武功山日本柳杉林与草甸土壤碳氮特征和pH比较
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摘要
【目的】通过研究日本柳杉Cryptomeria japonica(L.f.)D.Don造林34年后与其山地草甸土壤碳氮特征和pH的比较,为武功山山地草甸脆弱生态系统恢复建设提供理论依据。【方法】以江西武功山山地草甸为研究对象,选择具有代表性样地,采用五点取样法,采集小区内0～20 cm土层的土样,收集草甸地上凋落物,对草甸与日本柳杉林土壤凋落物碳氮指标与pH进行测定。【结果】造林会显著增加土壤全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、有效态氮、可溶性有机氮、可溶性有机碳、微生物量碳含量、凋落物有机态碳、凋落物全氮(P<0.05),但是却显著降低土壤pH(P<0.05);土壤pH与土壤有机质碳、全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、有效态氮、可溶性有机氮、可溶性有机碳、微生物量碳含量、凋落物有机态碳、凋落物全氮呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。【结论】日本柳杉造林对土壤微生物活性、土壤质量以及N矿化能力具有积极效应;造林可降低土壤pH值,土壤pH与有机物质分解存在紧密联系。
【Objective】 Relationship between carbon(C), nitrogen(N) and pH in meadow soil at the forests of Cryptomeria japonica(L. f.)D. Don after afforested 34 years previously in Mt. Wugong was studied to extract crucial information on the restoration and construction of the fragile ecosystem. 【Method】Samples from 0-20 cm soil layer and litter on the meadow ground were collected by 5-point sampling method at representative plots at the forests for the determinations of C-and N-indices and soil pH. 【Result】Planting of C. japonica significantly increased the total N, ammonium N, nitrate N, available N, soluble organic N, soluble organic C, and microbial biomass C in soil, as well as the organic C and total N in litter(P<0.05), but significantly reduced soil pH(P<0.05). Soil pH inversely correlated with the organic C, total N, ammonium N, nitrate N, available N, soluble organic N, soluble organic C, and microbial biomass C in soil, and the organic C in litter.【Conclusion】 C. japonica planting positively impacted the microbial activity as well as the quality and N mineralization capacity of the soil,and decreased the svil pH,which was closely related with the organic matter decomposition.
【Objective】 Relationship between carbon(C), nitrogen(N) and pH in meadow soil at the forests of Cryptomeria japonica(L. f.)D. Don after afforested 34 years previously in Mt. Wugong was studied to extract crucial information on the restoration and construction of the fragile ecosystem. 【Method】Samples from 0-20 cm soil layer and litter on the meadow ground were collected by 5-point sampling method at representative plots at the forests for the determinations of C-and N-indices and soil pH. 【Result】Planting of C. japonica significantly increased the total N, ammonium N, nitrate N, available N, soluble organic N, soluble organic C, and microbial biomass C in soil, as well as the organic C and total N in litter(P<0.05), but significantly reduced soil pH(P<0.05). Soil pH inversely correlated with the organic C, total N, ammonium N, nitrate N, available N, soluble organic N, soluble organic C, and microbial biomass C in soil, and the organic C in litter.【Conclusion】 C. japonica planting positively impacted the microbial activity as well as the quality and N mineralization capacity of the soil,and decreased the svil pH,which was closely related with the organic matter decomposition.
引文
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[15]JENSEN L S,MUELLER T,MAGID J,et al.Temporal variation of C and N mineralization,microbial biomass and extractable organic pools in soil after oilseed rape straw incorporation in the field[J].Soil Biology & Biochemistry,1997,29(7):1043-1055.
[16]DEYN G B D,CORNELISSEN J H C,BARDGETT R D.Plant functional traits and soil carbon sequestration in contrasting biomes[J].Ecology Letters,2010,11(5):516-531.
[17]CONTI G,DIAZ S.Plant functional diversity and carbon storage & ndash;an empirical test in semi-arid forest ecosystems[J].Journal of Ecology,2013,101(1):18-28.
[18]JIAN S,ZHAO C,FANG S,et al.Effects of different vegetation restoration on soil water storage and water balance in the Chinese Loess Plateau[J].Agricultural & Forest Meteorology,2015,206:85-96.
[19]SUGIHARA S,SHIBATA M,ZE A D M,et al.Effects of vegetation on soil microbial C,N,and P dynamics in a tropical forest and savanna of Central Africa[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2015,87:91-98.
[20]邓邦良,袁知洋,李真真,等.武功山草甸土壤有效态微量元素与有机质和pH的关系[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(3):647-650.DENG B L,YUAN Z Y,LI Z Z,et al.Relationship between Available Soil Microelement with Organic Matter and pH in Wugong Mountain Meadow[J].South China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2016,29(3):647-650.(in Chinese)
[21]刘军,冯秀智,史磊,等.生石灰用量对早竹林土壤酸碱度及有效态重金属含量的影响[J].浙江林业科技,2017,37(2):55-59.LIU J,FENG X Z,SHI L,et al.Effect of Application of CaO on Soil pH and Heavy Metal Content in Phyllostachys violascens Stands[J].Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology,2017,37(2):55-59.
[22]LIU X S,SIEMANN E,CUI C,et al.Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) invasion effects on litter,soil and microbial PLFA characteristics depend on sites and invaded forests[J].Plant and Soil,2019,438(1-2):85-99.
[23]MUELLER K E,EISSENSTAT D M,HOBBIE S E,et al.Tree species effects on coupled cycles of carbon,nitrogen,and acidity in mineral soils at a common garden experiment[J].Biogeochemistry,2012,111(1/3):601-614.
[2]ORTIZ,CARLOS,VAZQUEZ,et al.Soil organic matter dynamics after afforestation of mountain grasslands in both a Mediterranean and a temperate climate[J].Biogeochemistry,2016,131(3):1-14.
[3]王少昆,赵学勇,张铜会,等.造林对沙地土壤微生物的数量、生物量碳及酶活性的影响[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(2):529-535.WANG S K,ZHAO X Y,ZHANG T H,et al.Effects of afforestation on the abundance,Biomass Carbon and Enzymatic Activities of Soil Microorganism in Sandy Dunes[J].Journal of Desert Research,2013,33(2):529-535.(in Chinese)
[4]赵路红,李昌珍,康迪,等.黄土丘陵区植被恢复对土壤可溶性氮组分的影响[J].生态学报,2017,37(10):3533-3542.ZHAO L H,LI C Z,KANG D,et al.Effects of vegetation restoration on soil soluble nitrogen in the Loess Hilly Region[J].Acta Ecologica Sinia,2017,37(10):3533-3542.(in Chinese)
[5]DENG Q,CHENG X,HUI D,et al.Soil microbial community and its interaction with soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics following afforestation in central China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,541:230-237.
[6]刘畅,任艳林,贺金生.草地造林40年后土壤可溶性有机碳下降[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2009,45(3):511-518.LIU C,REN Y L,HE J S.Soil Dissolved Or ganic Carbon Decr eased F ollowing 40-year Grassland Affor estation[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis(Natural Science Edition),2009,45(3):511-518.(in Chinese)
[7]邓邦良.增温和氮沉降对武功山修复草甸土壤碳氮过程的影响研究[D].南昌:江西农业大学,2016.DENG B L.The effects of warming and nitrogen deposition on soil carbon and nitrogen processes in vegetation restored medow of Wugong Mountain[D].Nanchang:Jiangxi Agricultural University,2016.(in Chinese)
[8]PERZE- CRUZADO C,SANDE B,OMIL B,et al.Organic matter properties in soils afforested with Pinus radiata[J].Plant & Soil,2014,374(1-2):381-398.(in Chinese)
[9]席军强,杨自辉,郭树江,等.人工梭梭林对沙地土壤理化性质和微生物的影响[J].草业学报,2015,24(5):44-52.XI J Q,YANG Z H,GUO S J,et al.Effects of Haloxylon ammodendron planting on soil physico-chemical properties and soil microorganisms in sandy dunes[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2015,24(5):44-52.(in Chinese)
[10]赵晓蕊,郭晓敏,张金远,等.武功山山地草甸生态系统土壤无机磷垂直地带性分布特征[J].草业科学,2014,31(9):1610-1617.ZHAO X R,GUO X M,ZHANG J Y,et al.Vertical distribution character of soil in organic phosphorus in mountain meadow system of Wugong Mountain[J].Pratacultural Science,2014,31(9):1610-1617.(in Chinese)
[11]VANCE E D,BROOKES P C,JENKINSON D S.An extraction method for measuring soil microbial biomass C[J].Soil Biology & Biochemistry,1987,19(6):703-707.
[12]BROOKES P C,LANDMAN A,PRUDEN G,et al.Chloroform fumigation and the release of soil nitrogen:A rapid direct extraction method to measure microbial biomass nitrogen in soil[J].Soil Biology & Biochemistry,1985,17(6):837-842.
[13]DENG L,SHANGGUAN Z P.Afforestation drives soil carbon and nitrogen changes in China:Soil C-N dynamics following afforestation[J].Land Degradation & Development,2016,28(1)DOI:10.1002/ldr.2537.
[14]钟芳,吴永华.利用方式对兰州南部山区林草地土壤特性的影响[J].草业科学,2014,31(5):803-810.ZHONG F,WU Y H.Effects of utilization types on soil properties of forest grassland in Lanzhou South Region[J].Pratacultural Science,2014,31(5):803-810.
[15]JENSEN L S,MUELLER T,MAGID J,et al.Temporal variation of C and N mineralization,microbial biomass and extractable organic pools in soil after oilseed rape straw incorporation in the field[J].Soil Biology & Biochemistry,1997,29(7):1043-1055.
[16]DEYN G B D,CORNELISSEN J H C,BARDGETT R D.Plant functional traits and soil carbon sequestration in contrasting biomes[J].Ecology Letters,2010,11(5):516-531.
[17]CONTI G,DIAZ S.Plant functional diversity and carbon storage & ndash;an empirical test in semi-arid forest ecosystems[J].Journal of Ecology,2013,101(1):18-28.
[18]JIAN S,ZHAO C,FANG S,et al.Effects of different vegetation restoration on soil water storage and water balance in the Chinese Loess Plateau[J].Agricultural & Forest Meteorology,2015,206:85-96.
[19]SUGIHARA S,SHIBATA M,ZE A D M,et al.Effects of vegetation on soil microbial C,N,and P dynamics in a tropical forest and savanna of Central Africa[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2015,87:91-98.
[20]邓邦良,袁知洋,李真真,等.武功山草甸土壤有效态微量元素与有机质和pH的关系[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(3):647-650.DENG B L,YUAN Z Y,LI Z Z,et al.Relationship between Available Soil Microelement with Organic Matter and pH in Wugong Mountain Meadow[J].South China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2016,29(3):647-650.(in Chinese)
[21]刘军,冯秀智,史磊,等.生石灰用量对早竹林土壤酸碱度及有效态重金属含量的影响[J].浙江林业科技,2017,37(2):55-59.LIU J,FENG X Z,SHI L,et al.Effect of Application of CaO on Soil pH and Heavy Metal Content in Phyllostachys violascens Stands[J].Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology,2017,37(2):55-59.
[22]LIU X S,SIEMANN E,CUI C,et al.Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) invasion effects on litter,soil and microbial PLFA characteristics depend on sites and invaded forests[J].Plant and Soil,2019,438(1-2):85-99.
[23]MUELLER K E,EISSENSTAT D M,HOBBIE S E,et al.Tree species effects on coupled cycles of carbon,nitrogen,and acidity in mineral soils at a common garden experiment[J].Biogeochemistry,2012,111(1/3):601-614.
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