甘肃省兴隆山森林主要树种凋落叶分解速率与初始质量的关系
|
摘要
[目的]开展凋落叶分解速率研究,探讨凋落叶分解速率与初始质量的关系,为甘肃省兴隆山森林生态系统物质循环研究提供依据。[方法]采用凋落物分解袋法,以兴隆山青杄、山杨和白桦3种主要树种的凋落叶为研究对象,进行凋落叶分解速率及凋落叶初始质量的研究,明确凋落叶分解速率与初始质量的关系。[结果]青杄中龄林针叶分解速率为0.16,95%分解期为19.08a;青杄近熟林针叶分解速率为0.13,95%分解期为23.70a;山杨和白桦凋落叶分解速率均为0.11,95%分解期分别为28.57a和27.27a;山杨和白桦凋落叶分解速率明显要小于青杄针叶,这很可能是凋落叶分解主场效应和分解袋孔径较小所致。凋落叶分解速率与氮含量呈显著线性正相关,与木质素含量、碳/氮值、木质素/氮值和钾含量呈显著线性负相关,特别是与木质素含量、氮含量和木质素/氮值,相关系数均达0.700 0以上;钾含量、木质素含量、木质素/氮、碳/磷和纤维素含量是影响兴隆山森林凋落叶分解速率的重要指标。[结论]木质素/氮值是影响凋落叶分解速率的关键质量指标,凋落叶初始木质素/氮值越高,分解速率越低。
[Objective]To study the decomposition rate of litter leaf and investigate the relationship between litter decomposition rate and their initial quality in order to provide a scientific basis for forest ecosystem material circulation research in Xinglong Mountain of Gansu Province.[Methods]A field litterbag experiment was conducted in Xinglong Mountain from 2013 to 2016.Litter leaf of three main tree species including Picea wilsonii,Populus davidiana and Betula platyphylla was taken as the research object.Samples of litterbags were retrieved at May,August and November in every year.The litter decomposition rate and their initial quality were studyed.The relationship between litter decomposition rate and their initial quality were clarified.[Results]The leaf decomposition rate of P.wilsonii in middle aged forest was 0.16,and the 95% decomposition period was 19.08 a.The leaf decomposition rate of P.wilsonii in pre-mature forest was 0.13,and the 95% decomposition period was 23.70 a.The decomposition rate of litter leaf for P.davidianaand B.platyphylla was 0.11,and the 95% decomposition period was 28.57 a and 27.27 a,respectively.The decomposition rate of litter leaves of P.davidianaand B.platyphylla was significantly lower than that of the needle leaf of P.wilsonii,which was probably due to the home-field advantage of litter decomposition and smaller aperture of decomposition bags.The litter decomposition rate was positively correlated with N content,but negatively correlated with lignin content,C/N value,lignin/N and K conten.Especially,for lignin content,N content and lignin/N values,the correlation coefficients were above 0.7 000.K content,content of lignin,lignin/N,C/P and cellulose content were key indicators affecting the decomposition rate of forest litter in Xinglong Mountain.[Conclusion]Lignin/N is a key quality indicator affecting litter decomposition rate.The higher the initial lignin/N value of litter leaves,the lower the decomposition rate.
[Objective]To study the decomposition rate of litter leaf and investigate the relationship between litter decomposition rate and their initial quality in order to provide a scientific basis for forest ecosystem material circulation research in Xinglong Mountain of Gansu Province.[Methods]A field litterbag experiment was conducted in Xinglong Mountain from 2013 to 2016.Litter leaf of three main tree species including Picea wilsonii,Populus davidiana and Betula platyphylla was taken as the research object.Samples of litterbags were retrieved at May,August and November in every year.The litter decomposition rate and their initial quality were studyed.The relationship between litter decomposition rate and their initial quality were clarified.[Results]The leaf decomposition rate of P.wilsonii in middle aged forest was 0.16,and the 95% decomposition period was 19.08 a.The leaf decomposition rate of P.wilsonii in pre-mature forest was 0.13,and the 95% decomposition period was 23.70 a.The decomposition rate of litter leaf for P.davidianaand B.platyphylla was 0.11,and the 95% decomposition period was 28.57 a and 27.27 a,respectively.The decomposition rate of litter leaves of P.davidianaand B.platyphylla was significantly lower than that of the needle leaf of P.wilsonii,which was probably due to the home-field advantage of litter decomposition and smaller aperture of decomposition bags.The litter decomposition rate was positively correlated with N content,but negatively correlated with lignin content,C/N value,lignin/N and K conten.Especially,for lignin content,N content and lignin/N values,the correlation coefficients were above 0.7 000.K content,content of lignin,lignin/N,C/P and cellulose content were key indicators affecting the decomposition rate of forest litter in Xinglong Mountain.[Conclusion]Lignin/N is a key quality indicator affecting litter decomposition rate.The higher the initial lignin/N value of litter leaves,the lower the decomposition rate.
引文
[1]马玉珠,程栋梁,钟全林,等.中国森林凋落物不同组分异速比例关系[J].植物生态学报,2013,37(12):1071-1079.
[2]杨万勤,邓仁菊,张健.森林凋落物分解及其对全球气候变化的响应[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(12):2889-2895.
[3]Cheng Yi,Wang Jing,Liu Yang,et al.Litter decomposition reduces either N2O or NO production in strongly acidic coniferous and broad-leaved forest soils under anaerobic conditions[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2014,14(3):549-557.
[4]杨林,邓长春,陈亚梅,等.川西高山林线交错带凋落叶分解速率与初始质量的关系[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(12):3602-3610.
[5]Swift M J,Heal O W,Anderson J M.Decomposition in Terrestrial Ecosystems[M].California:University of California Press,1979,1-10.
[6]Berg B,McClaugherty C.Plant litter:Decomposition,Humus Formation,Carbon Sequestration[M].New York:Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg,2014.
[7]Cornwell W K,Cornelissen J H,Amatangelo K,et al.Plant species traits are the predominant control on litter decomposition rates within biomes worldwide[J].Ecology Letters,2008,11(10):1065-1071.
[8]Zhang Deqiang,Hui Dafeng,Luo Yiqi,et al.Rates of litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems:Global patterns and controlling factors[J].Journal of Plant Ecology,2008,1(2):85-93.
[9]唐仕姗,杨万勤,殷睿,等.中国森林生态系统凋落叶分解速率的分布特征及其控制因子[J].植物生态学报,2014,38(6):529-539.
[10]Berg B,Ekbohm G.Litter mass-loss rates and decomposition patterns in some needle and leaf litter types(Ⅶ):Long-term decomposition in a Scots pine forest[J].Canadian Journal of Botany,1991,69(7):1449-1456.
[11]Dyer M L,Meentemeyer V,Berg B.Apparent controls of mass loss rate of leaf litter on a regional scale[J].Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research,1990,5(1):311-323.
[12]陈法霖,江波,张凯,等.退化红壤丘陵区森林凋落物初始化学组成与分解速率的关系[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(3):565-570.
[13]李雪峰,张岩,牛丽君,等.长白山白桦(Betula platyphylla)纯林和白桦山杨(Populus davidiana)混交林凋落物的分解[J].生态学报,2007,27(5):1782-1790.
[14]彭少麟,刘强.森林凋落物动态及其对全球变暖的响应[J].生态学报,2002,22(9):1532-1544.
[15]Berg B,Steffen K T,McClaugherty C.Litter decomposition rate is dependent on litter Mn concentrations[J].Biogeochemistry,2007,82:29-39.
[16]魏强,凌雷,王多锋,等.甘肃兴隆山主要森林类型凋落物累积量及其影响因子[J].林业科学研究,2015,28(6):818-825.
[17]魏强,凌雷,柴春山,等.甘肃兴隆山不同演替阶段典型森林群落的凋落物动态[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2017,41(5):27-34.
[18]魏强,凌雷,张广忠,等.兴隆山森林群落不同演替阶段的结构特征[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(5):59-66.
[19]吕瑞恒,李国雷,刘勇,等.不同立地条件下华北落叶松叶凋落物的分解特性[J].林业科学,2012,48(2):31-37.
[20]武启骞,吴福忠,杨万勤,等.季节性雪被对高山森林凋落物分解的影响[J].植物生态学报,2013,37(4):296-305.
[21]李雪峰,韩士杰,胡艳玲,等.长白山次生针阔混交林叶凋落物中有机物分解与碳、氮和磷释放的关系[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(2):245-251.
[22]査同刚,张志强,孙阁,等.凋落物分解主场效应及其土壤生物驱动[J].生态学报,2012,32(24):7991-8000.
[23]Taylor B R,Parkinson D,Parsons W F.Nitrogen and lignin content as predictors of litter decay rates:A microcosm test[J].Ecology,1989,70(1):97-104.
[24]Constantinides M,Fownes J H.Nitrogen mineralization from leaves and litter of tropical plants:Relationship to nitrogen,lignin and soluble polyphenol concentrations[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1994,26(1):49-55.
[25]Scott N A,Binkley D.Foliage litter quality and annual net N mineralization:Comparison across North American forest sites[J].Oecologia,1997,111(2):151-159.
[26]李艳红,罗承德,杨万勤,等.桉-桤混合凋落物分解及其土壤动物群落动态[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(4):851-856.
[2]杨万勤,邓仁菊,张健.森林凋落物分解及其对全球气候变化的响应[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(12):2889-2895.
[3]Cheng Yi,Wang Jing,Liu Yang,et al.Litter decomposition reduces either N2O or NO production in strongly acidic coniferous and broad-leaved forest soils under anaerobic conditions[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2014,14(3):549-557.
[4]杨林,邓长春,陈亚梅,等.川西高山林线交错带凋落叶分解速率与初始质量的关系[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(12):3602-3610.
[5]Swift M J,Heal O W,Anderson J M.Decomposition in Terrestrial Ecosystems[M].California:University of California Press,1979,1-10.
[6]Berg B,McClaugherty C.Plant litter:Decomposition,Humus Formation,Carbon Sequestration[M].New York:Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg,2014.
[7]Cornwell W K,Cornelissen J H,Amatangelo K,et al.Plant species traits are the predominant control on litter decomposition rates within biomes worldwide[J].Ecology Letters,2008,11(10):1065-1071.
[8]Zhang Deqiang,Hui Dafeng,Luo Yiqi,et al.Rates of litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems:Global patterns and controlling factors[J].Journal of Plant Ecology,2008,1(2):85-93.
[9]唐仕姗,杨万勤,殷睿,等.中国森林生态系统凋落叶分解速率的分布特征及其控制因子[J].植物生态学报,2014,38(6):529-539.
[10]Berg B,Ekbohm G.Litter mass-loss rates and decomposition patterns in some needle and leaf litter types(Ⅶ):Long-term decomposition in a Scots pine forest[J].Canadian Journal of Botany,1991,69(7):1449-1456.
[11]Dyer M L,Meentemeyer V,Berg B.Apparent controls of mass loss rate of leaf litter on a regional scale[J].Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research,1990,5(1):311-323.
[12]陈法霖,江波,张凯,等.退化红壤丘陵区森林凋落物初始化学组成与分解速率的关系[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(3):565-570.
[13]李雪峰,张岩,牛丽君,等.长白山白桦(Betula platyphylla)纯林和白桦山杨(Populus davidiana)混交林凋落物的分解[J].生态学报,2007,27(5):1782-1790.
[14]彭少麟,刘强.森林凋落物动态及其对全球变暖的响应[J].生态学报,2002,22(9):1532-1544.
[15]Berg B,Steffen K T,McClaugherty C.Litter decomposition rate is dependent on litter Mn concentrations[J].Biogeochemistry,2007,82:29-39.
[16]魏强,凌雷,王多锋,等.甘肃兴隆山主要森林类型凋落物累积量及其影响因子[J].林业科学研究,2015,28(6):818-825.
[17]魏强,凌雷,柴春山,等.甘肃兴隆山不同演替阶段典型森林群落的凋落物动态[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2017,41(5):27-34.
[18]魏强,凌雷,张广忠,等.兴隆山森林群落不同演替阶段的结构特征[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(5):59-66.
[19]吕瑞恒,李国雷,刘勇,等.不同立地条件下华北落叶松叶凋落物的分解特性[J].林业科学,2012,48(2):31-37.
[20]武启骞,吴福忠,杨万勤,等.季节性雪被对高山森林凋落物分解的影响[J].植物生态学报,2013,37(4):296-305.
[21]李雪峰,韩士杰,胡艳玲,等.长白山次生针阔混交林叶凋落物中有机物分解与碳、氮和磷释放的关系[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(2):245-251.
[22]査同刚,张志强,孙阁,等.凋落物分解主场效应及其土壤生物驱动[J].生态学报,2012,32(24):7991-8000.
[23]Taylor B R,Parkinson D,Parsons W F.Nitrogen and lignin content as predictors of litter decay rates:A microcosm test[J].Ecology,1989,70(1):97-104.
[24]Constantinides M,Fownes J H.Nitrogen mineralization from leaves and litter of tropical plants:Relationship to nitrogen,lignin and soluble polyphenol concentrations[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1994,26(1):49-55.
[25]Scott N A,Binkley D.Foliage litter quality and annual net N mineralization:Comparison across North American forest sites[J].Oecologia,1997,111(2):151-159.
[26]李艳红,罗承德,杨万勤,等.桉-桤混合凋落物分解及其土壤动物群落动态[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(4):851-856.