豫南稻区再生稻精确定量施肥技术探讨
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摘要
为探讨豫南稻区再生稻精确定量施肥技术的最佳用氮量,以杂交籼稻两优6326为材料,比较分析了5个不同施氮水平条件下的水稻生长、病虫害发生、倒伏等情况及产量表现,并通过经济效益曲线拟合,得出最佳用氮量。结果表明,以头季稻施氮14.8 kg/667 m~2、再生季施氮9.0 kg/667 m~2时再生稻两季产量均较高。在此施肥水平,头季稻群体适宜,后期光合速率正常,纹枯病危害和倒伏相对较轻,成熟期茎鞘干物质积累较多,有利于高节位再生芽的萌发。经济效益曲线拟合结果显示,杂交籼稻两优6326作再生稻种植全生育期适宜施N量为27.5 kg/667 m~2,产量可达847.11 kg/667 m~2。
In order to explore the optimum nitrogen applying level of precise and quantitative fertilizer application of ratoon rice in south Henan province, a field experiment was conducted to compare and analyze the growth of rice, occurrence of disease and insect pests, lodging and yield of rice under different nitrogen fertilization conditions, with Liangyou 6326 as material, and obtain the optimum nitrogen content by fitting the economic benefit curve. The results showed that, the yield of two seasons was the highest when the nitrogen fertilizer amount of main rice and ratoon rice was 14 kg/667 m~2 and 8 kg/667 m~2, respectively. Under this condition, the main rice has appropriate group, photosynthetic rate is normal in later stage of growth, occurrence of lodging and sheath blight are less, has more dry matter accumulation of stem-sheath in mature period, and is good for the germination of high level regeneration bud.Through the economic benefit curve fitting, the result showed that, the suitable N application amount of Liangyou 6326 as ratoon rice is 27.54 kg/667 m~2, and the yield could reach 847.11 kg/667 m~2.
In order to explore the optimum nitrogen applying level of precise and quantitative fertilizer application of ratoon rice in south Henan province, a field experiment was conducted to compare and analyze the growth of rice, occurrence of disease and insect pests, lodging and yield of rice under different nitrogen fertilization conditions, with Liangyou 6326 as material, and obtain the optimum nitrogen content by fitting the economic benefit curve. The results showed that, the yield of two seasons was the highest when the nitrogen fertilizer amount of main rice and ratoon rice was 14 kg/667 m~2 and 8 kg/667 m~2, respectively. Under this condition, the main rice has appropriate group, photosynthetic rate is normal in later stage of growth, occurrence of lodging and sheath blight are less, has more dry matter accumulation of stem-sheath in mature period, and is good for the germination of high level regeneration bud.Through the economic benefit curve fitting, the result showed that, the suitable N application amount of Liangyou 6326 as ratoon rice is 27.54 kg/667 m~2, and the yield could reach 847.11 kg/667 m~2.
引文
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[6]刘祥臣,丰大清,李平,等.对豫南稻区再生稻的研究与思考[J].农业科技通讯,2015(2):39-44.
[7]刘祥臣,丰大清,余贵龙,等.豫南稻区不同播期对再生稻生长发育及产量的影响[J].山东农业科学,2015(9):59-63.
[8]易镇邪,屠乃美,陈平平.杂交稻新组合再生稻头季及再生季源库特征分析[J].中国水稻科学,2005,19(3):243-248.
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[10]凌启鸿.水稻精确定量栽培理论与技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2007.
[2]宋世枝,段斌,何世界,等.影响杂交粳稻在一季中籼稻区优势发挥的障碍及栽培对策[J].杂交水稻,2010(S):441-443.
[3]丰大清,刘祥臣,乔利,等.豫南稻区“白茬田”发生原因及改良对策[J].现代农业科技,2010(6):103-104.
[4]施能浦,焦世纯.中国再生稻栽培[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1999.
[5]刘祥臣,丰大清,李平,等.豫南稻区再生稻发展的再探索[J].中国稻米,2014,20(2):29-31.
[6]刘祥臣,丰大清,李平,等.对豫南稻区再生稻的研究与思考[J].农业科技通讯,2015(2):39-44.
[7]刘祥臣,丰大清,余贵龙,等.豫南稻区不同播期对再生稻生长发育及产量的影响[J].山东农业科学,2015(9):59-63.
[8]易镇邪,屠乃美,陈平平.杂交稻新组合再生稻头季及再生季源库特征分析[J].中国水稻科学,2005,19(3):243-248.
[9]徐富贤,熊洪,朱永川,等.再生稻促芽肥高效施用量与头季稻齐穗期库源结构关系[J].西南农业学报,2006,19(5):833-837.
[10]凌启鸿.水稻精确定量栽培理论与技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2007.