克里雅河流域植被覆盖垂直地带性分布与变化特征
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摘要
植被作为自然生态系统的重要要素和环境组分,能够反应自然地域综合体在全球气候变化与人类活动影响下的时空特征变化,因此在探讨地表过程及全球变化研究中有着举足轻重的地位。以MODIS-NDVI时间序列数据和SRTM数据为基础,利用像元二分模型对干旱区内陆河——克里雅河流域2002-2013年的植被覆盖度进行了估算,分析了该流域植被覆盖度时空变化特征及其与地形、气象因子的相互关系。结果表明:克里雅河流域植被覆盖存在着明显的垂直地带性空间差异,其海拔3 000～3 500 m范围的丘陵带平均植被覆盖度最大;过去12 a来该流域植被覆盖度整体上呈减少趋势,其中上游高山带、中游冲积扇平原带和下游沙漠带植被覆盖逐渐退化,而低山丘陵带植被覆盖变化有上升趋势并逐渐改善;总体上,流域植被覆盖与气温变化呈负相关关系,而与降水变化表现出正相关。
As an important element of natural ecosystem and environment component,vegetation can reflect the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of comprehensive geographical systems under global climatic change and human disturbance,therefore it has a pivotal role in surface process and global change research. In this paper,vegetation coverage of Keriya River Basin from 2002 to 2013 is estimated based on MODIS-NDVI time-series data and SRTM data by using dimidiate pixel model,then the correlation between spatial-temporal changes of vegetation coverage and climatic factors is analyzed. Results show that: vegetation coverage of Keriya River Basin has vertical zonal difference. On low hilly zone with the altitude of 3 000 ～ 3 500 m,the mean vegetation coverage reaches maximum value. Over the past 12 years,vegetation coverage in the basin as a whole has shown a decreasing trend,vegetation coverage in the upstream high mountain area,midstream alluvium and diluvium plain area and downstream desert vegetation decrease gradually. Vegetation coverage in the low hilly zone is on the rise and improved. Generally,in Keriya River Basin,vegetation coverage is negatively correlated with temperature,positively correlated with precipitation.
As an important element of natural ecosystem and environment component,vegetation can reflect the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of comprehensive geographical systems under global climatic change and human disturbance,therefore it has a pivotal role in surface process and global change research. In this paper,vegetation coverage of Keriya River Basin from 2002 to 2013 is estimated based on MODIS-NDVI time-series data and SRTM data by using dimidiate pixel model,then the correlation between spatial-temporal changes of vegetation coverage and climatic factors is analyzed. Results show that: vegetation coverage of Keriya River Basin has vertical zonal difference. On low hilly zone with the altitude of 3 000 ～ 3 500 m,the mean vegetation coverage reaches maximum value. Over the past 12 years,vegetation coverage in the basin as a whole has shown a decreasing trend,vegetation coverage in the upstream high mountain area,midstream alluvium and diluvium plain area and downstream desert vegetation decrease gradually. Vegetation coverage in the low hilly zone is on the rise and improved. Generally,in Keriya River Basin,vegetation coverage is negatively correlated with temperature,positively correlated with precipitation.
引文
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[2]JONES C,LOWE J,LIDDICOAT S,et al.Committed terrestrial ecosystem changes due to climate change[J].Nature Geoscience,2009,2(7):484-487.
[3]孙红雨,王长耀,牛铮,等.中国地表植被覆盖变化及其与气候因子关系——基于NOAA时间序列数据分析[J].遥感学报,1998,2(3):204-210.
[4]杨胜天,刘昌明,孙睿.近20年来黄河流域植被覆盖变化分析[J].地理学报,2002,57(6):679-684.
[5]SCHMIDT H,KAMIELI A.Remote sensing of the seasonal variability of vegetation in a semi-arid environment[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2000,45(1):43-59.
[6]信忠保,许炯心,郑伟.气候变化和人类活动对黄土高原植被覆盖变化的影响[J].中国科学:地球科学,2007,37(11):1 504-1 514.
[7]马明国,董立新,王雪梅.过去21 a中国西北植被覆盖动态监测与模拟[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(2):232-236.
[8]吴云,曾源,赵炎,等.基于MODIS数据的海河流域植被覆盖度估算及动态变化分析[J].资源科学,2010,32(7):1 417-1 424.
[9]袁丽华,蒋卫国,申文明,等.2000-2010年黄河流域植被覆盖的时空变化[J].生态学报,2013,33(24):7 798-7 806.
[10]徐兴奎,陈红,张凤.中国西北地区地表植被覆盖特征的时空变化及影响因子分析[J].环境科学,2007,28(1):41-47.
[11]田源.干旱区典型绿洲空间热环境遥感研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2009:12-17.
[12]吴炳方,卢善龙.流域遥感方法与实践[J].遥感学报,2011,15(2):201-223.
[13]王根绪,程国栋.干旱荒漠绿洲景观空间格局及其受水资源条件的影响分析[J].生态学报,2000,20(3):363-368.
[14]于田县地方志编纂委员会.于田县志[M].乌鲁木齐:新疆人民出版社,2006:94-185.
[15]李江风.新疆气候[M].北京:气象出版社,1991.
[16]牛宝茹,刘俊蓉,王政伟.干旱区植被覆盖度提取模型的建立[J].地球信息科学,2005,7(1):84-131.
[17]赵彦晖,张水若,邢瑞芳.变异系数的抽样分布及假设检验[J].重庆师范大学学报(自然科学版),2011,28(2):40-42.
[18]LI S S,YAN J P,LIU X Y,et al.Response of vegetation restoration to climate change and human activities in Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Region[J].Journal of Geographical Science,2013,23(1):98-112.
[19]JACQUIN A,SHEEREN D,LACOMBE J P.Vegetation cover degradation assessment in Madagascar savanna based on trend analysis of MODIS NDVI time series[J].International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2010,12S:S3-S10.
[20]KAWABATA A,ICHII K,YAMAGUCHI Y.Global monitoring of interannual changes in vegetation activities using NDVI and its relationships to temperature and precipitation[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,2001,22(7):1 377-1 382.
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