中国竹类植物植硅体碳研究
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摘要
植硅体碳(Phyt OC)作为陆地生态系统中重要的碳汇来源,由于其稳定性强、不易分解等特点,成为当今全球生物固定CO_2的重要手段。植硅体碳的稳定性对全球陆地土壤碳库贡献比植硅体碳储量要大得多。文中综述了中国竹林生态系统植硅体碳的研究成果与进展。研究发现,不同竹种植硅体碳的含量差异较大,同一竹种不同器官的植硅体碳储量也存在差异,在竹林土壤中植硅体碳的分布呈现出随土壤深度的增加而减少的变化趋势。中国竹林分布面积广,竹种类型多样,竹资源丰富,今后应加强对不同竹种间植硅体碳的研究,特别是进一步提高竹林生态系统中植硅体碳储量的措施,结合当下经济、社会等因素,更加突出植硅体碳带来的经济和社会效益。
Phytolith-occluded organic carbon(Phyt OC) is an important carbon source in terrestrial ecosystems, and has become an important means for global bio-immobilization of CO_2 because of its strong stability and insusceptibility to decomposition. The stability of carbon from phytoliths contributes significantly to the global terrestrial carbon pool compared to phytoplankton carbon stocks.This paper reviews the research progress and achievements of phytolith carbon of bamboo forest ecosystem in China. The study finds that the carbon content of phytoliths is quite different in different bamboo species, and even the different organs of a same bamboo have different stock of phytolith carbon. The distribution of Phyt OC in bamboo forest soil shows a trend of decreasing with increased soil depth. China boasts a large area of bamboo forests, the diverse types of bamboo species, and abundant bamboo resources. In the future, the research on Phyt OC of different bamboo species should be further studied, especially the measures to increase the storage of phytolith carbon in bamboo forest ecosystems, and more focus should be put on the economic and social benefits from Phyt OC with consideration to the current economic, social and other factors.
Phytolith-occluded organic carbon(Phyt OC) is an important carbon source in terrestrial ecosystems, and has become an important means for global bio-immobilization of CO_2 because of its strong stability and insusceptibility to decomposition. The stability of carbon from phytoliths contributes significantly to the global terrestrial carbon pool compared to phytoplankton carbon stocks.This paper reviews the research progress and achievements of phytolith carbon of bamboo forest ecosystem in China. The study finds that the carbon content of phytoliths is quite different in different bamboo species, and even the different organs of a same bamboo have different stock of phytolith carbon. The distribution of Phyt OC in bamboo forest soil shows a trend of decreasing with increased soil depth. China boasts a large area of bamboo forests, the diverse types of bamboo species, and abundant bamboo resources. In the future, the research on Phyt OC of different bamboo species should be further studied, especially the measures to increase the storage of phytolith carbon in bamboo forest ecosystems, and more focus should be put on the economic and social benefits from Phyt OC with consideration to the current economic, social and other factors.
引文
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[2]PARR J,SULLIVAN L,CHEN B H,et al.Carbon bio-sequestration within the phytoliths of economic bamboo species[J].Global Change Biology,2010,16(10):2661-2667.
[3]LI B,SONG Z,LI Z,et al.Phylogenetic variation of phytolith carbon sequestration in bamboos[J].Scientific Reports ,2014,4(4):4710.
[4]PARR J F,SULLIVAN L A.Phytolith occluded carbon and silica variability in wheat cultivars[J].Plant and Soil,2011,342(1/2):165-171.
[5]SONG Z,LIU H,SI Y,et al.The Production of phytoliths in China's grasslands:implications to the biogeochemical sequestration of atmospheric CO2[J].Global Change Biology,2012,18(12):3647-3653.
[6]LI Z,SONG Z,LI B.The production and accumulation of phytolith-occluded carbon in Baiyangdian reed wetland of China[J].Applied Geochemistry,2013,37(10):117-124.
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[8]姜钦华.植物细胞的硅化化石:植硅石[J].化石,1994(3):30.
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[11]初敬华.植物体内的硅及硅酸体[J].生物学教学,2003,28(3):5-7.
[12]HODSON M.J.Phylogenetic variation in the silicon composition of plants[J].Annals of Botany,2005,96(6):1027-1046.
[13]介冬梅,刘红梅,葛勇,等.长白山泥炭湿地主要植物植硅体形态特征研究[J].第四纪研究,2011,31(1):163-170.
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[15]CARTER J A.Atmospheric carbon isotope signatures in phytolith-occluded carbon[J].Quaternary International,2009,193(1):20-29.
[16]EPSTEIN E.The anomaly of silicon in plant biology[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,1994,91(1):11-17.
[17]QI L,LI F Y,HUANG Z,et al.Phytolith-occluded organic carbon as a mechanism for long-term carbon sequestration in a typical steppe:the predominant role of belowground productivity[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,577(3):413-419.
[18]ALEXANDRE A,MEUNIER J D,LéZINE A M,et al.Phytoliths:Indicators of grassland dynamics during the late Holocene in intertropical Africa[J].Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology,1997,136(1/2/3/4):213-229.
[19]张金林,傅伟军,周秀峰,等.典型麻竹林土壤植硅体碳的空间异质性特征[J].土壤学报,2017,54(5):1147-1156.
[20]尹帅,姜培坤,孟赐福,等.绿竹和麻竹地上部植硅体碳封存潜力[J].生态学报,2017(20):185-193.
[21]黄张婷.雷竹生态系统植硅体封存有机碳汇研究[D].杭州:浙江农林大学,2014.
[22]杨杰,吴家森,姜培坤,等.苦竹林植硅体碳与硅的研究[J].自然资源学报,2016(2):299-309.
[23]杨杰,项婷婷,姜培坤,等.绿竹生态系统植硅体碳积累与分布特征[J].浙江农林大学学报,2016,33(2):225-231.
[24]刘蕾蕾,周国模,宋照亮,等.不同生态型竹子的硅分布特征[J].浙江农林大学学报,2015,32(5):668-674.
[25]项婷婷,应雨骐,黄张婷,等.中国重要丛生竹硅储量研究[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(6):996-1004.
[26]李蓓蕾.不同竹种竹子植硅体碳汇及其与植物生理和岩性的关系研究[D].杭州:浙江农林大学,2014.
[27]冯晟斐,黄张婷,杨杰,等.三种不同生态型竹种植硅体碳汇比较研究[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(1):152-162.
[28]FRAYSSE F,POKROVSKY O S,SCHOTT J,et al.Surface properties,solubility and dissolution kinetics of bamboo phytoliths[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2008,70(8):1939-1951.
[29]FRAYSSE F,POKROVSKY O S,SCHOTT J,et al.Surface chemistry and reactivity of plant phytoliths in aqueous solutions[J].Chemical Geology,2009,258(4):197-206.
[30]刘俊霞,黄张婷,姜培坤,等.母岩与竹龄对毛竹竹叶中硅和植硅体碳含量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(9):2917-2922.
[31]黄张婷,姜培坤,宋照亮,等.不同竹龄雷竹中硅及其他营养元素吸收和积累特征[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(5):1347-1353.
[32]林益明,林鹏.绿竹林硅素动态研究[J].亚热带植物科学,1998 (2):1-6.
[33]PARR J F,SULLIVAN L A,QUIRK R.Sugarcane phytoliths:encap-sulation and sequestration of a long-lived carbon fraction[J].Sugar Tech ,2009,11(1):17-21.
[34]SONG Z,LIU H,LI B,et al.The production of phytolith-occluded carbon in China's forests:implications to biogeochemical carbon sequestration[J].Global Change Biology,2013,19(9):2907-2915.
[35]SONG Z,WANG H,JAMES P,et al.Phytolith carbon sequestration in China's croplands[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2014,53:10-15.
[36]RU N,SONG Z,LIU H,et al.Phytolith carbon sequestration in shrub-lands of North China[J].Phosphorus Sulfur and Silicon and the Related Elements,2018,10(2):455-464.
[2]PARR J,SULLIVAN L,CHEN B H,et al.Carbon bio-sequestration within the phytoliths of economic bamboo species[J].Global Change Biology,2010,16(10):2661-2667.
[3]LI B,SONG Z,LI Z,et al.Phylogenetic variation of phytolith carbon sequestration in bamboos[J].Scientific Reports ,2014,4(4):4710.
[4]PARR J F,SULLIVAN L A.Phytolith occluded carbon and silica variability in wheat cultivars[J].Plant and Soil,2011,342(1/2):165-171.
[5]SONG Z,LIU H,SI Y,et al.The Production of phytoliths in China's grasslands:implications to the biogeochemical sequestration of atmospheric CO2[J].Global Change Biology,2012,18(12):3647-3653.
[6]LI Z,SONG Z,LI B.The production and accumulation of phytolith-occluded carbon in Baiyangdian reed wetland of China[J].Applied Geochemistry,2013,37(10):117-124.
[7]王永吉.植物硅酸体研究及应用[M].北京:海洋出版社,1993.
[8]姜钦华.植物细胞的硅化化石:植硅石[J].化石,1994(3):30.
[9]PARR J F,SULLIVAN L A.Soil carbon sequestration in phytoliths[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2005,37(1):117-124.
[10]王永吉.植物硅酸体化学成分的研究[J].海洋科学进展,1998(3):33-38.
[11]初敬华.植物体内的硅及硅酸体[J].生物学教学,2003,28(3):5-7.
[12]HODSON M.J.Phylogenetic variation in the silicon composition of plants[J].Annals of Botany,2005,96(6):1027-1046.
[13]介冬梅,刘红梅,葛勇,等.长白山泥炭湿地主要植物植硅体形态特征研究[J].第四纪研究,2011,31(1):163-170.
[14]TWISS P C,SUESS E,SMITH R M.Morphological classification of grass phytoliths[J].Soil Science Society of America Proceedings,1969,33(33):128-131.
[15]CARTER J A.Atmospheric carbon isotope signatures in phytolith-occluded carbon[J].Quaternary International,2009,193(1):20-29.
[16]EPSTEIN E.The anomaly of silicon in plant biology[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,1994,91(1):11-17.
[17]QI L,LI F Y,HUANG Z,et al.Phytolith-occluded organic carbon as a mechanism for long-term carbon sequestration in a typical steppe:the predominant role of belowground productivity[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,577(3):413-419.
[18]ALEXANDRE A,MEUNIER J D,LéZINE A M,et al.Phytoliths:Indicators of grassland dynamics during the late Holocene in intertropical Africa[J].Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology,1997,136(1/2/3/4):213-229.
[19]张金林,傅伟军,周秀峰,等.典型麻竹林土壤植硅体碳的空间异质性特征[J].土壤学报,2017,54(5):1147-1156.
[20]尹帅,姜培坤,孟赐福,等.绿竹和麻竹地上部植硅体碳封存潜力[J].生态学报,2017(20):185-193.
[21]黄张婷.雷竹生态系统植硅体封存有机碳汇研究[D].杭州:浙江农林大学,2014.
[22]杨杰,吴家森,姜培坤,等.苦竹林植硅体碳与硅的研究[J].自然资源学报,2016(2):299-309.
[23]杨杰,项婷婷,姜培坤,等.绿竹生态系统植硅体碳积累与分布特征[J].浙江农林大学学报,2016,33(2):225-231.
[24]刘蕾蕾,周国模,宋照亮,等.不同生态型竹子的硅分布特征[J].浙江农林大学学报,2015,32(5):668-674.
[25]项婷婷,应雨骐,黄张婷,等.中国重要丛生竹硅储量研究[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(6):996-1004.
[26]李蓓蕾.不同竹种竹子植硅体碳汇及其与植物生理和岩性的关系研究[D].杭州:浙江农林大学,2014.
[27]冯晟斐,黄张婷,杨杰,等.三种不同生态型竹种植硅体碳汇比较研究[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(1):152-162.
[28]FRAYSSE F,POKROVSKY O S,SCHOTT J,et al.Surface properties,solubility and dissolution kinetics of bamboo phytoliths[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2008,70(8):1939-1951.
[29]FRAYSSE F,POKROVSKY O S,SCHOTT J,et al.Surface chemistry and reactivity of plant phytoliths in aqueous solutions[J].Chemical Geology,2009,258(4):197-206.
[30]刘俊霞,黄张婷,姜培坤,等.母岩与竹龄对毛竹竹叶中硅和植硅体碳含量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(9):2917-2922.
[31]黄张婷,姜培坤,宋照亮,等.不同竹龄雷竹中硅及其他营养元素吸收和积累特征[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(5):1347-1353.
[32]林益明,林鹏.绿竹林硅素动态研究[J].亚热带植物科学,1998 (2):1-6.
[33]PARR J F,SULLIVAN L A,QUIRK R.Sugarcane phytoliths:encap-sulation and sequestration of a long-lived carbon fraction[J].Sugar Tech ,2009,11(1):17-21.
[34]SONG Z,LIU H,LI B,et al.The production of phytolith-occluded carbon in China's forests:implications to biogeochemical carbon sequestration[J].Global Change Biology,2013,19(9):2907-2915.
[35]SONG Z,WANG H,JAMES P,et al.Phytolith carbon sequestration in China's croplands[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2014,53:10-15.
[36]RU N,SONG Z,LIU H,et al.Phytolith carbon sequestration in shrub-lands of North China[J].Phosphorus Sulfur and Silicon and the Related Elements,2018,10(2):455-464.