废旧LiNi_(1-x-y)Co_xMn_yO_2和LiFePO_4动力电池湿法回收技术的研究现状
|
摘要
近年来,随着新能源电动汽车市场的发展,废旧动力锂电池将迎来回收热潮。锂电池的回收方法有火法冶金、湿法冶金、生物处理法等。其中,湿法回收技术的应用最为广泛。本文分析了几种锂电池回收技术的特点与不足,并分别以LiNi_(1-x-y)Co_xMn_yO_2与LiFePO_4电池为研究对象,介绍了其湿法回收处理的研究进展,总结了现有技术存在的问题。整体来看,动力锂电池的回收技术仍存在一些局限性,需要探究成本低、污染小的回收技术路线,同时,配合健全的市场机制与运营模式,建立完整的废旧锂电池资源化循环利用体系。
In recent years, with the expansion of the electric vehicle market, there will be a large number of waste power batteries. There are several kinds of technologies for the recovery of lithium batteries, such as thermometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and biological treatment technology, etc. The hydrometallurgy are the most widely used technology. In this paper, the characteristics and shortcomings of several current technologies for the recovery of lithium battery were analyzed and compared. The research progress of hydrometallurgy for the recovery of LiNi_(1-x-y)Co_xMn_yO_2 and LiFePO_4 were introduced. Moreover, the existing problems are summarized. On the whole, there are still some limitations for the recycling technologies of power lithium batteries. It needs to explore a low-cost and less-polluted technology, and it is also required to establish a complete market mechanism and operation mode, achieving a multidimensional resource recycling system.
In recent years, with the expansion of the electric vehicle market, there will be a large number of waste power batteries. There are several kinds of technologies for the recovery of lithium batteries, such as thermometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and biological treatment technology, etc. The hydrometallurgy are the most widely used technology. In this paper, the characteristics and shortcomings of several current technologies for the recovery of lithium battery were analyzed and compared. The research progress of hydrometallurgy for the recovery of LiNi_(1-x-y)Co_xMn_yO_2 and LiFePO_4 were introduced. Moreover, the existing problems are summarized. On the whole, there are still some limitations for the recycling technologies of power lithium batteries. It needs to explore a low-cost and less-polluted technology, and it is also required to establish a complete market mechanism and operation mode, achieving a multidimensional resource recycling system.
引文
1 Torkaman R,Asadollahzadeh M,Torab-Mostaedi M,etal.Recovery of cobalt from spent lithium ion batteries by using acidic and basic extractants in solvent extraction process[J].Separation&Purification Technology,2017,186(10):318-325.
2 Fan E,Li L,Zhang X,etal.Selective Recovery of Li and Fe from Spent Lithium-IonBatteries by an Environmentally Friendly Mechanochemical Approach[J].Acs Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2018,6(8):11029-11035.
3 Biswal B K,Jadhav U U,Madhaiyan M,etal.Biological Leaching and Chemical Precipitation Methodsfor Recovery of Co and Li from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries[J].Acs Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2018,6(9):12343-12352.
4 Gao W,Song J,Cao H,etal.Selective recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries-Process development and kinetics evaluation[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,178(3):833-845.
5 Cheng Y P,Yang L,Shi J,etal.The recovery of lithium cobalt oxides from spent Li-ion batteries and its electrochemical performances[C].IEEE.Proceedings of 2016 IEEE International Conference on Power and Renewable Energy(ICPRE 2016).New York:IEEE Press,2017.223-227.
6 Gao W,Liu C,Cao H,etal.Comprehensive evaluation on effective leaching of critical metals from spent lithiumion batteries[J].Waste Management,2018,75(5):477-485.
7 Sun C,Xu L,Chen X,etal.Sustainable recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries using DL-malic acid:Leaching and kinetics aspect[J].Waste Management&Research,2017,36(2):113-120.
8 Cao Z,Zheng X,Cao H,etal.Efficient reuse of anode scrap from lithium-ion batteries as cathode for pollutant degradation in electro-Fenton process:Role of different recovery processes[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2018,337(1):256-264.
9 Wang R C,Lin Y C,Wu S H.A novel recovery process of metal values from the cathode active materials of the Lithium-ion secondary batteries[J].Hydrometallurgy,2009,99(3):194-201.
10 He L P,Sun S Y,Song X F,etal.Leaching process for recovering valuable metals from the LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2,cathode of lithium-ion batteries[J].Waste Management,2017,(64):171-181.
11 谌谷春,唐新村,王志敏.废旧锂电池中镍钴锰的回收及正极材料LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2的制备[J].无机化学学报,2010,27(10):1987-1992.
12 Yang L,Xi G,Xi Y.Recovery of Co,Mn,Ni,and Li from spent Lithium-ion batteries for the preparation of LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2 cathode materials[J].Ceramics International,2015,41(9):11498-11503.
13 Zhang X,Xie Y,Cao H,etal.A novel process for recycling and resynthesizing LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 from the cathode scraps intended for lithium-ion batteries[J].Waste Management,2014,34(9):1715-1724.
14 Weng Y,Xu S,Huang G,etal.Synthesis and Performance of Li[(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)1-xMgx]O2 Prepared from Spent Lithium Ion Batteries[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2013,246(2):163-172.
15 高马也,邬建勋,牛素艳,等.柠檬酸浸出废弃电池材料中镍钴锰金属的研究[J].环境科学与管理,2016,41(4):68-70.
16 Chen X.Hydrometallurgical process for the recovery of metal values from spent lithium-ion batteries in citric acid media[J].Waste Management,2014,32(11):2083-2093.
17 Li L,Bian Y,Zhang X,etal.Process for recycling mixed-cathode materials from spent lithiumion batteries and kinetics of leaching[J].Waste Management,2018,71(1):362-371.
18 牛全海.废旧磷酸铁锂电池制备锂铁氧体的研究[D].新乡:河南师范大学,2014.
19 Pagnanelli F,Moscardini E,Altimari P,etal.Leaching of electrodic powders from lithium ion batteries:Optimization of operating conditions and effect of physical pretreatment for waste fraction retrieval[J].Waste Management,2017,60(2):706-715.
20 谢英豪,余海军,欧彦楠,等.从废旧动力电池中回收制备磷酸铁锂[J].电源技术,2014,38(12):2239-2241.
21 潘英俊.以磷酸铁锂为正极材料的废旧锂离子电池回收及再利用[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.
22 Li L,Jun L,Longyu Z,etal.A facile recovery process for cathodes from spent lithium iron phosphate batteries by using oxalic acid[J].CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems,2018,4(2):219-225.
23 Jiang S,Li Y,Cheng Y P.Study on Mn Recycling in Zn-Mn Battery and its Reutilization in Lithium-Ion Batteries[J].Key Engineering Materials,2017,729(2):35-39.
24 戴长松,郑茹娟,刘元龙,等.磷酸铁锂电池中回收电池级磷酸铁及利用废旧磷酸铁锂电池制备磷酸铁锂正极材料的方法:中国,CN104953200A[P].2015-09-30.
25 刘银玲,赵璐璐,郭琳娜.维生素C溶解废旧锂离子电池正极材料锰酸锂的研究[J].南阳师范学院学报,2015,14(9):27-31.
26 Yue Y,Singh H,Singh B,etal.Torrefaction of sorghum biomass to improve fuel properties[J].Bioresource Technology,2017,232(5):372-379.
2 Fan E,Li L,Zhang X,etal.Selective Recovery of Li and Fe from Spent Lithium-IonBatteries by an Environmentally Friendly Mechanochemical Approach[J].Acs Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2018,6(8):11029-11035.
3 Biswal B K,Jadhav U U,Madhaiyan M,etal.Biological Leaching and Chemical Precipitation Methodsfor Recovery of Co and Li from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries[J].Acs Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2018,6(9):12343-12352.
4 Gao W,Song J,Cao H,etal.Selective recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries-Process development and kinetics evaluation[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,178(3):833-845.
5 Cheng Y P,Yang L,Shi J,etal.The recovery of lithium cobalt oxides from spent Li-ion batteries and its electrochemical performances[C].IEEE.Proceedings of 2016 IEEE International Conference on Power and Renewable Energy(ICPRE 2016).New York:IEEE Press,2017.223-227.
6 Gao W,Liu C,Cao H,etal.Comprehensive evaluation on effective leaching of critical metals from spent lithiumion batteries[J].Waste Management,2018,75(5):477-485.
7 Sun C,Xu L,Chen X,etal.Sustainable recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries using DL-malic acid:Leaching and kinetics aspect[J].Waste Management&Research,2017,36(2):113-120.
8 Cao Z,Zheng X,Cao H,etal.Efficient reuse of anode scrap from lithium-ion batteries as cathode for pollutant degradation in electro-Fenton process:Role of different recovery processes[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2018,337(1):256-264.
9 Wang R C,Lin Y C,Wu S H.A novel recovery process of metal values from the cathode active materials of the Lithium-ion secondary batteries[J].Hydrometallurgy,2009,99(3):194-201.
10 He L P,Sun S Y,Song X F,etal.Leaching process for recovering valuable metals from the LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2,cathode of lithium-ion batteries[J].Waste Management,2017,(64):171-181.
11 谌谷春,唐新村,王志敏.废旧锂电池中镍钴锰的回收及正极材料LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2的制备[J].无机化学学报,2010,27(10):1987-1992.
12 Yang L,Xi G,Xi Y.Recovery of Co,Mn,Ni,and Li from spent Lithium-ion batteries for the preparation of LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2 cathode materials[J].Ceramics International,2015,41(9):11498-11503.
13 Zhang X,Xie Y,Cao H,etal.A novel process for recycling and resynthesizing LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 from the cathode scraps intended for lithium-ion batteries[J].Waste Management,2014,34(9):1715-1724.
14 Weng Y,Xu S,Huang G,etal.Synthesis and Performance of Li[(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)1-xMgx]O2 Prepared from Spent Lithium Ion Batteries[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2013,246(2):163-172.
15 高马也,邬建勋,牛素艳,等.柠檬酸浸出废弃电池材料中镍钴锰金属的研究[J].环境科学与管理,2016,41(4):68-70.
16 Chen X.Hydrometallurgical process for the recovery of metal values from spent lithium-ion batteries in citric acid media[J].Waste Management,2014,32(11):2083-2093.
17 Li L,Bian Y,Zhang X,etal.Process for recycling mixed-cathode materials from spent lithiumion batteries and kinetics of leaching[J].Waste Management,2018,71(1):362-371.
18 牛全海.废旧磷酸铁锂电池制备锂铁氧体的研究[D].新乡:河南师范大学,2014.
19 Pagnanelli F,Moscardini E,Altimari P,etal.Leaching of electrodic powders from lithium ion batteries:Optimization of operating conditions and effect of physical pretreatment for waste fraction retrieval[J].Waste Management,2017,60(2):706-715.
20 谢英豪,余海军,欧彦楠,等.从废旧动力电池中回收制备磷酸铁锂[J].电源技术,2014,38(12):2239-2241.
21 潘英俊.以磷酸铁锂为正极材料的废旧锂离子电池回收及再利用[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.
22 Li L,Jun L,Longyu Z,etal.A facile recovery process for cathodes from spent lithium iron phosphate batteries by using oxalic acid[J].CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems,2018,4(2):219-225.
23 Jiang S,Li Y,Cheng Y P.Study on Mn Recycling in Zn-Mn Battery and its Reutilization in Lithium-Ion Batteries[J].Key Engineering Materials,2017,729(2):35-39.
24 戴长松,郑茹娟,刘元龙,等.磷酸铁锂电池中回收电池级磷酸铁及利用废旧磷酸铁锂电池制备磷酸铁锂正极材料的方法:中国,CN104953200A[P].2015-09-30.
25 刘银玲,赵璐璐,郭琳娜.维生素C溶解废旧锂离子电池正极材料锰酸锂的研究[J].南阳师范学院学报,2015,14(9):27-31.
26 Yue Y,Singh H,Singh B,etal.Torrefaction of sorghum biomass to improve fuel properties[J].Bioresource Technology,2017,232(5):372-379.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |