外源GA_3和IAA对烤烟内源激素调控效应和常规化学成分的影响
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摘要
为了探究外源GA3和IAA对烟草生长及品质的影响,从激素和基因水平探究外源激素作用机理,探索较优激素浓度配比。采用田间试验,以烤烟品种NC71为实验材料,设置不同浓度配比的外源激素,检测了不同时期烤烟株高、干物质积累、激素含量、相关基因表达量的变化和烟叶品质的变化。结果表明,外源GA3可以显著提高烤烟株高和节距,而外源IAA相对提升较少,烟株的干物质量也随着GA3浓度提高而增大。喷施不同浓度外源GA3和IAA均可提高茎尖GA3和IAA含量并降低ABA含量,其中150 mg/L提升效果最明显,100 mg/L外源GA3和10 mg/L外源IAA次之。外源GA3能够使烟草GAI1基因表达量明显下降,IAA也能降低GAI基因的相对表达量,但效果相对较弱。喷施外源激素的烟叶总糖、还原糖、钾含量都有所增加,而总氮、烟碱、氯含量则有所下降,100 mg/L外源GA3与IAA配合施用的条件下钾氯比和糖碱比最高,品质表现较好,可在移栽后15 d喷施100 mg/L外源GA3和10 mg/L外源IAA。这些结果可以为豫中烟区烤烟喷施外源生长调节剂提供依据。
In order to study the effects of exogenous GA3 and IAA on tobacco growth regulation and chemical composition,the mechanism of exogenous hormones and the optimal hormone concentration were explored based on hormone and gene levelsexplore. Taking the flue-cured tobacco variety NC71 as the experimental material,this paper set different concentration treatments of exogenous hormones to detect the changes of plant height,dry matter accumulation,hormone content,related gene expression and tobacco leaf quality. The results showed that exogenous GA3 could significantly increase the plant height and pitch of flue-cured tobacco,while the relative increase of exogenous IAA was less, and the dry matter quality of tobacco plants increased with the increase of GA3 concentration. Spraying different concentrations of exogenous GA3 and IAA increased the content of GA3 and IAA in shoot tip and reduced the content of ABA and the effect of 150 mg/L was the most obvious,the exogenous GA3 of 100 mg/L and the exogenous IAA of 10 mg/L were the second exogenous. GA3 significantly reduced the expression of GAI1 gene in tobacco,and IAA also reduced the relative expression of GAI gene,but the effect was relatively weak.The content of total sugar,reducing sugar and potassium in tobacco leaves sprayed with exogenous hormones increased,while the contents of total nitrogen,nicotine and chlorine decreased,and potassium in the condition of 100 mg/L exogenous GA3 combined with IAA. The ratio of chlorine to sugar and alkali was the highest,and the quality was better,so 100 mg/L exogenous GA3 and 10 mg/L exogenous IAA were sprayed 15 d after transplanting according to the principle of lessness. These results provided a basis for the application of exogenous growth regulators to fluecured tobacco in the central part of Henan province tobacco area.
In order to study the effects of exogenous GA3 and IAA on tobacco growth regulation and chemical composition,the mechanism of exogenous hormones and the optimal hormone concentration were explored based on hormone and gene levelsexplore. Taking the flue-cured tobacco variety NC71 as the experimental material,this paper set different concentration treatments of exogenous hormones to detect the changes of plant height,dry matter accumulation,hormone content,related gene expression and tobacco leaf quality. The results showed that exogenous GA3 could significantly increase the plant height and pitch of flue-cured tobacco,while the relative increase of exogenous IAA was less, and the dry matter quality of tobacco plants increased with the increase of GA3 concentration. Spraying different concentrations of exogenous GA3 and IAA increased the content of GA3 and IAA in shoot tip and reduced the content of ABA and the effect of 150 mg/L was the most obvious,the exogenous GA3 of 100 mg/L and the exogenous IAA of 10 mg/L were the second exogenous. GA3 significantly reduced the expression of GAI1 gene in tobacco,and IAA also reduced the relative expression of GAI gene,but the effect was relatively weak.The content of total sugar,reducing sugar and potassium in tobacco leaves sprayed with exogenous hormones increased,while the contents of total nitrogen,nicotine and chlorine decreased,and potassium in the condition of 100 mg/L exogenous GA3 combined with IAA. The ratio of chlorine to sugar and alkali was the highest,and the quality was better,so 100 mg/L exogenous GA3 and 10 mg/L exogenous IAA were sprayed 15 d after transplanting according to the principle of lessness. These results provided a basis for the application of exogenous growth regulators to fluecured tobacco in the central part of Henan province tobacco area.
引文
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[2]张慢慢,邵惠芳,郑劲民,等.烤烟产量的主要影响因素及预测方法研究进展[J].江西农业学报,2014(10):76-80.Zhang M M,Shao H F,Zheng J M,et al.. Research advances in main influencing factors and prediction methods for fluecured tobacco yield[J]. Acta Agric. Jiangxi,2014(10):76-80.
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[4]殷英,张玉,余祥文,等.烤烟主要农艺性状与产量产值的关系研究[J].中国烟草科学,2012.33(6):18-22.Yin Y,Zhang Y,Yu X W,et al.. 2012. Relationships among main agronomic attributes and yields and output value of fluecured tobacco[J]. Chin. Tobacco Sci.,33(6):18-22.
[5]冯寒骞,李超.生长素信号转导研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2018.34(7):24-30.Feng H Q, Li C. Research advances of auxin signal transduction[J]. Biotechnol. Bull.,2018.34(7):24-30.
[6]张文明,邱慧珍,何秀成,等.外源激素对陇东旱塬烤烟主要品质指标和产量、产值的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012(3):180-183,193.Zhang W M,Qiu H Z,He X C,et al.. Effect of exogenous hormones on main quality indices,yields and output value of tobacco in arid plateau of East Gansu[J]. Agric. Res. Arid Areas,2012(3):180-183,193.
[7]母洪娜,杨秀莲,王良桂.赤霉素在农林业生产中的应用研究进展[J].江苏农业科学,2014.42(2):15-18.Mu H N,Yang X L,Wang L G,et al.. Advances in the application of gibberellin in agroforestry production[J].Jiangsu Agric. Sci.,2014.42(2):15-18.
[8]王冰,李家洋,王永红.生长素调控植物株型形成的研究进展[J].植物学通报,2006(5):443-458.Wang B,Li J Y,Wang Y H. Advances in understanding the roles of auxin involved in modulating plant architecture[J].Chin. Bull. Bot.,2006(5):443-458.
[9]宋守晔,郭战伟,刘健康,等.外源植物激素在烟草生产中的应用效果及前景展望[J].河南农业科学,2004(10):29-32.Song S Y,Guo Z W,Liu J K,et al.. Application effect and prospect of exogenous phytohormone in tobacco production[J].J. Henan Agric. Sci.,2004(10):29-32.
[10]岳川,曾建明,曹红利,等.高等植物赤霉素代谢及其信号转导通路[J].植物生理学报,2012,48(2):118-128.Yue C,Zeng J M,Cao H L,et al.. Gibberellins metabolism and signaling pathway in higher plant[J]. Plant Physiol. J.,2012,48(2):118-128.
[11]吕西洋,崔百明,段琛,等.棉花DELLA蛋白GhGAI4a基因在拟南芥中功能初步分析[J].石河子大学学报(自然科学版),2013,31(5):529-535.Lv X Y,Cui B M,Duan C,et al.. Functional analysis of cotton DELLA protein GhGAI4a gene in Arabidopsis thaliana[J]. J. Shihezi Univ.(Nat. Sci.),2013,31(5):529-535.
[12]周继华,杨铁钊,巩巧玲,等.外源GA3与ABA对烤烟茎尖内源激素调控及生长的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(3):198-202.Zhou J H,Yang T Z,Gong Q L,et al.. Effects of exogenous GA3 and ABA on endogenous hormone regulation and growth of flue-cured tobacco shoot tips[J]. Agric. Res. Arid Areas,2009,27(3):198-202.
[13]王林,朱金峰,许自成.烤烟打顶后喷施外源激素对中部烟叶品质的互作效应[J].核农学报,2016,30(12):2411-2417.Wang L,Zhu J F,Xu Z C. Interactive effects of exogenous hormone on quality of middle leaves among flue-cured tobacco after the time of topping[J]. J. Nuclear Agric. Sci.,2016,30(12):2411-2417.
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[15] Xu C N,Wang B M,Jia J Z,et al.. Effects of plant growth regulators on secondary wall thickening of cotton fibres[J].Plant Growth Regul.,2001,35(3):233-237.
[16]李园,王珊,方程.柳枝稷木质素合成酶基因F5H核心片段的克隆与表达特性的分析[J].草地学报,2012,20(5):927-934.Li Y,Wang S,Fang C,et al.. Cloning and expression analysis of partial fragments from lignin biosynthesis F5H genes in switchgrass[J]. Acta Agrestia Sin.,2012,20(5):927-934.
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[18]全国烟草标准化技术委员会. YC/T 159-2002烟草及烟草制品水溶性糖的测定连续流动法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002.
[19]熊国胜,李家洋,王永红.植物激素调控研究进展[J].科学通报,2009,54(18):2718-2733.Xiong G S,Li J Y,Wang Y H. Progress in research on plant hormone regulation[J]. Chin. Sci. Bull.,2009,54(18):2718-2733.
[20]邹焱,苏以荣.植物生长调节剂对烟草生长及营养代谢的调节作用[J].中国土壤与肥料,2006(5):10-14.Zhou Y,Su Y R. Effects of plant growth regulators on tobacco growing and metabolizing[J]. Soil Fertil. Sci. China,2006(5):10-14.
[21]王宁.植物生长调节剂在棉花上的应用[J].现代农业,2019(1):20.Wang N. Application of plant growth regulators on cotton[J].Modern Agric.,2019(1):20.
[22]张晓英,禚照卿,李秀艳,等.赤霉素在烤烟上的应用效果研究[J].现代农业科技,2018(23):150-151.Zhang X Y,Gao Z Q,Li X Y,et al.. Study on the application effect of gibberellin on flue-cured tobacco[J]. Modern Agric.Sci. Technol.,2018(23):150-151.
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