水肥耦合对海泡石钝化修复镉污染土壤效率的影响
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摘要
为探讨水肥耦合对海泡石钝化修复镉(Cd)污染土壤效率的影响,采用盆栽试验,以油菜为供试植物,研究了两种水分条件下施用质量分数为0.5%、1.0%和2.0%的蚯蚓粪肥对钝化土壤中有效态Cd含量、油菜根部和可食部分Cd含量的影响。结果表明,土壤水分含量为60%～65%时,施用海泡石能够显著降低土壤中有效态Cd的含量,进一步施用蚯蚓粪肥土壤中有效态Cd的含量为单一海泡石处理的2.24～2.72倍,但是油菜可食部分Cd含量与单一海泡石处理相比变化不显著(P<0.05);土壤水分含量为100%时,在钝化修复下施用0.5%、1.0%和2.0%的蚯蚓粪肥,土壤中有效态Cd的含量为单一海泡石处理的1.11、1.17倍和1.26倍,施用0.5%和2.0%蚯蚓粪肥,油菜可食部分Cd含量与单一海泡石处理相比降低了55.9%和56.8%。因此土壤水分含量为60%～65%时,在海泡石钝化修复下施用蚯蚓粪肥,水肥耦合对钝化效应的影响较小;土壤水分含量为100%时,施用0.5%或2.0%蚯蚓粪肥,水肥耦合能够强化海泡石的钝化效应,进一步降低油菜对Cd的吸收和累积。
In order to investigate the coupling effect of water management and fertilizers on the effectiveness of sepiolite in the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil, a pot experiment was conducted with pak choi as the tested plant. The effects of wormcast with different application ratios on available Cd contents in soils, and Cd contents in roots and shoots of pak choi were studied under two different water conditions. The results indicated that sepiolite reduced the available Cd contents in soils significantly when the soil moisture contents were 60%～65%. Furthermore, the available Cd contents in soils with the addition of wormcast in sepiolite-amended soils were 2.24～2.72 times to single sepiolite-amended treatment, though the Cd contents in edible parts of pak choi did not change significantly(P<0.05). When soil moisture content was 100%, the available Cd contents in sepiolite-amended soils after the addition of 0.5%,1.0% and 2.0% wormcast, 1.0%,and 2.0% were increased by 1.11, 1.17, and 1.26 times, respectively. The application of 0.5% and 2.0% wormcast decreased the Cd contents in edible parts of pak choi by 55.9% and 56.8%, respectively, compared with the application of sepiolite alone. As a consequence,the coupling effect of water management and fertilizer has little impact on the remediation effectiveness of sepiolite with respect to Cd accumulation in plants when soil moisture contents maintained at 60%～65%. When the soil moisture content was 100% and the application ratio of wormcast was 0.5% or 2.0%, the coupling effect of water management and fertilizer could enhance the immobilization effect of sepiolite and further reduce Cd accumulation in pak choi.
In order to investigate the coupling effect of water management and fertilizers on the effectiveness of sepiolite in the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil, a pot experiment was conducted with pak choi as the tested plant. The effects of wormcast with different application ratios on available Cd contents in soils, and Cd contents in roots and shoots of pak choi were studied under two different water conditions. The results indicated that sepiolite reduced the available Cd contents in soils significantly when the soil moisture contents were 60%～65%. Furthermore, the available Cd contents in soils with the addition of wormcast in sepiolite-amended soils were 2.24～2.72 times to single sepiolite-amended treatment, though the Cd contents in edible parts of pak choi did not change significantly(P<0.05). When soil moisture content was 100%, the available Cd contents in sepiolite-amended soils after the addition of 0.5%,1.0% and 2.0% wormcast, 1.0%,and 2.0% were increased by 1.11, 1.17, and 1.26 times, respectively. The application of 0.5% and 2.0% wormcast decreased the Cd contents in edible parts of pak choi by 55.9% and 56.8%, respectively, compared with the application of sepiolite alone. As a consequence,the coupling effect of water management and fertilizer has little impact on the remediation effectiveness of sepiolite with respect to Cd accumulation in plants when soil moisture contents maintained at 60%～65%. When the soil moisture content was 100% and the application ratio of wormcast was 0.5% or 2.0%, the coupling effect of water management and fertilizer could enhance the immobilization effect of sepiolite and further reduce Cd accumulation in pak choi.
引文
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[19]Li R Y,Zhou Z G,Xie X J,et al.Effects of dissolved organic matter on uptake and translocation of lead in Brassica chinensis and potential health risk of Pb[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2016,13(7):687.
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[23]史新杰,李卓,庄文化,等.土壤中水分和镉浓度对油菜生长发育的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报,2019,36(1):71-78.SHI Xin-jie,LI Zhuo,ZHUANG Wen-hua,et al.Effects of soil moisture and cadmium concentration on the growth of rape[J].Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment,2019,36(1):71-78
[24]狄广娟.水分管理对四个水芹品种吸收积累镉的影响[D].南京：南京林业大学,2013.DI Guang-juan.The influence of water management on growth and cadmium uptaking of water dropwort[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Forestry University,2013.
[25]唐琳.设施农业土壤镉-硝酸盐复合污染边生产边修复过程研究[D].杭州：浙江大学,2017.TANG Lin.Processes of phytoremediation coupled with agro-production of cadmium and nitrate co-contaminated soils[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2017.389
[26]唐明灯,艾绍英,王艳红,等.土壤持水量对生菜生长和镉浓度的影响[J].土壤学报,2012,49(6):1158-1163.TANG Ming-deng,AI Shao-ying,WANG Yan-hong,et al.Preliminary study for effects of soil moisture on the growth and Cd uptake of lettuce[J].Guangdong Agricultural Sciences,2012,49(6):1158-1163.
[27]Arao T,Ae N,Sugiyama M,et al.Genotypic differences in cadmium uptake and distribution in soybeans[J].Plant Soil,2003(251):247-253.
[28]崔立强,吴龙华,李娜,等.水分特征对伴矿景天生长和重金属吸收性的影响[J].土壤,2009,41(4):572-576.CUI Li-qiang,WU Long-hua,LI Na,et al.Effects of soil moisture on growth and uptake of heavy metals of Sedum plumbizincicola[J].Soil,2009,41(4):572-576.
[29]张大庚.水分和有机物料对土壤重金属镉、锌行为的影响[D].沈阳：沈阳农业大学,2006.ZHANG Da-geng.Effects of soil moisture and organic materials on the behavior of cadmium and zinc in soil[D].Shenyang:Shenyang Agricultural University,2006.
[30]Xiao Q,Wong M,Lu H,et al.Effects of cultivars and water management on cadmium accumulation in water spinach(Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.)[J].Plant Soil,2015(391):33-49.
[31]Kashem M A,Singh B R,Huq S M I,et al.Fractionation and mobility of cadmium,lead and zinc in some contaminated and non-contaminated soils of Japan[J].Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management,2011,2(9):241-249.
[32]Liang X F,Xu Y,Xu Y M,et al.Two-year stability of immobilization effect of sepiolite on Cd contaminants in paddy soil[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2016(23):12922-12931.
[33]Zhou W J,Ren L W,Zhu L Z,et al.Reducement of cadmium adsorption on clay minerals by the presence of dissolved organic matter from animal manure[J].Environmental Pollution,2017(223):247-254.
[34]Mohamed I,Ahamadou B,Li M,et al.Fractionation of copper and cadmium and their binding with soil organic matter in a contaminated soil amended with organic materials[J].J Soils Sediments,2010(10):973.
[35]Huang X C,Ho S H,Zhu S S,et al.Adaptive response of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis to accumulation of elements and translocation in Phragmites australis affected by cadmium stress[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2017(197):448-455.
[36]丁琼.土壤性质及钝化剂对镉在土壤-植物系统转移的影响[D].北京：首都师范大学,2012.DING Qiong.The effects of soil properties and soil amendments on the transfer of cadmium in soil-plant system[D].Beijing:Capital Normal University,2012.
[2]Tai Y,Li Z,McBride M B.Natural attenuation of toxic metal phytoavailability in 35-year-old sewage sludge-amended soil[J].Environ Monit Assess,2016(188):241.
[3]Peralta-Videa J R,Lopez M L,Narayan M,et al.The biochemistry of environmental heavy metal uptake by plants:Implications for the food chain[J].The International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology,2009,41(8/9):1665-1677.
[4]Huang S W,Chiang P N,Liu J C,et al.Chromate reduction on humic acid derived from a peat soil-exploration of the activated sites on HAs for chromate removal[J].Chemosphere,2012,87(6):589-594.
[5]李剑睿,徐应明,林大松,等.农田重金属污染原位钝化修复研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(4):721-728.LI Jian-rui,XU Ying-ming,LIN Da-song,et al.In situ immobilization remediation of heavy metals in contaminated soils:A review[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2014,23(4):721-728.
[6]Komarek M,Vanek A,Ettler V.Chemical stabilization of metals and arsenic in contaminated soils using oxidesea review[J].Environ Pollut,2013(172):9-22.
[7]Kumpiene J,Lagerkvist A,Maurice C.Stabilization of As,Cr,Cu,Pb and Zn in soil using amendments:A review[J].Waste Management,2008,28(1):215-225.
[8]Shi W S,Liu C G,Ding D H,et al.Immobilization of heavy metals in sewage sludge by using subcritical water technology[J].Bioresour Technol,2013(137):18-24.
[9]王林,徐应明,孙扬,等.天然黏土矿物原位钝化修复镉污染土壤的研究[J].安全与环境学报,2010,10(3):35-38.WANG Lin,XU Ying-ming,SUN Yang,et al.Immobilization of cadmium contaminated soils using natural clay minerals[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2010,10(3):35-38.
[10]孙约兵,徐应明,史新,等.海泡石对镉污染红壤的钝化修复效应研究[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(6):1465-1472.SUN Yue-bing,XU Ying-ming,SHI Xin,et al.The effects of sepiolite on immobilization remediation of Cd contaminated red soil[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2012,32(6):1465-1472.
[11]黄荣,徐应明,黄青青,等.不同水分管理下施用尿素对土壤镉污染钝化修复效应及微生物结构与分布影响[J].环境化学,2018,37(3):523-533.HUANG Rong,XU Ying-ming,HUANG Qing-qing,et al.Effects of urea on in-situ remediation of Cd polluted paddy soil and the structure and distribution of soil microbes under different water management[J].Environmental Chemistry,2018,37(3):523-533.
[12]Li J R,Xu Y M.Immobilization of Cd in a paddy soil using moisture management and amendment[J].Chemosphere,2015,122:131-136.
[13]Hu J Z,Zheng A Z,Pei D L,et al.Bioaccumulation and chemical forms of cadmium,copper and lead in aquatic plants[J].Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology,2010,53(1):235-240.
[14]王永昕,孙约兵,徐应明,等.施用鸡粪对海泡石钝化修复镉污染菜地土壤的强化效应及土壤酶活性影响[J].环境化学,2016,35(1):159-169.WANG Yong-xin,SUN Yue-bing,XU Ying-ming,et al.Enhancement of chicken manure on the immobilization remediation of cadmium contaminated vegetable soil and enzyme activity using sepiolite[J].Environmental Chemistry,2016,35(1):159-169.
[15]Fulda B,Voegelin A,Ehlert K,et al.Redox transformation,solid phase speciation and solution dynamics of copper during soil reduction and reoxidation as affected by sulfate availability[J].Geochim Cosmochim Ac,2013(123):385-402.
[16]王林,周启星.农艺措施强化重金属污染土壤的植物修复[J].中国生态农业学报,2008(3):772-777.WANG Lin,ZHOU Qi-xing.Strengthening phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils by agronomic management practices[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2008(3):772-777.
[17]Khan M A,Khan S,Khan A,et al.Soil contamination with cadmium,consequences and remediation using organic amendments[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017(601/602):1591-1605.
[18]Zhou T,Wu L H,Luo Y M,et al.Effects of organic matter fraction and compositional changes on distribution of cadmium and zinc in long-term polluted paddy soils[J].Environ Pollut,2018(232):514-522.
[19]Li R Y,Zhou Z G,Xie X J,et al.Effects of dissolved organic matter on uptake and translocation of lead in Brassica chinensis and potential health risk of Pb[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2016,13(7):687.
[20]徐素琴,程旺大.油菜、芥菜萌芽与幼苗生长的耐镉性差异[J].浙江农业科学,2005,1(6):436-438.XU Su-qin,CHENG Wang-da.Differences in response to Cd stress between rape seed and mustard during periods of germination and seedling growth[J].Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences,2005,1(6):436-438.
[21]金美芳,林明凤,施翔.镉胁迫对油菜种子萌发和根系生长的影响[J].种子,2011,30(10):70-73.JIN Mei-fang,LIN Ming-feng,SHI Xiang.Effects of Cd stress on seed germination and root growth of Brassica Napus[J].Seed,2011,30(10):70-73.
[22]江海东,周琴,李娜,等.Cd对油菜幼苗生长发育及生理特性的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2006,28(1):39-43.JIANG Hai-dong,ZHOU Qin,LI Na,et al.Effect of Cd on the growth and physiological characteristics of rape seedlings[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2006,28(1):39-43.
[23]史新杰,李卓,庄文化,等.土壤中水分和镉浓度对油菜生长发育的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报,2019,36(1):71-78.SHI Xin-jie,LI Zhuo,ZHUANG Wen-hua,et al.Effects of soil moisture and cadmium concentration on the growth of rape[J].Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment,2019,36(1):71-78
[24]狄广娟.水分管理对四个水芹品种吸收积累镉的影响[D].南京：南京林业大学,2013.DI Guang-juan.The influence of water management on growth and cadmium uptaking of water dropwort[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Forestry University,2013.
[25]唐琳.设施农业土壤镉-硝酸盐复合污染边生产边修复过程研究[D].杭州：浙江大学,2017.TANG Lin.Processes of phytoremediation coupled with agro-production of cadmium and nitrate co-contaminated soils[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2017.389
[26]唐明灯,艾绍英,王艳红,等.土壤持水量对生菜生长和镉浓度的影响[J].土壤学报,2012,49(6):1158-1163.TANG Ming-deng,AI Shao-ying,WANG Yan-hong,et al.Preliminary study for effects of soil moisture on the growth and Cd uptake of lettuce[J].Guangdong Agricultural Sciences,2012,49(6):1158-1163.
[27]Arao T,Ae N,Sugiyama M,et al.Genotypic differences in cadmium uptake and distribution in soybeans[J].Plant Soil,2003(251):247-253.
[28]崔立强,吴龙华,李娜,等.水分特征对伴矿景天生长和重金属吸收性的影响[J].土壤,2009,41(4):572-576.CUI Li-qiang,WU Long-hua,LI Na,et al.Effects of soil moisture on growth and uptake of heavy metals of Sedum plumbizincicola[J].Soil,2009,41(4):572-576.
[29]张大庚.水分和有机物料对土壤重金属镉、锌行为的影响[D].沈阳：沈阳农业大学,2006.ZHANG Da-geng.Effects of soil moisture and organic materials on the behavior of cadmium and zinc in soil[D].Shenyang:Shenyang Agricultural University,2006.
[30]Xiao Q,Wong M,Lu H,et al.Effects of cultivars and water management on cadmium accumulation in water spinach(Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.)[J].Plant Soil,2015(391):33-49.
[31]Kashem M A,Singh B R,Huq S M I,et al.Fractionation and mobility of cadmium,lead and zinc in some contaminated and non-contaminated soils of Japan[J].Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management,2011,2(9):241-249.
[32]Liang X F,Xu Y,Xu Y M,et al.Two-year stability of immobilization effect of sepiolite on Cd contaminants in paddy soil[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2016(23):12922-12931.
[33]Zhou W J,Ren L W,Zhu L Z,et al.Reducement of cadmium adsorption on clay minerals by the presence of dissolved organic matter from animal manure[J].Environmental Pollution,2017(223):247-254.
[34]Mohamed I,Ahamadou B,Li M,et al.Fractionation of copper and cadmium and their binding with soil organic matter in a contaminated soil amended with organic materials[J].J Soils Sediments,2010(10):973.
[35]Huang X C,Ho S H,Zhu S S,et al.Adaptive response of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis to accumulation of elements and translocation in Phragmites australis affected by cadmium stress[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2017(197):448-455.
[36]丁琼.土壤性质及钝化剂对镉在土壤-植物系统转移的影响[D].北京：首都师范大学,2012.DING Qiong.The effects of soil properties and soil amendments on the transfer of cadmium in soil-plant system[D].Beijing:Capital Normal University,2012.
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