基于稳定性氧同位素分析不同树龄小叶锦鸡儿用水策略
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摘要
本研究以科尔沁沙地典型固沙植物小叶锦鸡儿(Caragana microphylla)为对象,采用氧稳定同位素技术,比较了小叶锦鸡儿群落内3、5和9年生小叶锦鸡儿生长季内土壤水、降雨与植株木质部水的δ18O值关系,并利用多元线性混合模型定量研究了不同树龄小叶锦鸡儿用水来源;结合不同树龄小叶锦鸡儿土壤水分季节特征和根系分布分析用水来源变化原因;通过评价不同树龄小叶锦鸡儿与地区水分条件适应性,分析3种树龄小叶锦鸡儿的水分竞争关系,判断群落稳定性。结果表明:根系的分布决定了不同树龄小叶锦鸡儿对水分利用的范围和选择何种用水策略的可能性,水分的分布也一定程度上影响了小叶锦鸡儿的主要用水来源。生长季内30～80 cm土层是3年生小叶锦鸡儿主要水分利用层位;30～100 cm土层是5年生小叶锦鸡儿主要水分利用层位,其中80～100 cm土层贡献率所占较大; 0～30和100～160 cm土层是9年生小叶锦鸡儿主要水分利用层位。小叶锦鸡儿群落内,不同树龄植株之间不存在强烈的水分竞争,该地区小叶锦鸡儿群落较为稳定。
Caragana microphylla is a typical sand-fixing species in Horqin sandy land. Using oxygen stable isotope technique,the relationships of δ~(18)O of soil water,precipitation and xylem water were compared among 3-,5-and 9-year-old C. microphylla individuals in the C. microphylla community during growing season. Water source of C. microphyllas with different tree ages was quantified using multiple linear mixing model. The water source of C. microphylla was analyzed according to the seasonal pattern of soil moisture and root distribution. By evaluating the adaptability of three aged C. microphylla individuals to regional water conditions,water competition of different aged individuals was analyzed to assess community stability. The results showed that root distribution determined the range of soil water use and water use strategy of different aged C. microphylla individuals,and soil water distribution also affected the main water sources of C. microphylla individuals. During the growing season,water in 30-80 cm soil layer was the main water source of three years old C. microphylla. The water in 30-100 cm soil layer was the main water source of five years old C. microphylla,with a larger contribution rate from 80-100 cm soil layer.For nine years old C. microphylla,0-30 and 100-160 cm soil layers was the main water source.There was no strong water competition among different aged C. microphylla individuals,suggesting the community is stable.
Caragana microphylla is a typical sand-fixing species in Horqin sandy land. Using oxygen stable isotope technique,the relationships of δ~(18)O of soil water,precipitation and xylem water were compared among 3-,5-and 9-year-old C. microphylla individuals in the C. microphylla community during growing season. Water source of C. microphyllas with different tree ages was quantified using multiple linear mixing model. The water source of C. microphylla was analyzed according to the seasonal pattern of soil moisture and root distribution. By evaluating the adaptability of three aged C. microphylla individuals to regional water conditions,water competition of different aged individuals was analyzed to assess community stability. The results showed that root distribution determined the range of soil water use and water use strategy of different aged C. microphylla individuals,and soil water distribution also affected the main water sources of C. microphylla individuals. During the growing season,water in 30-80 cm soil layer was the main water source of three years old C. microphylla. The water in 30-100 cm soil layer was the main water source of five years old C. microphylla,with a larger contribution rate from 80-100 cm soil layer.For nine years old C. microphylla,0-30 and 100-160 cm soil layers was the main water source.There was no strong water competition among different aged C. microphylla individuals,suggesting the community is stable.
引文
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方杰,魏雅芬,刘帅,等.2011,科尔沁沙地丘间低地樟子松人工林水分利用来源的稳定同位素解析.生态学杂志,30(9):1894-1900.
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孙江,饶文波,孙雪,等.2012.新型沙漠土壤水分真空抽提装置的研制与应用.岩矿测试,31(5):842-848.
王娟,倪健.2009.中国北方温带地区5种锦鸡儿植物的分布模拟.植物生态学报,33(1):12-24.
王平元,刘文杰,李金涛.2010.西双版纳绞杀植物斜叶榕的水分利用策略.应用生态学报,21(4):836-842.
王晓江.2008.库布齐沙漠几种沙生灌木光合、耗水及耐旱生理生态特性研究(博士学位论文).北京:北京林业大学.
杨爱国,付志祥,王玲莉,等.2018.科尔沁沙地杨树水分利用策略.北京林业大学学报,40(5):67-76.
张彬,朱建军,刘华民,等.2014.极端降水和极端干旱事件对草原生态系统的影响.植物生态学报,38(9):1008-1018.
张欢,曹俊,王化冰,等.2018.张北地区退化杨树防护林的水分利用特征.应用生态学报,29(5):1381-1388.
赵玮,张铜会,刘新平,等.2008.差巴嘎蒿灌丛土壤和根系含水量对降雨的响应.生态学杂志,27(2):151-156.
赵爱芬.1994.差巴嘎蒿和小叶锦鸡儿根系分布及生长动态的初步研究.中国草地学报.(3):15-19.
郑肖然,赵国琴,李小雁,等.2015.氢同位素在内蒙古小叶锦鸡儿灌丛水分来源研究中的应用.植物生态学报,39(2):184-196.
朱林,祁亚淑,许兴,等.2014.宁夏盐池不同坡位旱地紫苜蓿水分来源.植物生态学报,38(11):1226-1240.
朱林,许兴,赵小红,等.2012.基于18O稳定同位素对银川平原北部4种灌木夏季水分利用特征研究.西北林学院学报,27(4):24-30.
Dawson TE.1996.Determining water use by trees and forests from isotopic,energy balance and transpiration analyses:The roles of tree size and hydraulic lift.Tree Physiology,16:263-272.
Duan DY,Hua O,Song MH,et al.2008.Water sources of dominant species in three alpine ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau,China.Bulletin of Botany,50:257-264.
Ehleringer JR,Dawson TE.1992.Water uptake by plants:Perspectives from stable isotope composition.Plant,Cell&Environment,15:1073-1082.
Emerman SH,Dawson TE.1996.Hydraulic lift and its influence on the water content of the rhizosphere:An example from sugar maple,Acer saccharum.Oecologia,108:273-278.
Jackson PC,Meinzer FC,Bustamante M,et al.1999.Partitioning of soil water among tree species in a Brazilian Cerrado ecosystem.Tree Physiology,19:717-724.
Javaux M,Rothfuss Y,Vanderborght J,et al.2016.Isotopic composition of plant water sources.Nature,536:E1-E3.
Lauenroth WK,Welker JM.1998.Differential water resource use by herbaceous and woody plant life-forms in a shortgrass steppe community.Oecologia,117:504-512.
White JW,Cook ER,Lawrence JR,et al.1985.The D/H ratio of sap in trees:Implications for water sources and tree ring D/H ratios.Geochimica Acta,49:237-246.
Xu H,Li Y.2006.Water-use strategy of three central Asian desert shrubs and their responses to rain pulse events.Plant and Soil,285:5-17.
陈定帅,董正武,高磊,等.2018.不同降水条件下科尔沁沙地小叶锦鸡儿和盐蒿的水分利用动态.植物生态学报,41(12):1262-1272.
邓文平.2015.北京山区典型树种水分利用机制研究(博士学位论文):北京:北京林业大学.
段德玉,欧阳华.2007.稳定氢氧同位素在定量区分植物水分利用来源中的应用.生态环境学报,16(2):655-660.
方杰,魏雅芬,刘帅,等.2011,科尔沁沙地丘间低地樟子松人工林水分利用来源的稳定同位素解析.生态学杂志,30(9):1894-1900.
付青云.2018.科尔沁沙地不同树龄小叶锦鸡儿用水策略研究(硕士学位论文):呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学.
黄玉清,张中峰,何成新,等.2009.岩溶区青冈栎整树蒸腾的季节变化.应用生态学报,20(2):256-264.
刘树宝,陈亚宁,李卫红,等.2014.黑河下游不同林龄胡杨水分来源的D、18O同位素示踪.干旱区地理,37(5):988-995.
聂云鹏,陈洪松,王克林.2010.土层浅薄地区植物水分来源研究方法.应用生态学报,21(9):2427-2433.
彭海英,李小雁,童绍玉.2014.内蒙古典型草原小叶锦鸡儿灌丛化对水分再分配和利用的影响.生态学报,34(9):2256-2265.
孙江,饶文波,孙雪,等.2012.新型沙漠土壤水分真空抽提装置的研制与应用.岩矿测试,31(5):842-848.
王娟,倪健.2009.中国北方温带地区5种锦鸡儿植物的分布模拟.植物生态学报,33(1):12-24.
王平元,刘文杰,李金涛.2010.西双版纳绞杀植物斜叶榕的水分利用策略.应用生态学报,21(4):836-842.
王晓江.2008.库布齐沙漠几种沙生灌木光合、耗水及耐旱生理生态特性研究(博士学位论文).北京:北京林业大学.
杨爱国,付志祥,王玲莉,等.2018.科尔沁沙地杨树水分利用策略.北京林业大学学报,40(5):67-76.
张彬,朱建军,刘华民,等.2014.极端降水和极端干旱事件对草原生态系统的影响.植物生态学报,38(9):1008-1018.
张欢,曹俊,王化冰,等.2018.张北地区退化杨树防护林的水分利用特征.应用生态学报,29(5):1381-1388.
赵玮,张铜会,刘新平,等.2008.差巴嘎蒿灌丛土壤和根系含水量对降雨的响应.生态学杂志,27(2):151-156.
赵爱芬.1994.差巴嘎蒿和小叶锦鸡儿根系分布及生长动态的初步研究.中国草地学报.(3):15-19.
郑肖然,赵国琴,李小雁,等.2015.氢同位素在内蒙古小叶锦鸡儿灌丛水分来源研究中的应用.植物生态学报,39(2):184-196.
朱林,祁亚淑,许兴,等.2014.宁夏盐池不同坡位旱地紫苜蓿水分来源.植物生态学报,38(11):1226-1240.
朱林,许兴,赵小红,等.2012.基于18O稳定同位素对银川平原北部4种灌木夏季水分利用特征研究.西北林学院学报,27(4):24-30.
Dawson TE.1996.Determining water use by trees and forests from isotopic,energy balance and transpiration analyses:The roles of tree size and hydraulic lift.Tree Physiology,16:263-272.
Duan DY,Hua O,Song MH,et al.2008.Water sources of dominant species in three alpine ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau,China.Bulletin of Botany,50:257-264.
Ehleringer JR,Dawson TE.1992.Water uptake by plants:Perspectives from stable isotope composition.Plant,Cell&Environment,15:1073-1082.
Emerman SH,Dawson TE.1996.Hydraulic lift and its influence on the water content of the rhizosphere:An example from sugar maple,Acer saccharum.Oecologia,108:273-278.
Jackson PC,Meinzer FC,Bustamante M,et al.1999.Partitioning of soil water among tree species in a Brazilian Cerrado ecosystem.Tree Physiology,19:717-724.
Javaux M,Rothfuss Y,Vanderborght J,et al.2016.Isotopic composition of plant water sources.Nature,536:E1-E3.
Lauenroth WK,Welker JM.1998.Differential water resource use by herbaceous and woody plant life-forms in a shortgrass steppe community.Oecologia,117:504-512.
White JW,Cook ER,Lawrence JR,et al.1985.The D/H ratio of sap in trees:Implications for water sources and tree ring D/H ratios.Geochimica Acta,49:237-246.
Xu H,Li Y.2006.Water-use strategy of three central Asian desert shrubs and their responses to rain pulse events.Plant and Soil,285:5-17.