基于卸荷量影响下巷道围岩变参数模型研究
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摘要
为了研究在不同卸荷量影响下,岩石的应力应变关系和蠕变模型参数的变化规律,采用MTS815.02试验机对砂岩进行室内分级非等卸荷量蠕变试验研究,并通过建立考虑卸荷量的变参数本构模型,与试验数据进行对比验证。试验结果表明:在同一试验条件下,随着每一级卸荷量的增大,其瞬时应变量和卸荷量等差比也越大,岩石更快进入加速蠕变阶段且蠕变时间变短,最终岩石破坏变形量越大、破坏更彻底;基于试验结果对各卸荷量各时刻下蠕变参数进行拟合分析,可以较好地反映岩石内部损伤演化规律和结构劣化,并较好地描述原有西原体难以描述的阶段,说明了所建立考虑卸荷量影响下砂岩变参数蠕变模型是合适可行的,同时,对巷道围岩支护理论以及卸荷过程中岩石失稳破坏形式分析具有指导作用。
In order to study the stress-strain relationship of rock and the variation of creep model parameters under the influence of different unloading,the sandstone unbalanced unloading creep test was carried out by MTS815.02 Testing Machine. The variable parameter constitutive model considering the unloading quantity was established and compared with the experimental data. The test results show that under the same test conditions,with the increase of the unloading amount of each stage,the difference between the instantaneous strain and the unloading amount also becomes larger. The rock enters the accelerated creep stage more faster and the creep time becomes shorter. The rock deformation eventually becomes larger and the destruction is also more thorough. Based on the test results,the fitting analysis of the creep parameters at each moment of the unloading amount can better reflect the internal damage evolution law and structural deterioration of the rock and describe the stage that was difficult to describe. It shows that the established parametric creep model is suitable and feasible. Meanwhile,the research results provide guiding significance for the surrounding rock support in the roadway and the rock failure during the unloading process.
In order to study the stress-strain relationship of rock and the variation of creep model parameters under the influence of different unloading,the sandstone unbalanced unloading creep test was carried out by MTS815.02 Testing Machine. The variable parameter constitutive model considering the unloading quantity was established and compared with the experimental data. The test results show that under the same test conditions,with the increase of the unloading amount of each stage,the difference between the instantaneous strain and the unloading amount also becomes larger. The rock enters the accelerated creep stage more faster and the creep time becomes shorter. The rock deformation eventually becomes larger and the destruction is also more thorough. Based on the test results,the fitting analysis of the creep parameters at each moment of the unloading amount can better reflect the internal damage evolution law and structural deterioration of the rock and describe the stage that was difficult to describe. It shows that the established parametric creep model is suitable and feasible. Meanwhile,the research results provide guiding significance for the surrounding rock support in the roadway and the rock failure during the unloading process.
引文
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[12]吴刚,孙钧,吴中如.复杂应力状态下完整岩体卸荷破坏的损伤力学分析[J].河海大学学报:自然科学版,1997,25(3):46-51.WU Gang,SUN Jun,WU Zhongru.Damage mechanical analysis of unloading failure of intact rock mass under complex stress state[J].Journal of Hohai University:Science and Technology,1997,25(3):46-51.
[13]刘志勇,肖明砾,卓莉,等.石英云母片岩加卸荷力学特性及其卸荷本构研究[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(S2):85-91.LIU Zhiyong,XIAO Mingli,ZHOU Li,et al.Study of loading and unloading characteristics and its unloading constitutive model of mica-quartz schist[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(S2):85-91.
[14]杨红伟,许江,彭守建,等.孔隙水压力分级加载砂岩蠕变特性研究[J].岩土力学,2015,36(S2):365-370.YANG Hongwei,XU Jiang,PENG Shoujian,et al.Study of sandstone creep characteristics under stepwise loading pore water pressures[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(S2):365-370.
[15]谢和平,彭瑞东,鞠杨,等.岩石破坏的能量分析初探[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(15):2603-2608.XIE Heping,PENG Ruidong,JU Yang,et al.On energy analysis of rock failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(15):2603-2608.
[16]沈明荣,谌洪菊.红砂岩长期强度特性的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(11):3301-3305.SHEN Mingrong,CHEN Hongju.Testing study of long-term strength characteristics of red sandstone[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(11):3301-3305.
[17]沈明荣.岩体力学[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1999.
[18]刘欣荣,郭建强,王军保.基于能量原理盐岩的强度与破坏准则[J].岩土力学,2013,34(2):305-310.LIU Xinrong,GUO Jianqiang,WANG Junbao.Investigation on mechanical properties and failure criterion of salt rock based on energy principles[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(2):305-310.
[19]刘光廷,胡昱,陈凤岐,等.软岩多轴流变特性及其对拱坝的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(8):1237-1241.LIU Guangting,HU Yu,CHEN Fengqi,et al.Rheological property of soft rock under multi-axial compression and its effect on design of arch dam[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(8):1237-1241.
[20]闫子舰,夏才初,李宏哲,等.分级卸荷条件下锦屏水电站大理岩流变规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(10):2153-2159.YAN Zijian,XIA Caichu,LI Hongzhe,et al.Study on rheological rules of marble in Jinping Hydropower Station under conditions of step unloading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(10):2153-2159.
[2]许小凯,陈亮,张玉贵,等.广义有效应力在煤岩多相耦合渗流评价中的应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(7):30-34.XU Xiaokai,CHEN Liang,ZHANG Yugui.Generalized effective stress applied to evaluation on multiphase coupling seepage of coal-rock[J].Coal Science and Technology,2015,43(7):30-34.
[3]陈亮,刘建锋,王春萍,等.不同温度计应力状态下北山花岗岩蠕变特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(6):1228-1235.CHEN Liang,LIU Jianfeng,WANG Chunping,et al.Creeping behavior of Beishan granite under different temperatures and stress conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(6):1228-1235.
[4]秦虎,黄滚,贾泉敏.含瓦斯煤岩卸围压声发射特性及能量特征分析[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(5):86-89,94.QIN Hu,HUANG Gun,JIA Quanmin.Analysis of characteristics of acoustic emission and energy of of gas-bearing coal during unloading confining pressure[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(5):86-89,94.
[5]王凯,郑吉玉,朱奎胜.两种应力路径下无烟煤的变形破坏特征及能量分析[J].岩土力学,2015,36(S2):259-266.WANG Kai,ZHENG Jiyu,ZHU Kuisheng.Analysis of deformation failure characteristics and energy of anthracite under two kinds of stress paths[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(S2):259-266.
[6]刘小军,刘新荣,王军保,等.浅变质板岩非定常开尔文模型研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2015,11(4):975-979.LIU Xiaojun,LIU Xinrong,WANG Junbao,et al.Study on non-stationary Kelvin model of low-grade metamorphic state[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2015,11(4):975-979.
[7]蒋海飞,刘东燕,黄伟,等.高围压下高孔隙水压对岩石蠕变特性的影响[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(7):1248-1256.JINAG Haifei,LIU Dongyan,HUANG Wei,et al.Influence of high pore water pressure on creep properties of rock under high confining pressure[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(7):1248-1256.
[8]卢自立,邓拓,刘文浩,等.变质砂岩卸围压破坏特征试验研究[J].土木工程与管理学报,2014,31(4):29-32,54.LU Zili,DENG Tuo,LIU Wenhao,et al.Testing on unloading confining pressure for characteristics of the metamorphic sandstone[J].Journal of Civil Engineering and Management,2014,31(4):29-32,54.
[9]俞缙,李宏,陈旭,等.砂岩卸围压变形过程中渗透特性与声发射试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(1):69-79.YU Jin,LI Hong,CHEN Xu,et al.Experimental study of permeability and acoustic emission characteristics of sandstone during processes of unloading confining pressure and deformation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(1):69-79.
[10]张雪颖,阮怀宁,贾彩虹,等.高围压大理岩卸荷变形破坏与能量特征研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2009,29(6):13-16.ZHANG Xueying,RUAN Huaining,JIA Caihong,et al.Study on unloading deformation,fracture and energy properties of marble under high confining pressure[J].Mining Research and Development,2009,29(6):13-16.
[11]高春玉,徐进,何鹏,等.大理岩加卸载力学特性的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2005,24(3):456-460.GAO Chunyu,XU Jin,HE Peng,et al.Study on mechanical properties of marble under loading and unloading conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(3):456-460.
[12]吴刚,孙钧,吴中如.复杂应力状态下完整岩体卸荷破坏的损伤力学分析[J].河海大学学报:自然科学版,1997,25(3):46-51.WU Gang,SUN Jun,WU Zhongru.Damage mechanical analysis of unloading failure of intact rock mass under complex stress state[J].Journal of Hohai University:Science and Technology,1997,25(3):46-51.
[13]刘志勇,肖明砾,卓莉,等.石英云母片岩加卸荷力学特性及其卸荷本构研究[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(S2):85-91.LIU Zhiyong,XIAO Mingli,ZHOU Li,et al.Study of loading and unloading characteristics and its unloading constitutive model of mica-quartz schist[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(S2):85-91.
[14]杨红伟,许江,彭守建,等.孔隙水压力分级加载砂岩蠕变特性研究[J].岩土力学,2015,36(S2):365-370.YANG Hongwei,XU Jiang,PENG Shoujian,et al.Study of sandstone creep characteristics under stepwise loading pore water pressures[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(S2):365-370.
[15]谢和平,彭瑞东,鞠杨,等.岩石破坏的能量分析初探[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(15):2603-2608.XIE Heping,PENG Ruidong,JU Yang,et al.On energy analysis of rock failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(15):2603-2608.
[16]沈明荣,谌洪菊.红砂岩长期强度特性的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(11):3301-3305.SHEN Mingrong,CHEN Hongju.Testing study of long-term strength characteristics of red sandstone[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(11):3301-3305.
[17]沈明荣.岩体力学[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1999.
[18]刘欣荣,郭建强,王军保.基于能量原理盐岩的强度与破坏准则[J].岩土力学,2013,34(2):305-310.LIU Xinrong,GUO Jianqiang,WANG Junbao.Investigation on mechanical properties and failure criterion of salt rock based on energy principles[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(2):305-310.
[19]刘光廷,胡昱,陈凤岐,等.软岩多轴流变特性及其对拱坝的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(8):1237-1241.LIU Guangting,HU Yu,CHEN Fengqi,et al.Rheological property of soft rock under multi-axial compression and its effect on design of arch dam[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(8):1237-1241.
[20]闫子舰,夏才初,李宏哲,等.分级卸荷条件下锦屏水电站大理岩流变规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(10):2153-2159.YAN Zijian,XIA Caichu,LI Hongzhe,et al.Study on rheological rules of marble in Jinping Hydropower Station under conditions of step unloading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(10):2153-2159.