黔中喀斯特区典型土地利用类型的土壤亲合性元素特征
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摘要
为阐明黔中喀斯特区不同土地利用类型的土壤亲合性元素特征,揭示土地利用对矿质元素的影响效应,促进农业可持续发展,本研究以玉米(Zea mays)、柚木(Tectona)、火龙果(Hylocereus undulatus)、花椒(Zanthoxylum bugeanum)、金银花(Lonicera japonica)、核桃(Juglans regia) 6种典型土地利用类型土壤为对象,测定土壤Fe、Ca、Cu等23种矿质元素含量,探讨不同亲合性元素的变化特征,分析元素间的互作效应。结果表明:(1)黔中喀斯特区各亲合性元素在不同土地利用类型之间的变化规律存在差异,玉米地土壤亲铁、亲铜元素含量较丰富,金银花群落土壤亲铜、亲气元素含量较高,核桃林土壤利于亲气、亲石元素积累,花椒林土壤亲石元素含量较高;(2)不同元素间的关联程度不同,Mn、Ca、Al与其他元素的关系较密切。黔中石漠化区可通过补充土壤铁、硫元素,改善通气性等措施调控矿质元素含量。
To clarify characteristics of soil affinity elements in soils of different landuse types in the karst area of central Guizhou,to reveal effects of landuses on mineral elements,and to promote the sustainable development of agriculture,soils of six typical landuse types,Zea Mays,Tectona,Hylocoreus undulatus,Zanthoxylum bugeanum,Lonicera japonica,and Juglans regia,were sampled and used as research subjects in the study. The contents of 23 mineral elements,such as Fe,Ca,and Cu,in soil were determined to discuss the variation characteristics of different affinity elements and to analyze the interaction effects between elements. It was found that the variation rules of different affinity elements in soils of different landuse types in the karst area of central Guizhou varied: contents of siderophile elements and chalocophile elements in soils of Zea Mays were relatively high,contents of chalocophile elements and atmophile elements in soils of Lonicera japonica were relatively high,contents of lithophile elements in soils of Zanthoxylum bugeanum were relatively high,and soils of Juglans regia tended to accumulate of atmophile elements and lithophile elements; the association degrees of different elements also varied,for instance,Mn,Ca and Al were closely related to other elements. The contents of mineral elements in soils of the central Guizhou rocky desertification area can be controlled by adding Fe and S or/and improving air permeability of soil.
To clarify characteristics of soil affinity elements in soils of different landuse types in the karst area of central Guizhou,to reveal effects of landuses on mineral elements,and to promote the sustainable development of agriculture,soils of six typical landuse types,Zea Mays,Tectona,Hylocoreus undulatus,Zanthoxylum bugeanum,Lonicera japonica,and Juglans regia,were sampled and used as research subjects in the study. The contents of 23 mineral elements,such as Fe,Ca,and Cu,in soil were determined to discuss the variation characteristics of different affinity elements and to analyze the interaction effects between elements. It was found that the variation rules of different affinity elements in soils of different landuse types in the karst area of central Guizhou varied: contents of siderophile elements and chalocophile elements in soils of Zea Mays were relatively high,contents of chalocophile elements and atmophile elements in soils of Lonicera japonica were relatively high,contents of lithophile elements in soils of Zanthoxylum bugeanum were relatively high,and soils of Juglans regia tended to accumulate of atmophile elements and lithophile elements; the association degrees of different elements also varied,for instance,Mn,Ca and Al were closely related to other elements. The contents of mineral elements in soils of the central Guizhou rocky desertification area can be controlled by adding Fe and S or/and improving air permeability of soil.
引文
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[26]秦胜金,刘景双,孙志高.三江平原湿地小叶章群落磷素积累动态与生物量动态分析[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(6):646-651.
[27]黄建国.植物营养学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2004.
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[29]孙赫,唐冬梅,秦克章,等.亲铜元素的地球化学行为研究进展及其在岩浆硫化物矿床中的应用[J].地质论评,2009,55(6):840-850.
[30]地质矿产部地质辞典办公室编辑.地质大辞典(二)矿物、岩石、地球化学分册[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.
[31]雷宏军,胡世国,潘红卫,等.土壤通气性与加氧灌溉研究进展[J].土壤学报,2017,54(2):297-308.
[2]戚长谋.元素地球化学分类探讨[J].长春地质学报,1991,21(4):361-365.
[3]谢佰承,张春霞,薛绪掌.土壤中微量元素的环境化学特性[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(z1):132-135.
[4]武婕,李玉环,李增兵,等.南四湖区农田土壤有机质和微量元素空间分布特征及影响因素[J].生态学报,2014,34(6):1596-1605.
[5]王壮,杨万勤,吴福忠,等.高山森林林窗对苔藓及土壤微量元素含量的影响[J].生态学报,2018,38(6):2111-2118.
[6]姜悦,常庆瑞,赵业婷,等.秦巴山区耕层土壤微量元素空间特征及影响因子——以镇巴县为例[J].中国水土保持科学,2013,11(6):50-57.
[7]徐烨,邓艳,曹建华,等.云南小江流域不同土地利用类型土壤微量元素的对比分析[J].中国岩溶,2018,37(5):752-760.
[8]王玉军,欧名豪.徐州农田土壤养分和重金属含量与分布研究[J].土壤学报,2017,54(6):1438-1449.
[9]贡璐,张雪妮,吕光辉,等.塔里木河上游典型绿洲不同土地利用方式下土壤质量评价[J].资源科学,2012,34(1):120-127.
[10]王维奇,徐玲琳,曾从盛,等.河口湿地植物活体-枯落物-土壤的碳氮磷生态化学计量特征[J].生态学报,2011,31(23):7119-7123.
[11]马志敏,吕一河,孙飞翔,等.黑河中游荒漠绿洲区土地利用的土壤养分效应[J].生态学报,2013,33(19):6328-6334.
[12]孙彦铭,刘克桐,贾良良,等.河北省冀中南平原区典型农田土壤肥力演变特征[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(9):164-169.
[13]盛茂银,熊康宁,崔高仰,等.贵州喀斯特石漠化地区植物多样性与土壤理化性质[J].生态学报,2015,35(2):434-448.
[14]任天祥,牟绪赞,张华,等. DZ/T0167-2006区域地球化学勘查规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[15]奚小环,任天祥,陈国光,等. DZ/T0258-2014区域地球化学调查规范(1:250000)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.
[16]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].(第3版)北京:中国农业出版社,2008.
[17] Hardy A,Langley-Turnbaugh S J,Murphy D. Trace elements in high-elevation soils on six mountains in Maine,USA[J]. Soil Horizons,2015,56(2).
[18] Lemenih M,Karltun E,Olsson M. Assessing soil chemical and physical property responses to deforestation and subsequent cultivation in smallholders forming system in Ethiopia[J]. Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,2005,105(1-2):373-386.
[19]赵串串,王媛,高瑞梅.青海省黄土丘陵区主要林分土壤微量元素丰缺状况研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(3):130-135.
[20]张晓霞,李占斌,李鹏.黄土高原草地土壤微量元素分布特征研究[J].水土保持学报,2010,24(5):45-48.
[21]孙文广,甘卓亭,孙志高,等.黄河口新生湿地土壤Fe和Mn元素的空间分布特征[J].环境科学,2013,34(11):4411-4419.
[22]邹元春,吕宪国,姜明,等.典型湿地植物与湿地农田作物铁含量的季节变化特征[J].生态学杂志,2009,28(2):216-222.
[23] Aiken G R,Mcknight D M,WershawR L. Humic substance in soil,sediment,and water:Geochemistry,isolation,and characterization[M].New York:John Wiley&Sons,1985.
[24] Singer P. Trace metals and metal-organic interactions in Natural Waters[M]. Ann Arbor:Ann Arbor Science,1974.
[25]任鹏,孙志高,赵全升,等.黄河口盐沼土壤硼和铝的分布特征[J].湿地科学,2015,13(6):728-734.
[26]秦胜金,刘景双,孙志高.三江平原湿地小叶章群落磷素积累动态与生物量动态分析[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(6):646-651.
[27]黄建国.植物营养学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2004.
[28]韩吟文.地球化学[M].北京:地质出版社,2003.
[29]孙赫,唐冬梅,秦克章,等.亲铜元素的地球化学行为研究进展及其在岩浆硫化物矿床中的应用[J].地质论评,2009,55(6):840-850.
[30]地质矿产部地质辞典办公室编辑.地质大辞典(二)矿物、岩石、地球化学分册[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.
[31]雷宏军,胡世国,潘红卫,等.土壤通气性与加氧灌溉研究进展[J].土壤学报,2017,54(2):297-308.