木浆纤维素氨基甲酸酯法再生纤维素纤维的制备及性能
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摘要
使用木浆粕和尿素为原料,以廉价的高沸点非质子极性溶剂N, N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)为介质通过固液相法制备了纤维素氨基甲酸酯(CC)。以NaOH为溶剂,采用低温溶解法溶解所制备的CC,通过湿法纺丝在常规黏胶长丝装置上成功制得再生纤维素纤维(CC纤维)。采用红外光谱、X射线衍射、核磁共振、扫描电镜等对纤维进行了表征。并对纤维的力学性能和吸湿性能进行了研究。结果表明,所制备的CC纤维在力学性能和吸湿性能上较已经工业生产的黏胶和Lyocell纤维相差并不太大,后续有望通过改进纺丝工艺达到工业使用标准。因此,通过氨基甲酸酯法制备再生纤维素纤维提供了一种简便且环境友好的方法来克服传统再生纤维素生产工艺的缺陷。
Cellulose carbamate(CC) was prepared by the solid-liquid phase method using woodpulp and urea as raw materials and inexpensive high-boiling aprotic polar solvent DMAc as medium. Using NaOH as solvent, the prepared CC was dissolved by the low-temperature dissolution method, and the regenerated cellulose fibers were successfully prepared by wet spinning on a conventional viscose filament yarn device. The fibers were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, NMR and SEM. The fiber mechanical properties and moisture absorption properties were studied. The results show that the mechanical properties and hygroscopicity of the prepared CC fibers are not much different from those of industrially produced viscose and Lyocell fibers, and it is expected that the CC fibers will be improved to meet industrial use standards by improving the spinning process.
Cellulose carbamate(CC) was prepared by the solid-liquid phase method using woodpulp and urea as raw materials and inexpensive high-boiling aprotic polar solvent DMAc as medium. Using NaOH as solvent, the prepared CC was dissolved by the low-temperature dissolution method, and the regenerated cellulose fibers were successfully prepared by wet spinning on a conventional viscose filament yarn device. The fibers were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, NMR and SEM. The fiber mechanical properties and moisture absorption properties were studied. The results show that the mechanical properties and hygroscopicity of the prepared CC fibers are not much different from those of industrially produced viscose and Lyocell fibers, and it is expected that the CC fibers will be improved to meet industrial use standards by improving the spinning process.
引文
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[2] Fink H P,Ganster J,Lehmann A.Progress in cellulose shaping:20 years industrial case studies at Fraunhofer IAP[J].Cellulose,2014,21:31-51.
[3] Yin C,Shen X.Synthesis of cellulose carbamate by supercritical CO2-assisted impregnation:structure and rheological properties[J].Eur.Polym.J.,2007,43:2111-2116.
[4] Fu F,Zhou J,Zhou X,et al.Green method for production of cellulose multifilament from cellulose carbamate on a pilot scale[J].ACS Sustain.Chem.Eng.,2014,2:2363-2370.
[5] Xiong L K,Yu G M,Yin C Y.Synthesis and characterization of cellulose carbamate by liquid-solid phase method[J].Fibers Polym.,2017,18:88-94.
[6] 齐晓伟,杨同仙,林璐.国产溶解木浆应用于玻璃纸的生产[J].华东纸业,2013,44(3):1-3.Qi X W,Yang T X,Lin L.Domestic dissolved wood pulp is applied to the production of cellophane[J].East China Pulp & Paper Industry,2013,44(3):1-3.
[7] 季柳炎.2017-2019年国内外溶解浆市场回顾与展望[J].造纸信息,2018,373(2):51-58.Ji L Y.Review and prospect of dissolving pulp market at home and abroad from 2017 to 2019[J].China Paper Newsletters,2018,373(2):51-58.
[8] 潘秋英,潘冬英.用全木浆生产黏胶长丝初探[J].人造纤维,2011(5):5-7.Pan Q Y,Pan D Y.Preliminary study on the production of viscose filaments from whole wood pulp[J].Artificial Fibre,2011(5):5-7.
[9] Teng Y,Yu G,Fu Y,et al.The preparation and study of regenerated cellulose fibers by cellulose carbamate pathway[J].Int.J.Biol.Macromol.,2018,107:383-392.
[10] Ramamoorthy S K,Skrifvars M,Rissanen M.Effect of alkali and silane surface treatments on regenerated cellulose fibre type (Lyocell) intended for composites[J].Cellulose,2015,22:637-654.
[11] Siroka B,Noisternig M,Griesser U J,et al.Characterization of cellulosic fibers and fabrics by sorption/desorption[J].Carbohydr.Res.,2008,343:2194-2199.