中亚东部晚全新世水文气候变化及可能成因
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摘要
中亚东部水文气候变化对中纬大气环流非常敏感.为了查明该地区水文气候的长期变化及其与大气环流的关系,文章利用位于中天山深水湖泊——赛里木湖钻孔岩芯,在~(137)Cs、~(210)Pb和AMS~(14)C定年基础上,对湖泊岩芯有机碳、有机氮、碳/氮比、碳酸盐含量和粒度等多指标进行了分析,重建了晚全新世以来该地区水文气候变化历史.结果显示,晚全新世以来共发生了4次降水显著增加时期(4000～3780、3590～3210、2800～2160和890～280cal a BP)和1次降水微弱增加时期(1700～1370cal a BP),这与中亚东部地区已有的降水/湿度记录相吻合,表明晚全新世以来该地区具有相似的水文气候变化模式.太阳活动减弱以及整个环北大西洋地区大气环流南移,特别是中纬西风主要路径的南移,可能是中亚东部地区晚全新世水文气候变化的最主要原因.此外,赛里木湖研究结果还揭示了该地区最近100年降水显著增加,但中亚地区未来水文气候如何变化仍需更多不同载体的深入研究.
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