一种无动力·蒸发式农村生活污水处理新技术及其工程应用
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摘要
为了加强我国寒冷干旱地区农村污水治理,介绍了一种无动力·蒸发式污水处理新技术,由前处理装置、二次过滤装置、特殊土壤处理蒸发装置组成,整个系统采用地埋式,埋藏深度为冻土层以下。通过无动力·蒸发式污水处理系统处理内蒙古地区的集中式与分散式农村生活污水,处理后污水可以达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918—2002)一级A标准,氨氮、总磷、BOD5、CODCr、悬浮物的去除率均超过90%。系统终端蒸发装置可将净化后水体全部蒸发,系统运行无需专人维护,节能减排。该技术在内蒙古地区已有多处工程应用,且具有良好的应用效果,适用于北方低温干旱地区,有很强的地域实用性。
Improvement in the living standards of rural people is generally accompanied by an increase in the annual volume of sewage discharge. Consequently, the treatment of sewage and operation of rural domestic sewage treatment systems become difficult, specifically in arid and cold regions. To address this problem, this research introduced a novel sewage treatment technology—The unpowered and evaporative sewage treatment system. The unpowered and evaporative sewage treatment system comprised a pre-treatment device, secondary precision filtration device, special soil treatment device, and evaporation device. The entire system was installed underground below the frozen soil layer. This system could treat sewage to the "first-class" standard listed in the Discharge Standards of Pollutans for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant(GB 18918—2002). In addition, a removal rate of above 90% of ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, biochemical oxygen demand(BOD5), chemical oxygen demand(CODCr), and suspended solids could be achieved. Furthermore, the treated wastewater could be completely evaporated by the terminal evaporation device. The operation of this system was simple, and the system did not require special maintenance; Moreover, the system consumed very less energy, resulting in emission reduction. This system was now being employed for sewage treatment in rural, arid, and cold regions of China. Furthermore, this technology has been successfully employed in many projects in Inner Mongolia and has been proven to be very effective.
Improvement in the living standards of rural people is generally accompanied by an increase in the annual volume of sewage discharge. Consequently, the treatment of sewage and operation of rural domestic sewage treatment systems become difficult, specifically in arid and cold regions. To address this problem, this research introduced a novel sewage treatment technology—The unpowered and evaporative sewage treatment system. The unpowered and evaporative sewage treatment system comprised a pre-treatment device, secondary precision filtration device, special soil treatment device, and evaporation device. The entire system was installed underground below the frozen soil layer. This system could treat sewage to the "first-class" standard listed in the Discharge Standards of Pollutans for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant(GB 18918—2002). In addition, a removal rate of above 90% of ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, biochemical oxygen demand(BOD5), chemical oxygen demand(CODCr), and suspended solids could be achieved. Furthermore, the treated wastewater could be completely evaporated by the terminal evaporation device. The operation of this system was simple, and the system did not require special maintenance; Moreover, the system consumed very less energy, resulting in emission reduction. This system was now being employed for sewage treatment in rural, arid, and cold regions of China. Furthermore, this technology has been successfully employed in many projects in Inner Mongolia and has been proven to be very effective.
引文
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[9]王三反,洪雷,唐玉霖.高寒地区生态大棚污水处理技术研究[J].中国科技成果,2009,10(4):20-22.WANG San-fan,HONG Lei,TANG Yu-lin.Study on wastewater treatment technology of ecological greenhouse in alpine region[J].China Science and Technology Achievements,2009,10(4):20-22．
[10]毛世峰,高雪杉,张勇.东北寒冷地区农村污水特征及处理技术[J].现代农业科技,2014(23):236-237.MAO Shi-feng,GAO Xue-shan,ZHANG Yong.Characteristics and treatment techniques of rural sewage in cold regions of northeast China[J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2014(23):236-237.
[2]冯宁,苏雷,李亚峰.农村生活污水处理技术与发展趋势[J].节能,2016,35(8):53-55.FENG Ning,SU Lei,LI Ya-feng.The treatment technology situation and development prospects for the rural sewage[J].Energy conservation,2016,35(8):53-55.
[3]寇胜男.浅析农村水环境污染现状及治理措施[J].科技经济导刊,2019,27(8):129.KOU Sheng-nan.Analysis of the status and control measures of rural water environment pollution[J].Technology and Economic Guide,2019,27(8):129.
[4]胡光楠.乡村振兴背景下农村污水治理技术应用现状及发展研究[J].中国资源综合利用,2019,37(3):99-101.HU Guang-nan.Application status and development of rural sewage treatment technology under the background of rural revitalization[J].China Resources Comprehensive Utilization,2019,37(3):99-101.
[5]刘士清,徐进,郝雁军.人工快渗在北方寒冷地区农村污水处理的应用[J].广东化工,2015,42(14):173-174.LIU Shi-qing,XU Jin,HAO Yan-jun.Application of constructed rapid infiltration for rural sewage treatment in northern cold region[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2015,42(14):173-174.
[6]范彬.我国农村污水治理技术构架与顶层设计构想[J].环境保护,2015,43(3):46-49.FAN Bin.Top-down design vision of the rural sewage and disposal technology frame in China[J].Environmental Protection,2015,43(3):46-49.
[7]胡明，刘英豪，朱仕坤，等.农村分散污水处理技术评价研究进展[J].中国给水排水，2015,31(12):16-21.HU Ming,LIU Ying-hao,ZHU Shi-kun,et al.Assessment of rural decentralized sewage treatment technology[J].China Water&Wastewater,2015,31(12):16-21．
[8]边喜龙,于景洋,齐世华,等.寒冷地区农村污水处理工艺选择与实践[J].低温建筑技术,2017,39(10):129-132.BIAN Xi-long,YU Jing-yang,QI Shi-hua,et al.Selection and practice of rural sewage treatment process in cold area[J].Low Temperature Architecture Technology,2017,39(10):129-132.
[9]王三反,洪雷,唐玉霖.高寒地区生态大棚污水处理技术研究[J].中国科技成果,2009,10(4):20-22.WANG San-fan,HONG Lei,TANG Yu-lin.Study on wastewater treatment technology of ecological greenhouse in alpine region[J].China Science and Technology Achievements,2009,10(4):20-22．
[10]毛世峰,高雪杉,张勇.东北寒冷地区农村污水特征及处理技术[J].现代农业科技,2014(23):236-237.MAO Shi-feng,GAO Xue-shan,ZHANG Yong.Characteristics and treatment techniques of rural sewage in cold regions of northeast China[J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2014(23):236-237.
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