下扬子地区宁国凹陷大隆组-孤峰组泥页岩储层特征
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摘要
以皖宣页1井为对象,研究皖南宁国凹陷二叠系深水陆棚相黑色硅质页岩储层特征,探讨宁国凹陷二叠系页岩的成藏条件。对二叠系大隆组和孤峰组页岩开展有机地化特征、X射线衍射全岩矿物成分、含气性以及储层的测井响应特征等研究,结果表明:大隆组和孤峰组有机碳含量高,大隆组有机碳质量分数为1.71%～9.28%,平均为4.13%(29个样品),孤峰组有机碳质量分数平均为8.02%;有机质类型为Ⅱ_2-Ⅲ型;R_o值为1.23%～3.03%(大隆组平均为1.35%,孤峰组平均为2.83%);泥页岩中普遍发育原生矿物晶间孔、有机质孔等次生孔隙,以及微裂缝,内部孔隙连通性好,有利于页岩气的赋存;页岩内石英和黏土矿物等含量高,大隆组脆性矿物指数为37%～51%,孤峰组脆性矿物指数为71.8%～85.8%。宁国凹陷大隆组和孤峰组具备页岩气富集的基本条件,是勘探的有利区域。孤峰组在生烃条件、脆性矿物指数、含气性等方面都优于大隆组,应该是宁国凹陷的主探层位。
The drilling well of WXY1 in Ningguo Sag of south Anhui Province is studied in order to understand the characteristics of the Permian deep-water shelf facies black siliceous shale reservoir and discuss the formation conditions of the Permian shale reservoir. The study of organic geochemical characteristics, X-ray diffraction mineral composition, gas-bearing property and logging response characteristics of the Permian Dalong and Gufeng Formations shale shows that the organic carbon content of the Dalong and Gufeng Formations is high. In fact, the mass fraction of organic carbon of the Dalong Formation is 1.71%～9.28%(average 4.13%, 29 samples) and the average mass fraction of organic carbon of the Gufeng Formation is 8.02%, characteristic of Type Ⅱ_2-Ⅲ organics. The R_o value of shale is in the range of 1.23%～3.03%, and the average R_o value of the Dalong Formation is 1.35%, and Gufeng Formation is 2.83%. Primary mineral intergranular pore, organic pore and micro-crack are well developed in shale, and the connectivity of internal pore is good for the occurrence of shale gas. Quartz and clay mineral contents are high in shale, with the brittle mineral index of 37%～51% for Dalong Formation, and 71.8%～85.8% for Gufeng Formation. It reveals that the Dalong Formation and Gufeng Formation in Ningguo depression possess the basic conditions for shale gas enrichment and are favorable targets for shale gas exploration. Comparatively speaking, Gufeng Formation is superior to Dalong Formation in terms of hydrocarbon generation conditions, brittle mineral index and gas content, and should be the main exploration horizon in Ningguo depression.
The drilling well of WXY1 in Ningguo Sag of south Anhui Province is studied in order to understand the characteristics of the Permian deep-water shelf facies black siliceous shale reservoir and discuss the formation conditions of the Permian shale reservoir. The study of organic geochemical characteristics, X-ray diffraction mineral composition, gas-bearing property and logging response characteristics of the Permian Dalong and Gufeng Formations shale shows that the organic carbon content of the Dalong and Gufeng Formations is high. In fact, the mass fraction of organic carbon of the Dalong Formation is 1.71%～9.28%(average 4.13%, 29 samples) and the average mass fraction of organic carbon of the Gufeng Formation is 8.02%, characteristic of Type Ⅱ_2-Ⅲ organics. The R_o value of shale is in the range of 1.23%～3.03%, and the average R_o value of the Dalong Formation is 1.35%, and Gufeng Formation is 2.83%. Primary mineral intergranular pore, organic pore and micro-crack are well developed in shale, and the connectivity of internal pore is good for the occurrence of shale gas. Quartz and clay mineral contents are high in shale, with the brittle mineral index of 37%～51% for Dalong Formation, and 71.8%～85.8% for Gufeng Formation. It reveals that the Dalong Formation and Gufeng Formation in Ningguo depression possess the basic conditions for shale gas enrichment and are favorable targets for shale gas exploration. Comparatively speaking, Gufeng Formation is superior to Dalong Formation in terms of hydrocarbon generation conditions, brittle mineral index and gas content, and should be the main exploration horizon in Ningguo depression.
引文
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[17] Everett D H. Manual of symbols and terminology for physicochemical quantities and units, appendix II: Definitions, terminology and symbols in colloid and surface chemistry[J]. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 2013, 31(4): 579-638.
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[19] 龙鹏宇,张金川,唐玄,等.泥页岩裂缝发育特征及其对页岩气勘探和开发的影响[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(3):525-532.Long P Y, Zhang J C, Tang X, et al. Characteristics of fracture development of shale and its influence on shale gas exploration and development[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2011, 22(3): 525-532. (in Chinese)
[20] 张晓明,石万忠,徐清海,等.四川盆地焦石坝地区页岩气储层特征及控制因素[J].石油学报,2015,36(8):926-939.Zhang X M, Shi W Z, Xu Q H, et al. Characteristics and controlling factors of shale gas reservoirs in Jiaoshiba area, Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2015, 36(8): 926-939. (in Chinese)
[21] 余坤,屈争辉,余可龙,等.淮南矿区新集矿1001井煤系泥岩脆性矿物及其沉积控制[J].煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(6):14-21.Yu K, Qu Z H, Yu K L, et al. Brittle minerals and sedimentation control of coal-bearing mudstone in Well No.1001, Xinji Mine, Huainan Mining Area[J]. Coal Geology and Exploration, 2017, 45(6): 14-21. (in Chinese)
[22]李钜源.东营凹陷泥页岩矿物组成及脆度分析[J].沉积学报,2013,31(4):616-620.Li J Y. Mineral composition and brittleness analysis of shale in Dongying Sag [J]. Journal of Sedimentology, 2013, 31(4): 616-620. (in Chinese)
[23] 李庆辉,陈勉,金衍,等.页岩气储层岩石力学特性及脆性评价[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(4):17-22.Li Q H ,Chen M, Jin Y, et al. Evaluation of rock mechanical properties and brittleness of shale gas reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2012, 40(4): 17-22. (in Chinese)
[24] 沈娟.四川盆地志留系龙马溪组页岩矿物组成对含气性的影响[D].兰州:兰州大学档案馆,2014.Shen J. The Influence of Mineral Composition of the Silurian Longmaxi Formation Shale on Gas-Bearing Properties in Sichuan Basin[D]. Lanzhou: The Archive of Lanzhou University, 2014. (in Chinese)
[25] Loucks R G, Reed R M, Ruppel S C, et al. Morphology, genesis, and distribution of nanometer-scale pores in siliceous mudstones of the Mississippian Barnett Shale[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 2009, 79(12): 848-861.
[2] 李干生,焦大庆,苏玉山.中国油气资源勘查前景展望[J].当代石油石化,2004,12(8):4-8.Li G S, Jiao D Q, Su Y S. Prospects for oil and gas exploration in China[J]. Contemporary Petrochemical, 2004, 12(8): 4-8. (in Chinese)
[3] 夏在连.下扬子黄桥地区上古生界油气成藏研究[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(5):505-508.Xia Z L. Reservoir formation of Upper Paleozoic in Huangqiao area of Lower Yangtze [J]. Petroleum Experimental Geology, 2011, 33(5): 505-508. (in Chinese)
[4] 郭彤楼.中国式页岩气关键地质问题与成藏富集主控因素[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(3):317-326.Guo T L. Key geological problems and main controlling factors of accumulation and enrichment of Chinese-style shale gas[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2016, 43(3): 317-326. (in Chinese)
[5] 赵玉琛.宁国凹陷褶皱构造的节理谱分析和应力场研究[J].安徽地质,1992,(2):15-24.Zhao Y C. Study on joint spectrum analysis and stress field of fold structure in Ningguo depression[J]. Journal of Anhui Geology, 1992, (2): 15-24. (in Chinese)
[6] 赵牧华,石刚,武磊彬.安徽皖江地区页岩气地质调查地震勘探数据采集技术研究[J].华东地质,2017,38(3):203-209.Zhao M H, Shi G, Wu L B. Acquisition technology study of shale gas seismic prospecting data in Wanjiang region, Anhui Province[J]. East China Geology, 2017, 38(3): 203-209. (in Chinese)
[7] 王鹏万,陈子炓,贺训云,等.桂中坳陷泥盆系页岩气成藏条件与有利区带评价[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(3):353-363.Wang P W, Chen Z W, He X Y, et al. Evaluation conditions and favorable zone of Devonian shale gas in Guizhong depression[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2012, 33(3): 353-363. (in Chinese)
[8] 吴浩.安徽省扬子地层区古生界页岩气地质条件与勘探前景[D].南京:南京大学档案馆,2014.Wu H. Geological Conditions and Exploration Prospects of Paleozoic Shale Gas in Yangtze Stratigraphic Area, Anhui Province [D]. Nanjing: The Archive of Nanjing University, 2014. (in Chinese)
[9] Da Z D. Forming conditions and characteristics of shale gas in the Lower Paleozoic of the Upper Yangtze region, China[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2010, 31(3): 289-299.
[10] Bustin R M, Bustin A, Ross D, et al. Shale gas opportunities and challenges [J]. Search and Discovery Articles, 2009, 40382: 20-23.
[11] 《页岩气地质与勘探开发实践丛书》编委会.北美地区页岩气勘探开发新进展[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009.Editorial Board of “Shale Gas Geology and Exploration and Development Practice Series”. New Progress in Shale Gas Exploration and Development in North America[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2009. (in Chinese)
[12] 楚宇飞.黔渝地区南华系页岩气富集关键地质因素与勘探潜力评价[D].徐州:中国矿业大学档案馆,2014.Chu Y F. The Key Geological Factors and Exploration Potential Evaluation of Shale Gas Enrichment for Nanhua System in Guizhou and Chongqing Area [D]. Xuzhou: The Archive of China University of Mining and Technology, 2014. (in Chinese)
[13] 邹才能,董大忠,王玉满,等.中国页岩气特征、挑战及前景(一)[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(6):689-701.Zou C N, Dong D Z, Wang Y M, et al. China's shale gas characteristics, challenges and prospects (I) [J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2015, 42 (6): 689-701. (in Chinese)
[14] 徐波,李敬含,李晓革,等.辽河油田东部凹陷页岩气成藏条件及含气性评价[J].石油学报,2011,32(3):450-458.Xu B, Li J H, Li X G, et al. Evaluation of shale gas accumulation conditions and gas-bearing properties in the eastern sag of Liaohe Oilfield[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2011, 32(3): 450-458. (in Chinese)
[15] 尉鹏飞,张金川,隆帅,等.四川盆地及周缘地区龙马溪组页岩微观孔隙结构及其发育主控因素[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(5):42-51.Wei P F, Zhang J C, Long S, et al. Microscopic pore structure and main controlling factors of the Longmaxi Formation shale in the Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2016, 21(5): 42-51. (in Chinese)
[16] 郭旭升,李宇平,刘若冰,等.四川盆地焦石坝地区龙马溪组页岩微观孔隙结构特征及其控制因素[J].天然气工业,2014,34(6):9-16.Guo X S, Li Y P, Liu R B, et al. Microscopic pore structure characteristics and controlling factors of Longmaxi Formation shale in Jiaoshiba area, Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2014, 34(6): 9-16. (in Chinese)
[17] Everett D H. Manual of symbols and terminology for physicochemical quantities and units, appendix II: Definitions, terminology and symbols in colloid and surface chemistry[J]. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 2013, 31(4): 579-638.
[18] 房立志,琚宜文,王国昌,等.华夏陆块闽西南坳陷二叠系含有机质页岩组成及赋气孔隙特征[J].地学前缘,2013,20(4):229-239.Fang L Z, Ju Y W, Wang G C, et al. Composition and gas-filled pore characteristics of Permian organic shale in southwest Fujian depression, Cathaysia landmass[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2013, 20(4): 229-239. (in Chinese)
[19] 龙鹏宇,张金川,唐玄,等.泥页岩裂缝发育特征及其对页岩气勘探和开发的影响[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(3):525-532.Long P Y, Zhang J C, Tang X, et al. Characteristics of fracture development of shale and its influence on shale gas exploration and development[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2011, 22(3): 525-532. (in Chinese)
[20] 张晓明,石万忠,徐清海,等.四川盆地焦石坝地区页岩气储层特征及控制因素[J].石油学报,2015,36(8):926-939.Zhang X M, Shi W Z, Xu Q H, et al. Characteristics and controlling factors of shale gas reservoirs in Jiaoshiba area, Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2015, 36(8): 926-939. (in Chinese)
[21] 余坤,屈争辉,余可龙,等.淮南矿区新集矿1001井煤系泥岩脆性矿物及其沉积控制[J].煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(6):14-21.Yu K, Qu Z H, Yu K L, et al. Brittle minerals and sedimentation control of coal-bearing mudstone in Well No.1001, Xinji Mine, Huainan Mining Area[J]. Coal Geology and Exploration, 2017, 45(6): 14-21. (in Chinese)
[22]李钜源.东营凹陷泥页岩矿物组成及脆度分析[J].沉积学报,2013,31(4):616-620.Li J Y. Mineral composition and brittleness analysis of shale in Dongying Sag [J]. Journal of Sedimentology, 2013, 31(4): 616-620. (in Chinese)
[23] 李庆辉,陈勉,金衍,等.页岩气储层岩石力学特性及脆性评价[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(4):17-22.Li Q H ,Chen M, Jin Y, et al. Evaluation of rock mechanical properties and brittleness of shale gas reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2012, 40(4): 17-22. (in Chinese)
[24] 沈娟.四川盆地志留系龙马溪组页岩矿物组成对含气性的影响[D].兰州:兰州大学档案馆,2014.Shen J. The Influence of Mineral Composition of the Silurian Longmaxi Formation Shale on Gas-Bearing Properties in Sichuan Basin[D]. Lanzhou: The Archive of Lanzhou University, 2014. (in Chinese)
[25] Loucks R G, Reed R M, Ruppel S C, et al. Morphology, genesis, and distribution of nanometer-scale pores in siliceous mudstones of the Mississippian Barnett Shale[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 2009, 79(12): 848-861.
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