基于GIS的承德市冰雹灾害风险区划
|
摘要
为了有针对性地防御冰雹灾害,应用承德市精细到乡镇的降雹频次、历史灾情、DEM数据、土地和人口密度等资料,从致灾因子、承灾体、孕灾环境、防灾减灾能力四个方面构建冰雹灾害风险评价模型。运用综合加权分析法和层次分析法计算各指标的权重,通过GIS空间分析技术实现对各评价指标栅格化,制作以栅格为基本评价单元的承德市冰雹灾害风险区划图。结果表明:承德市西北部的丰宁县冰雹灾害风险最高;中北部的围场县、隆化县、平泉县大部、滦平县北部风险较高;承德市南部的兴隆县、宽城县冰雹灾害风险较低。
To prevent hail disasters in a targeted manner,the precise data of counties was applied,which included hail frequency,historical disaster,DEM data,land and population density,etc,the risk assessment model of hail disaster was built from four aspects:disaster factor,hazard-affected body,disaster environment,and the ability of disaster prevention and mitigation. The weights of each index were calculated by using the comprehensive weighted analysis method and the analytic hierarchy process. Through GIS spatial analysis technology to realize the rasterization of each evaluation index,Chengde City hail disaster risk zoning map was drawn with grid as the basic evaluation unit. The results showed as below:the hail disaster risk of Fengning County in the northwest of Chengde City was the highest.The hail disaster risk was relatively high in the middle and north of the Chengde City,which included Weichang County,Longhua County,most of Pingquan County,and northern Luanping County. In the south of Chengde City,such as Xinglong County and Kuancheng County,the hail disaster risk were relatively low.
To prevent hail disasters in a targeted manner,the precise data of counties was applied,which included hail frequency,historical disaster,DEM data,land and population density,etc,the risk assessment model of hail disaster was built from four aspects:disaster factor,hazard-affected body,disaster environment,and the ability of disaster prevention and mitigation. The weights of each index were calculated by using the comprehensive weighted analysis method and the analytic hierarchy process. Through GIS spatial analysis technology to realize the rasterization of each evaluation index,Chengde City hail disaster risk zoning map was drawn with grid as the basic evaluation unit. The results showed as below:the hail disaster risk of Fengning County in the northwest of Chengde City was the highest.The hail disaster risk was relatively high in the middle and north of the Chengde City,which included Weichang County,Longhua County,most of Pingquan County,and northern Luanping County. In the south of Chengde City,such as Xinglong County and Kuancheng County,the hail disaster risk were relatively low.
引文
[1]董鹏捷,吴正华.北京2008年奥运期间冰雹灾害风险评估模型研究[J].暴雨灾害,2008,27(2):104.
[2]秦年秀,姜彤.基于GIS的长江中下游地区洪灾风险分区及评价[J].自然灾害学报,2005,14(5):1-7.
[3]潘冬梅,诺尔莎拉.基于干旱K指数的阿勒泰地区夏旱风险区划[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2013,7(6):68-72.
[4]贺芳芳,邵步粉.上海地区低温、雨雪、冰冻灾害的风险区划[J].气象科学,2011,31(1):33-3.
[5]梁冬坡,孙治贵,郭军,等.基于RS和GIS天津市津南区气象灾害风险区划研究[J].气象与环境学报,2016,32(6):116-121.
[6]刘敏,杨宏青,向玉春.湖北省雨涝灾害的风险评估与区划[J].长江流域资源与环境,2002,11(5):478-480.
[7]万君,周月华,王迎迎,等.基于GIS的湖北省区域洪涝灾害风险评估方法研究[J].暴雨灾害,2007,26(4):328-333.
[8]扈海波,董鹏捷,熊亚军,等.北京奥运期间冰雹灾害风险评估[J].气象,2008,34(12):84-89.
[9]董鹏捷,王建捷.北京地区冰雹灾害风险评估模型及风险区划[J].暴雨灾害,2012,31(1):29-34.
[10]丁建芳,杨敏,刘磊.河南省冰雹短期预报方法研究[J].气象与环境科学,2017,40(1):47-53.
[11]杨益,陈贞宏,王潇宇,等.基于GIS和AHP的潍坊市冰雹灾害风险区划[J].中国农业气象,2011,32(增1):203-207.
[12]赵勇军,吴新国,吉春容.库尔勒市香梨冻害及风险分布[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2011,5(1):53-57.
[2]秦年秀,姜彤.基于GIS的长江中下游地区洪灾风险分区及评价[J].自然灾害学报,2005,14(5):1-7.
[3]潘冬梅,诺尔莎拉.基于干旱K指数的阿勒泰地区夏旱风险区划[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2013,7(6):68-72.
[4]贺芳芳,邵步粉.上海地区低温、雨雪、冰冻灾害的风险区划[J].气象科学,2011,31(1):33-3.
[5]梁冬坡,孙治贵,郭军,等.基于RS和GIS天津市津南区气象灾害风险区划研究[J].气象与环境学报,2016,32(6):116-121.
[6]刘敏,杨宏青,向玉春.湖北省雨涝灾害的风险评估与区划[J].长江流域资源与环境,2002,11(5):478-480.
[7]万君,周月华,王迎迎,等.基于GIS的湖北省区域洪涝灾害风险评估方法研究[J].暴雨灾害,2007,26(4):328-333.
[8]扈海波,董鹏捷,熊亚军,等.北京奥运期间冰雹灾害风险评估[J].气象,2008,34(12):84-89.
[9]董鹏捷,王建捷.北京地区冰雹灾害风险评估模型及风险区划[J].暴雨灾害,2012,31(1):29-34.
[10]丁建芳,杨敏,刘磊.河南省冰雹短期预报方法研究[J].气象与环境科学,2017,40(1):47-53.
[11]杨益,陈贞宏,王潇宇,等.基于GIS和AHP的潍坊市冰雹灾害风险区划[J].中国农业气象,2011,32(增1):203-207.
[12]赵勇军,吴新国,吉春容.库尔勒市香梨冻害及风险分布[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2011,5(1):53-57.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |