宁德市东部海域浮游动物群落及其与水环境因子的关系
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摘要
浮游动物在海洋生态系统中发挥重要作用,也是海洋食物链的主要环节。为科学保护和评价海洋生态环境和渔业资源,文章基于2016年春、秋季宁德市东部海域的相关调查结果,采用多样性指数、丰富度指数、均匀度指数和优势度指数以及去趋势对应分析法和冗余分析法,分析浮游动物群落及其与温度、pH值、溶解氧、无机氮、无机磷和化学需氧量6个水环境因子的关系。研究结果表明:春、秋季调查共鉴定浮游动物12类67种,季节和站位差异不大,均以水母类、桡足类和浮游幼虫为主;共出现优势种18种,春、秋季分别以桡足类和水母类为主,相同优势种仅有2种;3种指数分布无明显季节差异,但秋季指数总体较高;春、秋季浮游动物种类分别与各水环境因子呈正相关或负相关关系,其中温度是影响浮游动物种类的最主要水环境因子。
Zooplankton plays an important role in marine ecosystem and is also the main link of marine food chain.In order to protect and evaluate marine ecological environment and fishery resources scientifically,based on the relevant survey results of the eastern sea area of Ningde in spring and autumn 2016,this paper used diversity index,richness index,evenness index,dominance index,de-trend correspondence analysis method and redundancy analysis method to analyze zooplankton community and its relationship with temperature,pH value,dissolved oxygen,inorganic nitrogen,inorganic phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand.The results showed that67 species of zooplankton were identified in 12 classes.There was no significant difference between seasons and stations.Jellyfish,copepods and zooplankton larvae were the main species.There were18 dominant species,copepods and jellyfish were dominant in spring and autumn,respectively.There were only 2 same dominant species in spring and autumn.There was no significant seasonal difference in the 3 index distributions,but the index was higher in autumn as a whole.In addition,zooplankton species were positively or negatively correlated with water environmental factors,and temperature was the most important factor affecting zooplankton species.
Zooplankton plays an important role in marine ecosystem and is also the main link of marine food chain.In order to protect and evaluate marine ecological environment and fishery resources scientifically,based on the relevant survey results of the eastern sea area of Ningde in spring and autumn 2016,this paper used diversity index,richness index,evenness index,dominance index,de-trend correspondence analysis method and redundancy analysis method to analyze zooplankton community and its relationship with temperature,pH value,dissolved oxygen,inorganic nitrogen,inorganic phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand.The results showed that67 species of zooplankton were identified in 12 classes.There was no significant difference between seasons and stations.Jellyfish,copepods and zooplankton larvae were the main species.There were18 dominant species,copepods and jellyfish were dominant in spring and autumn,respectively.There were only 2 same dominant species in spring and autumn.There was no significant seasonal difference in the 3 index distributions,but the index was higher in autumn as a whole.In addition,zooplankton species were positively or negatively correlated with water environmental factors,and temperature was the most important factor affecting zooplankton species.
引文
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[19]徐兆礼.东海水母类丰度的动力学特征[J].动物学报,2006,52(5):854-861.
[20]王彦国,林景宏,王春光,等.春季福建北部湾海域浙闽沿岸流消亡期浮游桡足类种类组成及其分布[J].环境科学,2012,33(6):1839-1845.
[2]林青,由文辉.滴水湖后生浮游动物群落结构分析及水质评价[J].长江流域资源与环境,2013,22(1):23-29.
[3]吴建新,阎斌伦,冯志华,等.田湾核电站海域浮游动物生态特征[J].生态学报,2011,31(21):6903-6911.
[4]于雯雯,张东菊,邹欣庆,等.海州湾海域浮游动物种类组成与丰度的季节变化[J].生态学杂志,2017,5(36):1339-1349.
[5]刘炜,李奶姜,李婕.福宁湾水质状况及其水体富营养化的初步探讨[J].海洋通报,2008,27(1):111-115.
[6]孙晓庆,董树刚.沙埕港春季浮游植物群落结构的初步研究[J].南方水产,2008,4(3):48-57.
[7]王璟,刘炜,许珠华,等.沙埕港多种环境介质中重金属的含量分布及来源分析[J].应用海洋学学报,2015,1(34):80-86.
[8]HEJCMAN M A.CCA of the vegetation environment relationships in Sudanese savannah[J].South African Journal of Botany,2006,72:256-262.
[9]VAZQUEZ G.Algal assemblages and their relationship with water quality in tropical Mexican streams with different land uses[J].Hydrobiologie,2011,667:173-189.
[10]傅明珠,孙萍,孙霞,等.锦州湾浮游植物群落结构特征及其对环境变化的响应[J].生态学报,2014,34(13):3650-3660.
[11]孙军,王小冬,宋书群.春季东海中华哲水蚤对有害藻华物种的选择性摄食[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(1):151-157.
[12]张武昌,王荣.温度对中华哲水蚤代谢率的影响[J].海洋科学,2000,24(2):42-44.
[13]于娟,张瑜,杨桂朋.饵料、温度和盐度对两种海洋桡足类摄食与排粪的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报,2012,42(7/8):45-52.
[14]徐兆礼,林茂.东海水母类多样性分布特征[J].生物多样性,2006,14(6):508-516.
[15]熊德琪.一种新的海水富营养化模糊评价法[J].海洋通报,1993,12(6):30-35.
[16]王华,刘丽萍,李娅萍.滇池春夏季浮游动物群落结构特征及与环境因子的关系[J].环境科学导刊,2016,35(6):10-16.
[17]王诚.太湖上山村水源地浮游生物与环境因子关系的研究[D].苏州:苏州科技学院,2015.
[18]冯宇墨.小兴凯湖浮游动物群落结构及其与环境因子的相关性分析[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2014.
[19]徐兆礼.东海水母类丰度的动力学特征[J].动物学报,2006,52(5):854-861.
[20]王彦国,林景宏,王春光,等.春季福建北部湾海域浙闽沿岸流消亡期浮游桡足类种类组成及其分布[J].环境科学,2012,33(6):1839-1845.