填方边坡碎石填土配比优化研究
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摘要
在我国黄土丘陵地区,每年因为高填方边坡失稳而造成的人员伤亡和财产损失数不胜数,有必要从高填方边坡的填料入手,开展高填方边坡失稳问题研究。以陕西某高填方边坡为例,将高填方边坡的碎石填料作为主要研究控制对象,取其边坡正在填筑的碎石填料,通过诸多室内试验测定物理力学参数、渗透性等,并借助FLAC 3D数值模拟计算其稳定性,先确定最优土石比,再确定在最优土石比下的优选级配。择优选择的级配相比之前的填料,力学性能更好,强度更高,隔水效果控制更明显,坡体的整体稳定性加强。从填方填料入手,能有效降低因回填材料不合理而引发的边坡失稳。
In the Loess Hilly Region of China,there are numerous casualties and property losses caused by the instability of high fill slope every year.Therefore,the significance of this study is to reduce the instability of high fill slope from its fillings.Taking a high filling slope in Shaanxi Province as an example,this paper takes the gravel filling of high filling slope as the main research control object.The physical and mechanical parameters and permeability of the gravel filling are determined through many laboratory tests,and the stability of the slope is calculated by numerical simulation using FLAC 3 D.First the optimal soil-rock ratio is determined,and then the optimal gradation under the optimal soil-rock ratio is obtained.Compared with previous fillings,the filling with a selected gradation has better mechanical properties,higher strength,and better water-proof performance,and,hence,the overall stability of the slope will be strengthened.With selected fillings,the instability of slope caused by unreasonable backfill materials can be effectively reduced.
In the Loess Hilly Region of China,there are numerous casualties and property losses caused by the instability of high fill slope every year.Therefore,the significance of this study is to reduce the instability of high fill slope from its fillings.Taking a high filling slope in Shaanxi Province as an example,this paper takes the gravel filling of high filling slope as the main research control object.The physical and mechanical parameters and permeability of the gravel filling are determined through many laboratory tests,and the stability of the slope is calculated by numerical simulation using FLAC 3 D.First the optimal soil-rock ratio is determined,and then the optimal gradation under the optimal soil-rock ratio is obtained.Compared with previous fillings,the filling with a selected gradation has better mechanical properties,higher strength,and better water-proof performance,and,hence,the overall stability of the slope will be strengthened.With selected fillings,the instability of slope caused by unreasonable backfill materials can be effectively reduced.
引文
[1]张硕.黄土高填方边坡失稳机理和临灾预警判据研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2015.Zhang Sh.Study on disaster warning criterion and the instability mechanism of the high embankment slope of Loess[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
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[11]陈辉,雷胜友.土的击实试验影响因素[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2005,22(2):69-71.Chen H,Lei Sh Y.Influential factors of compaction test of soil[J].Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineer,2005,22(2):69-71(in Chinese)
[12]雷晓丹,杨忠平,张晓景,等.土石混合料剪切特性及块石破碎特征研究[J].岩土力学.2018,39(3):900-916.Lei X D,Yang Zh P,Zhang X J,et al.Study on shear properties and rock block breakage characters of soilRock Mixtures[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics.2018,39(3):900-916.(in Chinese)
[13]Xiao Y,Liu H L,Chen Y M,et al.Strength and deformation of rockfill material based on large-scale triaxial compression tests.II:influence of particle breakage[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2014,140(12):04014071.
[14]王光进,杨春和,张超,等.粗粒土三轴试验数值模拟与试样颗粒初始架构初探[J].岩土力学,2011,32(2):585-592.Wang G J,Yang Ch H,Zhang Ch,et al.Numerical simulation triaxial tests for coarse-grained soil and preliminary study of initial fabric of sample grain[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(2):585-592.(in Chinese)
[15]李智飞.坡表碎石土质量密度及渗透特性的空间变异性研究[D].湘潭:湘潭大学,2015.Li Zh F.The spatial variation research for mass density and permeability characteristics of gravel soil from slope table[D].Hunan:Xiangtan University,2015(in Chinese)
[16]李桂贤.高填方边坡的稳定性分析与治理措施研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2012.Li G X.The research of the stability and the reinforcement measures of high fill slope[D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,2012.(in Chinese)
[17]朱崇辉,刘俊民,王增红.粗粒土的颗粒级配对渗透系数的影响规律研究[J].人民黄河,2005,27(12):79-81.Zhu Ch H,Liu J M,Wang Z H.Study on the influence of particle-level matching permeability coefficient of coarse grained soil[J].Yellow River,2005,27(12):79-81.(in Chinese)
[18]吴迪.工程堆载触发黄土滑坡研究[D].西安:长安大学,2015.Wu D.Reach on the loess landslide triggered by engineering loading[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2015.(in Chinese)
[2]刘宏,韩文喜,张伟元.砂砾石土料的压实特性[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版)2002,24(4):297-299.Liu H,Han W X,Zhang W Y.Compactibility of grit[J].Journal of China Three Gorges University(Natural Sciences),2002,24(4):297-299.(in Chinese)
[3]姜景山,程展林,刘汉龙,等.粗粒土二维模型试验的组构分[J].岩上工程学报,2009,31(5):811-816.Jiang J Sh,Cheng Zh L,Liu H L,et al.Fabric analysis of two-dimensional tests for coarse-grained soils[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(5):811-816.(in Chinese)
[4]ODMA.Coordination number and its relation to share strength granular materials[J].Soils and Foundations,1997,17(2):32-42.
[5]刘尧,卢廷浩.粗粒土大型单剪颗粒破碎试验研究[J].河海大学学报:自然科学版,2009,37(2):175-178.Liu Y,Lu T H.Large-scale simple shear tests of particle breakage of coarse-grained soil[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2009,37(2):175-178.(in Chinese)
[6]杨锡武,欧阳仲春.加筋高路堤陡边坡离心模型的研究[J].土木工程学报,2000(5):88-91.Yang X W,Ouyang Zh Ch.Experimental study on the strengthened steep slopes[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2000(5):88-91.(in Chinese)
[7]吴锐.大前石龄隧道边坡碎石土强度试验研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2015.Wu R.Study on the strength experiment of gravel soil in the slope of Daqianshiling Tunnel[D].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences,2015.(in Chinese)
[8]郭庆国.粗粒土的工程特性及应用[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,1998.Guo Q G.Engineering characteristics and application of coarse soil[M].Zhengzhou:The Yellow Water Conservancy Press,1998.(in Chinese)
[9]翁厚洋,朱俊高,余挺,等.粗粒料缩尺效应研究现状与趋势[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2009,37(4):425-429.Weng H Y,Zhu J G,Yu T,et al.Status quo and tendency of studies on scale effects of coarse-grained materials[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2009,37(4):425-429.(in Chinese)
[10]岩土工程勘察规范:GB50021-2009[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.Specification for geotechnical engineering investigation:GB50021-2009[S].Beijing:China Construction Industry Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[11]陈辉,雷胜友.土的击实试验影响因素[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2005,22(2):69-71.Chen H,Lei Sh Y.Influential factors of compaction test of soil[J].Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineer,2005,22(2):69-71(in Chinese)
[12]雷晓丹,杨忠平,张晓景,等.土石混合料剪切特性及块石破碎特征研究[J].岩土力学.2018,39(3):900-916.Lei X D,Yang Zh P,Zhang X J,et al.Study on shear properties and rock block breakage characters of soilRock Mixtures[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics.2018,39(3):900-916.(in Chinese)
[13]Xiao Y,Liu H L,Chen Y M,et al.Strength and deformation of rockfill material based on large-scale triaxial compression tests.II:influence of particle breakage[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2014,140(12):04014071.
[14]王光进,杨春和,张超,等.粗粒土三轴试验数值模拟与试样颗粒初始架构初探[J].岩土力学,2011,32(2):585-592.Wang G J,Yang Ch H,Zhang Ch,et al.Numerical simulation triaxial tests for coarse-grained soil and preliminary study of initial fabric of sample grain[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(2):585-592.(in Chinese)
[15]李智飞.坡表碎石土质量密度及渗透特性的空间变异性研究[D].湘潭:湘潭大学,2015.Li Zh F.The spatial variation research for mass density and permeability characteristics of gravel soil from slope table[D].Hunan:Xiangtan University,2015(in Chinese)
[16]李桂贤.高填方边坡的稳定性分析与治理措施研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2012.Li G X.The research of the stability and the reinforcement measures of high fill slope[D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,2012.(in Chinese)
[17]朱崇辉,刘俊民,王增红.粗粒土的颗粒级配对渗透系数的影响规律研究[J].人民黄河,2005,27(12):79-81.Zhu Ch H,Liu J M,Wang Z H.Study on the influence of particle-level matching permeability coefficient of coarse grained soil[J].Yellow River,2005,27(12):79-81.(in Chinese)
[18]吴迪.工程堆载触发黄土滑坡研究[D].西安:长安大学,2015.Wu D.Reach on the loess landslide triggered by engineering loading[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2015.(in Chinese)