吉首高山金秋梨梨锈病发生特点与防治技术研究
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摘要
针对梨锈病连年大发生的问题,对该病害发生动态、影响因素及防治方法进行了研究。调查结果表明,梨锈病发生受温度与降雨量影响,发病盛期于3月下旬—4月中旬,感病始期为叶龄3 d左右,以叶龄6～15 d发病最重,叶龄21 d后不再感病。提出于梨树花前叶龄3～6 d病斑始见期,谢花2/3及谢花后8～10 d连防3次为最佳防治时期;同时推荐使用三唑酮、戊唑醇、吡唑醚菌酯、苯醚甲环唑进行交替使用,避免产生抗性,可有效防治梨锈病。
In view of the problem of pear rust(Gymnosporangium haraeanum Syd.) occurring year after year,the occurrence dynamics,influencing factors and control methods of the disease were studied in this paper.The results showed as follows:The occurrence of pear rust was affected mainly by the temperature and rainfalls? the occurrence peak period of pear rust was from late March to mid-April? the initial stage of the disease was about 3 days of the leaf,and the disease was the most serious after 6-15 days? leaves no longer got sick after 21 days.It was suggested in the paper that three best times for prevention and treatment were at the onset of disease spots on the front leaves of pear trees at the age of 3-6 days,at the time of 2/3 flowers out,and 8-10 days after anthesis.At the same time,it was recommended to use triazolone,tebuconazole,pyraclostrobin and difenoconazole alternately to avoid the disease resistance and prevent pear rust effectively.
In view of the problem of pear rust(Gymnosporangium haraeanum Syd.) occurring year after year,the occurrence dynamics,influencing factors and control methods of the disease were studied in this paper.The results showed as follows:The occurrence of pear rust was affected mainly by the temperature and rainfalls? the occurrence peak period of pear rust was from late March to mid-April? the initial stage of the disease was about 3 days of the leaf,and the disease was the most serious after 6-15 days? leaves no longer got sick after 21 days.It was suggested in the paper that three best times for prevention and treatment were at the onset of disease spots on the front leaves of pear trees at the age of 3-6 days,at the time of 2/3 flowers out,and 8-10 days after anthesis.At the same time,it was recommended to use triazolone,tebuconazole,pyraclostrobin and difenoconazole alternately to avoid the disease resistance and prevent pear rust effectively.
引文
[1]Xu Q H.Occurrence and integrated control of pear rust and black spot disease[J].Yantai Fruit Tree,2011(4):44-45
[2]张熙,铜仁地区梨锈病的发生规律及综合防治技术[M].植物医生,2008,21(3):27.
[3]Ma S Z.Study on the occurrence rule and control technology of pear rust[J].China Fruit Tree,1998(1):16-18.
[4]李光武,孙吉翠,袁灵思,等,梨锈病发生规律及药剂防治技术研究[J].烟台果树,2001(2):11-12.
[5]Wu Y J,Hong K X,Chen R,et al.Study on the control effect of several new fungicides on pear rust[J].South China Fruit Tree,2009(1):50-51.
[6]李晓刚,蔺经,杨青松.梨锈病田间发病规律及相关性分析[J].南方农业学报,2012,43(2):180-183.
[7]何宣坤,廖华刚.梨锈病大发生原因分析及防治措施[J].农技服务,2014,31(6):146.
[8]Zhao D Y,Cheng C G,Zhang S Y,et al.Infection characteristics of pear rust and control period[J].China Plant Protection Guide,2011(5):9-11.
[9]Chen H Y,Li Y.Preliminary report on the resistance of main varieties of Anhui to pear trees[J].Plant Protection,1996,22(5):19-20.
[10]Pan Y Z,Dong H X.Investigation on the occurrence regularity of pear rust and its prevention and control[J].Hebei Fruit Tree,2003(5):11-12.
[11]张凤敏,宫美英,郭彩霞.梨锈病的发生规律与防治措施[J].烟台果树,2006,96(4):17-18.
[12]Zhang H.The occurrence of pear rust and its control strategies[J].Modern Horticulture,2011(12):39.
[13]Yao M,Liu R H,Wang N.Preliminary study on the occurrence regularity of pear rust and chemical control techniques[J].Yantai Fruit Tree,2005(3):9-10.
[14]Zhu C X,Xu H R,Wu W F.Study on the occurrence and control technology of pear rust[J].Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural University,1984,10(2):207-214.
[15]韩露,韩陈敏,韩亚林.五种杀菌剂对梨锈病的防治试验[J].吉林农业,2011(6):87.
[16]李保华,董向丽,张振芳.莱阳地区梨锈病防治适期研究[J].植物保护,2006(1):69-73.
[2]张熙,铜仁地区梨锈病的发生规律及综合防治技术[M].植物医生,2008,21(3):27.
[3]Ma S Z.Study on the occurrence rule and control technology of pear rust[J].China Fruit Tree,1998(1):16-18.
[4]李光武,孙吉翠,袁灵思,等,梨锈病发生规律及药剂防治技术研究[J].烟台果树,2001(2):11-12.
[5]Wu Y J,Hong K X,Chen R,et al.Study on the control effect of several new fungicides on pear rust[J].South China Fruit Tree,2009(1):50-51.
[6]李晓刚,蔺经,杨青松.梨锈病田间发病规律及相关性分析[J].南方农业学报,2012,43(2):180-183.
[7]何宣坤,廖华刚.梨锈病大发生原因分析及防治措施[J].农技服务,2014,31(6):146.
[8]Zhao D Y,Cheng C G,Zhang S Y,et al.Infection characteristics of pear rust and control period[J].China Plant Protection Guide,2011(5):9-11.
[9]Chen H Y,Li Y.Preliminary report on the resistance of main varieties of Anhui to pear trees[J].Plant Protection,1996,22(5):19-20.
[10]Pan Y Z,Dong H X.Investigation on the occurrence regularity of pear rust and its prevention and control[J].Hebei Fruit Tree,2003(5):11-12.
[11]张凤敏,宫美英,郭彩霞.梨锈病的发生规律与防治措施[J].烟台果树,2006,96(4):17-18.
[12]Zhang H.The occurrence of pear rust and its control strategies[J].Modern Horticulture,2011(12):39.
[13]Yao M,Liu R H,Wang N.Preliminary study on the occurrence regularity of pear rust and chemical control techniques[J].Yantai Fruit Tree,2005(3):9-10.
[14]Zhu C X,Xu H R,Wu W F.Study on the occurrence and control technology of pear rust[J].Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural University,1984,10(2):207-214.
[15]韩露,韩陈敏,韩亚林.五种杀菌剂对梨锈病的防治试验[J].吉林农业,2011(6):87.
[16]李保华,董向丽,张振芳.莱阳地区梨锈病防治适期研究[J].植物保护,2006(1):69-73.