水下光环境对沉水植物芽库的影响及其机理研究
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摘要
水体混浊是目前湖泊面临主要环境问题,其造成沉水植被大面积退化。大多数沉水植物进行无性繁殖,其芽库动态是沉水植被更新、群落动态以及抵御外界环境压力的重要基础。然而,以往对芽库的研究大部分来自陆生植物,针对沉水植物芽库的研究还鲜见报道。通过综述近年来对国内外沉水植物的研究,以浅型湖泊浊水稳态水下光环境为切入点,阐述了浊水稳态条件下,导致沉水植物多样性及其芽库降低的可能原因与生态过程。试图建立沉水植物芽库与水下光环境的联系,探究不同水下光环境下沉水植被芽库功能多样性的响应策略。研究结果揭示了混浊水体环境中沉水植被的演替过程机理,为国内湖泊沉水植被生态恢复提供理论依据。
Water turbidity is currently the main environmental problem many lakes facing,causing extensive degradation of submerged vegetation.Most submerged macrophytes are asexually propagated,and their bud dynamics are an important basis for submerged vegetation renewal,community dynamics,and resistance to external environmental stress. However,most of the previous studies on bud banks came from terrestrial plants,and studies on submerged macrophytes bud banks have rarely been reported.Through the research on submerged macrophytes at domestic and abroad in recent years is reviewed.The steady underwater light environment of shallow lakes is taken as the entry point,and the possible causes and ecological processes of submerged macrophytes diversity and bud reduction are explained.Trying to establish the relationship between the submerged macrophyte bud pool and the underwater light environment,and to explore the response strategies of the phytoplankton functional diversity of submerged vegetation under different underwater light environments.The results of this study will reveal the succession mechanism of submerged vegetation in turbid water environment,and provide a theoretical basis for the ecological restoration of submerged vegetation in China.
Water turbidity is currently the main environmental problem many lakes facing,causing extensive degradation of submerged vegetation.Most submerged macrophytes are asexually propagated,and their bud dynamics are an important basis for submerged vegetation renewal,community dynamics,and resistance to external environmental stress. However,most of the previous studies on bud banks came from terrestrial plants,and studies on submerged macrophytes bud banks have rarely been reported.Through the research on submerged macrophytes at domestic and abroad in recent years is reviewed.The steady underwater light environment of shallow lakes is taken as the entry point,and the possible causes and ecological processes of submerged macrophytes diversity and bud reduction are explained.Trying to establish the relationship between the submerged macrophyte bud pool and the underwater light environment,and to explore the response strategies of the phytoplankton functional diversity of submerged vegetation under different underwater light environments.The results of this study will reveal the succession mechanism of submerged vegetation in turbid water environment,and provide a theoretical basis for the ecological restoration of submerged vegetation in China.
引文
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[14]LIU X,ZHANG Y,SHI K,et al.Determining critical light and hydrologic conditions for macrophyte presence in a large shallow lake:the ratio of euphotic depth to water depth[J].Ecological Indicators,2016,71:317-326.
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[19]CLARKE P J,BELL D M,LAWES M J.Testing the shifting persistence niche concept:plant resprouting along gradients of disturbance[J]. The American Naturalist,2015,185(6):747-755.
[20]KLIMESOVA J,KLIMES L. Bud banks and their role in vegetative regeneration-a literature review and proposal for simple classification and assessment[J]. Perspectives in Plant Ecology,Evolution and Systematics,2007,8(3):115-129.
[21]PARTEL M.Community ecology of absent species:hidden and dark diversity[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science,2014,25:1154-1159.
[22]PUIJALON S,PIOLA F,BORNETTE G. Abiotic stresses increase plant regeneration ability[J].Evolutionary Ecology,2008,22:493-506.
[23]FAJARDO A,PIPER F I,PFUND L,et al. Variation of mobile carbon reserves in trees at the alpine treeline ecotone is under environmental control[J]. New Phytologist,2012,195:794-802.
[24]VAN DEN ENDE W. Sugars take a central position in plant growth,development and,stress responses.A focus on apical dominance[J]. Frontiers in Plant Scicence,2014,5:313.
[25]PUIJALON S,LENA J,BORNETTE G.Interactive effects of nutrient and mechanical stresses on plant morphology[J].Annals of Botany,2007,100:1297-1305.
[26]POORTER H,NIKLAS K J,REICH P B,et al.Biomass allocation to leaves,stems and roots:meta-analyses of interspecific variation and environmental control[J].New Phytologist,2012,193(1):30-50.
[27]HUBER H,CHEN X,HENDRIKS M,et al.Plasticity as a plastic response:how submergence-induced leaf elongation in Rumex palustris depends on light and nutrient availability in its early life stage[J]. New Phytologist,2012,194(2):572-582.
[28]JANECEK S,KLIMESOVA J. Carbohydrate storage in meadow plants and its depletion after disturbance:do roots and stem-derived organs differ in their roles?[J].Oecologia,2014,175:51-61.
[29]LUO F,CHEN Y,HUANG L,et al.Shifting effects of physiological integration on performance of a clonal plant during submergence and de-submergence[J].Annals of Botany,2014,113:1265-1274.
[30]DONG B,YU G,GUO W,et al.How internode length,position and presence of leaves affect survival and growth of Alternanthera philoxeroides after fragmentation?[J]. Evolutionary Ecology,2010,24(6):1447-1461.
[31]DENG Z,CHEN X,XIE Y,et al.Effects of size and vertical distribution of buds on sprouting and plant growth of the clonal emergent macrophyte Miscanthus sacchariflorus(Poaceae)[J].Aquatic Botany,2013,104:121-126.
[32]CHEN X,DENG Z,XIE Y,et al.Effects of sediment burial disturbance on the vegetative propagation of Phalaris arundinacea with different shoot statuses[J]. Aquatic Ecology,2014,48(4):409-416.
[33]ADAMEC L.Tissue mineral nutrient content in turions of aquatic plants:does it represent a storage function?[J].Fundamental and Applied Limnology,2010,176:145-151.
[34]DALGLEISH H J,HARTNETT D C.The effects of fire frequency and grazing on tallgrass prairie productivity and plant composition are mediated through bud bank demography[J].Plant Ecology,2009:47-56.
[35]GHERARDI L A,SALA O E. Enhanced interannual precipitation variability increases plant functional diversity that in turn ameliorates negative impact on productivity[J].Ecology Letters,2015,18:1293-1300.
[36]ARTHAUD F,VALLOD D,ROBIN J,et al.Eutrophication and drought disturbance shape functional diversity and life-history traits of aquatic plants in shallow lakes[J].Aquatic Sciences,2012,74:471-481.
[37]ARTHAUD F,MOUSSET M,VALLOD D,et al. Effect of light stress from phytoplankton on the relationship between aquatic vegetation and the propagule bank in shallow lakes[J].Freshwater Biology,2012b,57:666-675.
[38]XIE D,YU D,YOU W,et al. Algae mediate submerged macrophyte response to nutrient and dissolved inorganic carbon loading:a mesocosm study on different species[J].Chemosphere,2013,93:1301-1308.
[39]SAYER C D,BURGESS A,KARI K,et al.Long-term dynamics of submerged macrophytes and algae in a small and shallow,eutrophic lake:implications for the stability of macrophyte-dominance[J]. Freshwater Biology,2010,55(3):565-583.
[40]BORNETTE G,PUIJALON S. Response of aquatic plants to abiotic factors:a review[J]. Aquatic Sciences,2011,73:1-14.
[41]LAURIDSEN T L,JEPPESEN E,DECLERCK S A J,et al.The important of environmental variables for submerged macrophytes community assemblage and coverage in shallow lakes:differences between northern and southern Europe[J].Hydrobiologia,2015,744:49-61.
[42]LEFCHECK J S,DUFFY J E. Multitrophic functional diversity predicts ecosystem functioning in experimental assemblages of estuarine consumers[J]. Ecology,2015,96(11):2973-2983.
[2]MIDDELBOE A L,MARKAGER S.Depth limits and minimum light requirements of freshwater macrophytes[J].Freshwater Biology,1997,37:553-568.
[3]HILT S,GROSS E M. Can allelopathically active submerged macrophytes stabilize clear-water states in shallow lakes?[J].Basic and Applied Ecology,2008,9(4):422-432.
[4]GURBISZ C,KEMP W M,SANFORD L P,et al.Mechanisms of storm-related loss and resilience in a large submersed plant bed[J].Estuaries and Coasts,2016,39(4):951-966.
[5]ZHANG Y L,LIU X,QIN B,et al. Aquatic vegetation in response to increased eutrophication and degraded light climate in Eastern Lake Taihu:Implications for lake ecological restoration[J].Scientific Reports,2016,6:23867.
[6]HILT S,KOHLER J,ADRIAN R,et al. Clear,crashing,turbid and back-long-term changes in macrophyte assemblages in a shallow lake[J]. Freshwater Biology,2013,58(10):2027-2036.
[7]PHILLIPS G,WILLBY N,MOSS B.Submerged macrophyte decline in shallow lakes:What have we learnt in the last forty years?[J].Aquatic Botany,2016,135:37-45.
[8]SHI K,ZHANG Y,LIU X,et al.Remote sensing of diffuse attenuation coefficient of photosynthetically active radiation in Lake Taihu using MERIS data[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment,2014,140:365-377.
[9]PAICE R L,CHAMBERS J M,ROBSON B J.Outcomes of submerged macrophyte restoration in a shallow impounded,eutrophic river[J]. Hydrobiologia,2016,778(1):179-192.
[10]S?NDERGAARD M,PHILLIPS G,HELLSTEN S,et al.Maximum growing depth of submerged macrophytes in European lakes[J].Hydrobiologia,2013,704(1):165-177.
[11]KEMP W M,BATLESON R,BERGSTROM P,et al.Habitat requirements for submerged aquatic vegetation in Chesapeake Bay:water quality,light regime,and physicalchemical factors[J].Estuaries,2004,27:363-377.
[12]ZHANG C,GAO X,WANG L,et al.Modelling the role of epiphyton and water level for submerged macrophyte development with a modified submerged aquatic vegetation model in a shallow reservoir in China[J].Ecological Engineering,2015,81:123-132.
[13]PIEPHO M.Assessing maximum depth distribution,vegetated area,and production of submerged macrophytes in shallow,turbid coastal lagoons of the southern Baltic Sea[J].Hydrobiologia,2017,794:303-316.
[14]LIU X,ZHANG Y,SHI K,et al.Determining critical light and hydrologic conditions for macrophyte presence in a large shallow lake:the ratio of euphotic depth to water depth[J].Ecological Indicators,2016,71:317-326.
[15]BENSON E J,HARTNETT D C,MANN K H.Belowground bud banks and meristem limitation in tallgrass prairie plant populations[J]. American Journal of Botany,2004,91(3):416-421.
[16]FIDELIS A,APPEZZATO-DA-GLORIA B,PILLAR V D,et al. Does disturbance affect bud bank size and belowground structures diversity in Brazilian subtropical grasslands?[J].Flora,2014,209:110-116.
[17]KLIMESOVA J,MALI'KOVA L,ROSENTHAL J,et al.Potential bud bank response to apical meristem damage and environmental variables:matching or complementing axillary meristems?[J].PLos ONE,2014,9(2):e88093.
[18]VANDER WEIDE B L,HARTNETT D C,CARTER D L.Belowground bud banks of tallgrass prairie are insensitive to multi-year,growing-season drought[J]. Ecosphere,2014,5(8):103.
[19]CLARKE P J,BELL D M,LAWES M J.Testing the shifting persistence niche concept:plant resprouting along gradients of disturbance[J]. The American Naturalist,2015,185(6):747-755.
[20]KLIMESOVA J,KLIMES L. Bud banks and their role in vegetative regeneration-a literature review and proposal for simple classification and assessment[J]. Perspectives in Plant Ecology,Evolution and Systematics,2007,8(3):115-129.
[21]PARTEL M.Community ecology of absent species:hidden and dark diversity[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science,2014,25:1154-1159.
[22]PUIJALON S,PIOLA F,BORNETTE G. Abiotic stresses increase plant regeneration ability[J].Evolutionary Ecology,2008,22:493-506.
[23]FAJARDO A,PIPER F I,PFUND L,et al. Variation of mobile carbon reserves in trees at the alpine treeline ecotone is under environmental control[J]. New Phytologist,2012,195:794-802.
[24]VAN DEN ENDE W. Sugars take a central position in plant growth,development and,stress responses.A focus on apical dominance[J]. Frontiers in Plant Scicence,2014,5:313.
[25]PUIJALON S,LENA J,BORNETTE G.Interactive effects of nutrient and mechanical stresses on plant morphology[J].Annals of Botany,2007,100:1297-1305.
[26]POORTER H,NIKLAS K J,REICH P B,et al.Biomass allocation to leaves,stems and roots:meta-analyses of interspecific variation and environmental control[J].New Phytologist,2012,193(1):30-50.
[27]HUBER H,CHEN X,HENDRIKS M,et al.Plasticity as a plastic response:how submergence-induced leaf elongation in Rumex palustris depends on light and nutrient availability in its early life stage[J]. New Phytologist,2012,194(2):572-582.
[28]JANECEK S,KLIMESOVA J. Carbohydrate storage in meadow plants and its depletion after disturbance:do roots and stem-derived organs differ in their roles?[J].Oecologia,2014,175:51-61.
[29]LUO F,CHEN Y,HUANG L,et al.Shifting effects of physiological integration on performance of a clonal plant during submergence and de-submergence[J].Annals of Botany,2014,113:1265-1274.
[30]DONG B,YU G,GUO W,et al.How internode length,position and presence of leaves affect survival and growth of Alternanthera philoxeroides after fragmentation?[J]. Evolutionary Ecology,2010,24(6):1447-1461.
[31]DENG Z,CHEN X,XIE Y,et al.Effects of size and vertical distribution of buds on sprouting and plant growth of the clonal emergent macrophyte Miscanthus sacchariflorus(Poaceae)[J].Aquatic Botany,2013,104:121-126.
[32]CHEN X,DENG Z,XIE Y,et al.Effects of sediment burial disturbance on the vegetative propagation of Phalaris arundinacea with different shoot statuses[J]. Aquatic Ecology,2014,48(4):409-416.
[33]ADAMEC L.Tissue mineral nutrient content in turions of aquatic plants:does it represent a storage function?[J].Fundamental and Applied Limnology,2010,176:145-151.
[34]DALGLEISH H J,HARTNETT D C.The effects of fire frequency and grazing on tallgrass prairie productivity and plant composition are mediated through bud bank demography[J].Plant Ecology,2009:47-56.
[35]GHERARDI L A,SALA O E. Enhanced interannual precipitation variability increases plant functional diversity that in turn ameliorates negative impact on productivity[J].Ecology Letters,2015,18:1293-1300.
[36]ARTHAUD F,VALLOD D,ROBIN J,et al.Eutrophication and drought disturbance shape functional diversity and life-history traits of aquatic plants in shallow lakes[J].Aquatic Sciences,2012,74:471-481.
[37]ARTHAUD F,MOUSSET M,VALLOD D,et al. Effect of light stress from phytoplankton on the relationship between aquatic vegetation and the propagule bank in shallow lakes[J].Freshwater Biology,2012b,57:666-675.
[38]XIE D,YU D,YOU W,et al. Algae mediate submerged macrophyte response to nutrient and dissolved inorganic carbon loading:a mesocosm study on different species[J].Chemosphere,2013,93:1301-1308.
[39]SAYER C D,BURGESS A,KARI K,et al.Long-term dynamics of submerged macrophytes and algae in a small and shallow,eutrophic lake:implications for the stability of macrophyte-dominance[J]. Freshwater Biology,2010,55(3):565-583.
[40]BORNETTE G,PUIJALON S. Response of aquatic plants to abiotic factors:a review[J]. Aquatic Sciences,2011,73:1-14.
[41]LAURIDSEN T L,JEPPESEN E,DECLERCK S A J,et al.The important of environmental variables for submerged macrophytes community assemblage and coverage in shallow lakes:differences between northern and southern Europe[J].Hydrobiologia,2015,744:49-61.
[42]LEFCHECK J S,DUFFY J E. Multitrophic functional diversity predicts ecosystem functioning in experimental assemblages of estuarine consumers[J]. Ecology,2015,96(11):2973-2983.
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