洛阳烟区典型土壤盐分剖面分布特征分析
|
摘要
为揭示土壤盐分的剖面分布特征,于2017年采集河南省洛阳市4个烟叶主产县20个样点的土壤剖面共计100个土壤样品,测定了土壤全盐量(质量分数)、离子组成和pH,并分析了其分布特征。结果表明:研究区土壤多为非盐渍化,但在个别土层出现轻度盐渍化,且盐分阳离子以Ca~(2+)为主、K~+次之,阴离子以SO_4~(2-)为主,pH在7.50～8.03之间。全盐量与Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Na~+、SO_4~(2-)和Cl~-含量呈极显著正相关。红黏土0～100 cm土层为非盐渍化,土壤盐分表现出较明显的表聚现象;黄土质褐土0～60 cm土层为非盐渍化,60～100 cm土层为轻度盐渍化,土壤盐分表现出明显的表聚和底聚现象。
To investigate the profile distribution characteristics of soil salinity,100 soil samples were collected from 20 soil profiles in 4 main tobacco-producing counties in Luoyang City,Henan Province in2017. The total salt content,ion composition and pH of the samples were measured,and their distribution characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that most samples were non-salinized soils,however slight salinization occurred in several soil layers. Ca~(2+) was the main cation,followed by K~+;SO_4~(2-)was the main anion. Soil pH ranged from 7.50 to 8.03. The total salt content significantly positively correlated to the contents of Ca~(2+),Mg~(2+),Na~+,SO_4~(2-)and Cl~-. The 0-100 cm top layer of red clay soil was non-salinized soil,and the salt accumulated in soil surface. The yellow-cinnamon soil was non-salinized and slight salinized in0-60 and 60-100 cm layers,respectively. Salt notably accumulated in the surface and bottom of soil.
To investigate the profile distribution characteristics of soil salinity,100 soil samples were collected from 20 soil profiles in 4 main tobacco-producing counties in Luoyang City,Henan Province in2017. The total salt content,ion composition and pH of the samples were measured,and their distribution characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that most samples were non-salinized soils,however slight salinization occurred in several soil layers. Ca~(2+) was the main cation,followed by K~+;SO_4~(2-)was the main anion. Soil pH ranged from 7.50 to 8.03. The total salt content significantly positively correlated to the contents of Ca~(2+),Mg~(2+),Na~+,SO_4~(2-)and Cl~-. The 0-100 cm top layer of red clay soil was non-salinized soil,and the salt accumulated in soil surface. The yellow-cinnamon soil was non-salinized and slight salinized in0-60 and 60-100 cm layers,respectively. Salt notably accumulated in the surface and bottom of soil.
引文
[1]Epstein E,Norlyn J D,Rush D W,et al.Saline culture of crops:A genetic approach[J].Science,1980,210(4468):399-404.
[2]Boyer J S.Plant productivity and environment[J].Science,1982,218(4571):443-448.
[3]毛任钊,田魁祥,松本聪,等.盐渍土盐分指标及其与化学组成的关系[J].土壤,1997,29(6):326-330.MAO Renzhao,TIAN Kuixiang,SONG Bencong,et al.Salt index of salinized soil and its relationship with chemical composition[J].Soils,1997,29(6):326-330.
[4]张小由,龚家栋,周茂先.额济纳三角洲土壤盐分特征分析[J].中国沙漠,2004,24(4):442-447.ZHANG Xiaoyou,GONG Jiadong,ZHOU Maoxian.Analysis on characters of soil salinity in Ejin Delta[J].Journal of Desert Research,2004,24(4):442-447.
[5]徐力刚,杨劲松,张妙仙,等.微区作物种植条件下不同调控措施对土壤水盐动态的影响特征[J].土壤,2003,35(3):227-231.XU Ligang,YANG Jinsong,ZHANG Miaoxian,et al.Effects of regulation measures on water and salt regime of soil[J].Soils,2003,35(3):227-231.
[6]宋梦洁.基于高光谱数据的博斯腾湖西岸湖滨绿洲土壤剖面土壤盐分反演[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆师范大学,2016:13-14.SONG Mengjie.Soil salinity retrieval based on hyper-spectral data of soil profile in the west lakeside oasis of Bosten Lake[D].Urumchi:Xinjiang Normal University,2016:13-14.
[7]李群平.洛阳市植烟土壤养分现状分析[J].河南农业科学,2006,35(8):89-91.LI Qunping.Analysis of the status of soil fertility in Luoyang tobacco-growing areas[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,2006,35(8):89-91.
[8]郭正磊.基于土壤发生分类的河南省农用地自然等别分析[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2016:22.GUO Zhenglei.The Analysis of the natural grade of agricultural land based on the classification of pedogenesis in Henan Province[D].Zhengzhou:Henan Agricultural University,2016:22.
[9]魏克循.河南土壤地理[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,1995:247-250,508-513.WEI Kexun.Soil geography of Henan[M].Zhengzhou:Henan Science and Technology Press,1995:247-250,508-513.
[10]洛阳市气象局.农业气象灾害[EB/OL].2017.http://www.lyqxj.cn/sxgk.asp?cateid=156.2017-12-12.
[11]毛海涛,樊哲超,何华祥,等.干旱、半干旱区平原水库对坝后盐渍化的影响[J].干旱区研究,2016,33(1):74-79.MAO Haitao,FAN Zhechao,HE Huaxiang,et al.On the effects of reservoirs in plain area to soil salinization in arid and semi-arid area[J].Arid Zone Research,2016,33(1):74-79.
[12]解卫海,马淑杰,祁琳,等.Na+吸收对干旱导致的棉花叶片光合系统损伤的缓解作用[J].生态学报,2015,35(19):6549-6559.XIE Weihai,MA Shujie,QI Lin,et al.The mitigating effects of Na+accumulation on the drought-induced damage to photosynthetic apparatus in cotton seedlings[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(19):6549-6556.
[13]洛阳市农业局.农业概况[EB/OL].2016.http://www.lyagri-net.gov.cn/agr/4585.html.2017-12-12.
[14]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:152-200.BAO Shidan.Soil and agricultural chemistry analysis[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2000:152-200.
[15]王遵亲,祝寿泉,俞仁培,等.中国盐渍土[M].北京:科学出版社,1993:131-132,334-336.WANG Zunqin,ZHU Shouquan,YU Renpei,et al.Saline soil in China[M].Beijing:Science Press,1993:131-132,334-336.
[16]艾合买提·那由甫,李卫红,徐海量.塔里木河中游土壤分布规律及其特征研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2005,19(1):149-153.Aahmat·Nayup,LI Weihong,XU Hailiang.Research on distribution laws and features of soil in middle reaches of Tarim River[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2005,19(1):149-153.
[17]郭全恩,王益权,郭天文,等.半干旱盐渍化地区果园土壤盐分离子相关性研究[J].土壤,2009,41(4):664-669.GUO Quanen,WANG Yiquan,GUO Tianwen,et al.Correlation of soil salt ions in orchard in semiarid saline regions[J].Soils,2009,41(4):664-669.
[18]韩桂红,塔西甫拉提·特依拜,买买提沙吾提,等.基于典范对应分析的干旱区春季盐渍化特征研究[J].土壤学报,2012,49(4):681-687.HAN Guihong,Tashplat·Tiyip,Mamatsawt,et al.Characterization of soil salinization in arid area based on canonical correspondence analysis[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2012,49(4):681-687.
[19]景宇鹏,段玉,妥德宝,等.河套平原弃耕地土壤盐碱化特征[J].土壤学报,2016,53(6):1410-1420.JING Yupeng,DUAN Yu,TUO Debao,et al.Characteristics of salinization of deserted farmland in Hetao Plain,China[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2016,53(6):1410-1420.
[20]王学全,高前兆,卢琦,等.内蒙古河套灌区水盐平衡与干排水脱盐分析[J].地理科学,2006,26(4):455-460.WANG Xuequan,GAO Qianzhao,LU Qi,et al.Salt-water balance and dry drainage desalting in Hetao Irrigating Area,Inner Mongolia[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2006,26(4):455-460.
[21]刘国顺.烟草栽培学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003:144-171.LIU Guoshun.Tobacco cultivation[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2003:144-171.
[22]Shah Z,Adamst W A,Haven C D V.Composition and activity of the microbial population in an acidic upland soil and effects of liming[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,1990,22(2):257-263.
[23]戴万宏,黄耀,武丽,等.中国地带性土壤有机质含量与酸碱度的关系[J].土壤学报,2009,46(5):851-860.DAI Wanhong,HUANG Yao,WU Li,et al.Relationships between soil organic matter content(SOM)and pH in topsoil of zonal soils in China[J].Acta Pedolgica Sinica,2009,46(5):851-860.
[24]朱洁,刘洪斌,徐宸.重庆烟区环境因子对土壤有机质含量的影响[J].烟草科技,2018,51(6):19-24,33.ZHU Jie,LIU Hongbin,XU Chen.Influences of environmental factors on soil organic matter contents in Chongqing tobacco-growing areas[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2018,51(6):19-24,33.
[25]Motavalli P,Palm C A,Parton W J,et al.Soil pH and organic C dynamics in tropical forest soils:Evidence from laboratory and simulation studies[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1995,27(12):1589-1599.
[26]余世鹏,杨劲松,刘广明.易盐渍区黏土夹层对土壤水盐运动的影响特征[J].水科学进展,2011,22(4):495-501.YU Shipeng,YANG Jinsong,LIU Guangming.Effect of clay interlayers on soil water-salt movement in easily-salinized regions[J].Advances in Water Science,2011,22(4):495-501.
[27]陈丽娟,冯起,王昱,等.微咸水灌溉条件下含黏土夹层土壤的水盐运移规律[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(8):44-51.CHEN Lijuan,FENG Qi,WANG Yu,et al.Water and salt movement under saline water irrigation in soil with clay interlayer[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(8):44-51.
[28]朱建群,龚琰,胡大为,等.干湿循环作用下红黏土收缩特征研究[J].冰川冻土,2016,38(4):1028-1035.ZHU Jianqun,GONG Yan,HU Dawei,et al.Research on shrinkage characteristics of red clay with drying and wetting cycles[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2016,38(4):1028-1035.
[29]张骜,王振华,王久龙,等.蒸发条件下地下水对土壤水盐分布的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(6):229-233.ZHANG Ao,WANG Zhenhua,WANG Jiulong,et al.Influence of ground water on soil water and salinity distribution under the condition of evaporation[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2015,33(6):229-233.
[30]樊自立,陈亚宁,李和平,等.中国西北干旱区生态地下水埋深适宜深度的确定[J].干旱区资源与环境,2008,22(2):1-5.FAN Zili,CHEN Yaning,LI Heping,et al.Determination of suitable ecological groundwater depth in arid areas in northwest part of China[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2008,22(2):1-5.
[2]Boyer J S.Plant productivity and environment[J].Science,1982,218(4571):443-448.
[3]毛任钊,田魁祥,松本聪,等.盐渍土盐分指标及其与化学组成的关系[J].土壤,1997,29(6):326-330.MAO Renzhao,TIAN Kuixiang,SONG Bencong,et al.Salt index of salinized soil and its relationship with chemical composition[J].Soils,1997,29(6):326-330.
[4]张小由,龚家栋,周茂先.额济纳三角洲土壤盐分特征分析[J].中国沙漠,2004,24(4):442-447.ZHANG Xiaoyou,GONG Jiadong,ZHOU Maoxian.Analysis on characters of soil salinity in Ejin Delta[J].Journal of Desert Research,2004,24(4):442-447.
[5]徐力刚,杨劲松,张妙仙,等.微区作物种植条件下不同调控措施对土壤水盐动态的影响特征[J].土壤,2003,35(3):227-231.XU Ligang,YANG Jinsong,ZHANG Miaoxian,et al.Effects of regulation measures on water and salt regime of soil[J].Soils,2003,35(3):227-231.
[6]宋梦洁.基于高光谱数据的博斯腾湖西岸湖滨绿洲土壤剖面土壤盐分反演[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆师范大学,2016:13-14.SONG Mengjie.Soil salinity retrieval based on hyper-spectral data of soil profile in the west lakeside oasis of Bosten Lake[D].Urumchi:Xinjiang Normal University,2016:13-14.
[7]李群平.洛阳市植烟土壤养分现状分析[J].河南农业科学,2006,35(8):89-91.LI Qunping.Analysis of the status of soil fertility in Luoyang tobacco-growing areas[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,2006,35(8):89-91.
[8]郭正磊.基于土壤发生分类的河南省农用地自然等别分析[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2016:22.GUO Zhenglei.The Analysis of the natural grade of agricultural land based on the classification of pedogenesis in Henan Province[D].Zhengzhou:Henan Agricultural University,2016:22.
[9]魏克循.河南土壤地理[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,1995:247-250,508-513.WEI Kexun.Soil geography of Henan[M].Zhengzhou:Henan Science and Technology Press,1995:247-250,508-513.
[10]洛阳市气象局.农业气象灾害[EB/OL].2017.http://www.lyqxj.cn/sxgk.asp?cateid=156.2017-12-12.
[11]毛海涛,樊哲超,何华祥,等.干旱、半干旱区平原水库对坝后盐渍化的影响[J].干旱区研究,2016,33(1):74-79.MAO Haitao,FAN Zhechao,HE Huaxiang,et al.On the effects of reservoirs in plain area to soil salinization in arid and semi-arid area[J].Arid Zone Research,2016,33(1):74-79.
[12]解卫海,马淑杰,祁琳,等.Na+吸收对干旱导致的棉花叶片光合系统损伤的缓解作用[J].生态学报,2015,35(19):6549-6559.XIE Weihai,MA Shujie,QI Lin,et al.The mitigating effects of Na+accumulation on the drought-induced damage to photosynthetic apparatus in cotton seedlings[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(19):6549-6556.
[13]洛阳市农业局.农业概况[EB/OL].2016.http://www.lyagri-net.gov.cn/agr/4585.html.2017-12-12.
[14]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:152-200.BAO Shidan.Soil and agricultural chemistry analysis[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2000:152-200.
[15]王遵亲,祝寿泉,俞仁培,等.中国盐渍土[M].北京:科学出版社,1993:131-132,334-336.WANG Zunqin,ZHU Shouquan,YU Renpei,et al.Saline soil in China[M].Beijing:Science Press,1993:131-132,334-336.
[16]艾合买提·那由甫,李卫红,徐海量.塔里木河中游土壤分布规律及其特征研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2005,19(1):149-153.Aahmat·Nayup,LI Weihong,XU Hailiang.Research on distribution laws and features of soil in middle reaches of Tarim River[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2005,19(1):149-153.
[17]郭全恩,王益权,郭天文,等.半干旱盐渍化地区果园土壤盐分离子相关性研究[J].土壤,2009,41(4):664-669.GUO Quanen,WANG Yiquan,GUO Tianwen,et al.Correlation of soil salt ions in orchard in semiarid saline regions[J].Soils,2009,41(4):664-669.
[18]韩桂红,塔西甫拉提·特依拜,买买提沙吾提,等.基于典范对应分析的干旱区春季盐渍化特征研究[J].土壤学报,2012,49(4):681-687.HAN Guihong,Tashplat·Tiyip,Mamatsawt,et al.Characterization of soil salinization in arid area based on canonical correspondence analysis[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2012,49(4):681-687.
[19]景宇鹏,段玉,妥德宝,等.河套平原弃耕地土壤盐碱化特征[J].土壤学报,2016,53(6):1410-1420.JING Yupeng,DUAN Yu,TUO Debao,et al.Characteristics of salinization of deserted farmland in Hetao Plain,China[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2016,53(6):1410-1420.
[20]王学全,高前兆,卢琦,等.内蒙古河套灌区水盐平衡与干排水脱盐分析[J].地理科学,2006,26(4):455-460.WANG Xuequan,GAO Qianzhao,LU Qi,et al.Salt-water balance and dry drainage desalting in Hetao Irrigating Area,Inner Mongolia[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2006,26(4):455-460.
[21]刘国顺.烟草栽培学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003:144-171.LIU Guoshun.Tobacco cultivation[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2003:144-171.
[22]Shah Z,Adamst W A,Haven C D V.Composition and activity of the microbial population in an acidic upland soil and effects of liming[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,1990,22(2):257-263.
[23]戴万宏,黄耀,武丽,等.中国地带性土壤有机质含量与酸碱度的关系[J].土壤学报,2009,46(5):851-860.DAI Wanhong,HUANG Yao,WU Li,et al.Relationships between soil organic matter content(SOM)and pH in topsoil of zonal soils in China[J].Acta Pedolgica Sinica,2009,46(5):851-860.
[24]朱洁,刘洪斌,徐宸.重庆烟区环境因子对土壤有机质含量的影响[J].烟草科技,2018,51(6):19-24,33.ZHU Jie,LIU Hongbin,XU Chen.Influences of environmental factors on soil organic matter contents in Chongqing tobacco-growing areas[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2018,51(6):19-24,33.
[25]Motavalli P,Palm C A,Parton W J,et al.Soil pH and organic C dynamics in tropical forest soils:Evidence from laboratory and simulation studies[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1995,27(12):1589-1599.
[26]余世鹏,杨劲松,刘广明.易盐渍区黏土夹层对土壤水盐运动的影响特征[J].水科学进展,2011,22(4):495-501.YU Shipeng,YANG Jinsong,LIU Guangming.Effect of clay interlayers on soil water-salt movement in easily-salinized regions[J].Advances in Water Science,2011,22(4):495-501.
[27]陈丽娟,冯起,王昱,等.微咸水灌溉条件下含黏土夹层土壤的水盐运移规律[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(8):44-51.CHEN Lijuan,FENG Qi,WANG Yu,et al.Water and salt movement under saline water irrigation in soil with clay interlayer[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(8):44-51.
[28]朱建群,龚琰,胡大为,等.干湿循环作用下红黏土收缩特征研究[J].冰川冻土,2016,38(4):1028-1035.ZHU Jianqun,GONG Yan,HU Dawei,et al.Research on shrinkage characteristics of red clay with drying and wetting cycles[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2016,38(4):1028-1035.
[29]张骜,王振华,王久龙,等.蒸发条件下地下水对土壤水盐分布的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(6):229-233.ZHANG Ao,WANG Zhenhua,WANG Jiulong,et al.Influence of ground water on soil water and salinity distribution under the condition of evaporation[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2015,33(6):229-233.
[30]樊自立,陈亚宁,李和平,等.中国西北干旱区生态地下水埋深适宜深度的确定[J].干旱区资源与环境,2008,22(2):1-5.FAN Zili,CHEN Yaning,LI Heping,et al.Determination of suitable ecological groundwater depth in arid areas in northwest part of China[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2008,22(2):1-5.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |