企业结构性信贷需求如何影响银行风险承担
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摘要
利用2011～2017年中国16家上市商业银行的微观数据集,构建实证模型研究企业结构性信贷需求对银行机构风险承担的影响,结果表明,小微型企业的信贷需求越强,银行机构的风险承担水平越大;而大中型企业的信贷需求对银行风险水平并没有产生明显影响。该结论在银行机构中呈现出一定的异质性。良好的银行业发展环境和较强的业务竞争能力是维系银行机构风险稳定的重要条件;且企业规模越大,银行机构越能从其信贷需求中获取更高的经济绩效。因此,商业银行应当优化其信贷考核制度,针对小微企业信贷需求进行单列考核;同时,地方政府应当积极主动介入,针对小微企业的信贷需求提供一定的信贷辅助支持,以更好地激发国民经济活力。
Based on the macro-data set on 16 listed commercial banks of China from 2011 to 2017,we built an empirical model to investigate the impacts of enterprises' structural credit demand on the risk taking of banks. The findings are summarized as follows: 1) for small and micro enterprises,the stronger the demand for credit,the higher the risk taking of banks; 2) for large and medium enterprises,the credit demand had no obvious impacts on the risk taking of banks.The conclusion had a certain degree of heterogeneity among the banks. A favorable environment for the banking industry along with strong competitive ability is essential for maintaining the risk stability of banks. The larger the scale of the enterprise,the more likely banks were to attain higher economic performance from enterprises' demand for credit. Therefore,commercial banks should optimize their credit appraisal systems and appraise the credit demand of small and micro enterprises separately. In addition,local governments should provide certain auxiliary support to satisfy the credit demand of small and micro enterprises,thus stimulating the vitality of national economy.
Based on the macro-data set on 16 listed commercial banks of China from 2011 to 2017,we built an empirical model to investigate the impacts of enterprises' structural credit demand on the risk taking of banks. The findings are summarized as follows: 1) for small and micro enterprises,the stronger the demand for credit,the higher the risk taking of banks; 2) for large and medium enterprises,the credit demand had no obvious impacts on the risk taking of banks.The conclusion had a certain degree of heterogeneity among the banks. A favorable environment for the banking industry along with strong competitive ability is essential for maintaining the risk stability of banks. The larger the scale of the enterprise,the more likely banks were to attain higher economic performance from enterprises' demand for credit. Therefore,commercial banks should optimize their credit appraisal systems and appraise the credit demand of small and micro enterprises separately. In addition,local governments should provide certain auxiliary support to satisfy the credit demand of small and micro enterprises,thus stimulating the vitality of national economy.
引文
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[12]周凡.竞争对银行风险的影响及传导机制研究[J].金融经济学研究,2019(1).
[13]白俊,连立帅.信贷资金配置差异:所有制歧视抑或禀赋差异?[J].管理世界,2012(6).
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[15]刘斌斌,黄吉焱.金融结构对地区信贷资金配置效率的影响——基于企业规模差异视角[J].金融经济学研究,2017(3).
[16]Berger A. N.,and Udell G. F.,2002. Small Business Credit Availability and Relationship Lending:The Importance of Bank Organisational Structure. The Economic Journal,Vol. 112,No. 1:32-53.
[17]Laeven L.,and Levine R.,2009. Bank Governance,Regulation and Risk Taking. Journal of Financial Economics,Vol. 93,No. 2:259-275.
[2]刘莉亚,余晶晶,杨金强,朱小能.竞争之于银行信贷结构调整是双刃剑吗?——中国利率市场化进程的微观证据[J].经济研究,2017(5).
[3]Jiménez G.,Lopez J. A.,and Saurina J.,2013. How does Competition Affect Bank Risk-taking? Journal of Financial Stability,Vol. 9,No. 2:185-195.
[4]郭晔,赵静.存款竞争、影子银行与银行系统风险——基于中国上市银行微观数据的实证研究[J].金融研究,2017(6).
[5]González V. M.,and González F.,2014. Banking Liberalization and Firms'Debt Structure:International Evidence. International Review of Economics&Finance,No. 29:466-482.
[6]张宗益,吴恒宇,吴俊.商业银行价格竞争与风险行为关系——基于贷款利率市场化的经验研究[J].金融研究,2012(7).
[7]Bougheas S.,Mizen P.,and Yalcin C.,2006. Access to External Finance:Theory and Evidence on the Impact of Monetary Policy and Firm-specific Characteristics. Journal of Banking&Finance,Vol. 30,No. 1:199-227.
[8]Cull R.,and Xu L. C.,2003. Who Gets Credit? The Behavior of Bureaucrats and State Banks in Allocating Credit to Chinese State-owned Enterprises. Journal of Development Economics,Vol. 71,No. 2:533-559.
[9]张捷,王霄.中小微企业金融成长周期与融资结构变化[J].世界经济,2002(9).
[10]栾小华.中国商业银行信贷资源投放效果研究[J].世界经济文汇,2018(2).
[11]Kano M.,Uchida H.,Udell G. F.,and Watanabe W.,2011. Information Verifiability,Bank Organization,Bank Competition and Bank-borrower Relationships. Journal of Banking&Finance,Vol. 35,No. 4:935-954.
[12]周凡.竞争对银行风险的影响及传导机制研究[J].金融经济学研究,2019(1).
[13]白俊,连立帅.信贷资金配置差异:所有制歧视抑或禀赋差异?[J].管理世界,2012(6).
[14]钱龙.信息不对称与中小企业信贷风险缓释机制研究[J].金融研究,2015(10).
[15]刘斌斌,黄吉焱.金融结构对地区信贷资金配置效率的影响——基于企业规模差异视角[J].金融经济学研究,2017(3).
[16]Berger A. N.,and Udell G. F.,2002. Small Business Credit Availability and Relationship Lending:The Importance of Bank Organisational Structure. The Economic Journal,Vol. 112,No. 1:32-53.
[17]Laeven L.,and Levine R.,2009. Bank Governance,Regulation and Risk Taking. Journal of Financial Economics,Vol. 93,No. 2:259-275.