不凝气体对竖管太阳能海水淡化装置性能的影响
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摘要
针对太阳能海水淡化装置内不凝气体抑制气水混合物冷凝换热的问题,设计一种竖管太阳能海水淡化装置,通过分别填充氦气和空气作为蒸发冷凝腔工作介质,研究2种不凝气体对装置产水速率、蒸发冷凝温差、热扩散系数以及竖直温度梯度分布等性能的影响机理。结果表明,该淡化装置加热温度为80℃时,填充氦气的装置产水速率为245 g/h,比填充空气的装置产水速率增加15%,填充氦气的装置上测点温度与下测点温度相差约0.1℃,基于试验数据给出不凝气体为氦气运行条件下装置内Nu与Ra的经验关联式,二者呈指数函数关系,决定系数为0.9926。
A novel vertical tubular seawater desalination unit which can be driven by solar energy had been designed and constructed,with an aim to investigate the effects of non-condensable gases on restraining the condensation heat transfer process. An experimental and theoretical analysis are carried out to investigate how the water yield,evaporation and condensation temperature difference,temperature gradient along vertical surface,and thermal diffusivity coefficient are affected by non-condensable gases,which are selectedas air and helium. The research results indicate that,when the heating temperature is 80 ℃ and the carrier gas is helium gas medium,the water yield can reach to 245 g/h. It is increased by 15.0% than the carrier gas of air. The temperature difference between the top shell and bottom shell is about 0.1 ℃. A new empirical correlation for the Nusselt number and Rayleigh number was fitted by using a consolidated data as the carrier gas is helium gas medium. The Nusselt number attenuated exponentially with the Rayleigh number,the adjusted R~2 value for the data fit was 0.9926.
A novel vertical tubular seawater desalination unit which can be driven by solar energy had been designed and constructed,with an aim to investigate the effects of non-condensable gases on restraining the condensation heat transfer process. An experimental and theoretical analysis are carried out to investigate how the water yield,evaporation and condensation temperature difference,temperature gradient along vertical surface,and thermal diffusivity coefficient are affected by non-condensable gases,which are selectedas air and helium. The research results indicate that,when the heating temperature is 80 ℃ and the carrier gas is helium gas medium,the water yield can reach to 245 g/h. It is increased by 15.0% than the carrier gas of air. The temperature difference between the top shell and bottom shell is about 0.1 ℃. A new empirical correlation for the Nusselt number and Rayleigh number was fitted by using a consolidated data as the carrier gas is helium gas medium. The Nusselt number attenuated exponentially with the Rayleigh number,the adjusted R~2 value for the data fit was 0.9926.
引文
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[13]姚洋,陈志莉,于涛,等.介质气体对多效管式海水淡化装置性能的影响[J].中国给水排水,2014,30(10):54—57.[13]Yao Yang, Chen Zhili, Yu Tao, et al. Impact of medium gas on performance of multi-effect tubular desalination still[J]. China Water&Wastewater,2014,30(10):54—57.
[14]Tsilingiris P T. The influence of binary mixture thermophysical properties in the analysis of heat and mass transfer processes in solar distillation systems[J].Solar Energy,2007,81:1482—1491.
[15]Nayak R C,Roul M K,Sarangi S K. Experimental investigation of natural convection heat transfer in heated vertical tubes with discrete rings[J].Experimental Techniques,2017,41(6):585—603.
[16]Hou Jing,Yang Jucai,Chang Zehui,et al. Effect of different carrier gases on productivity enhancement of a novel multi-effect vertical concentric tubular solar brackish water desalination device[J]. Desalination,2018,432:72—80.
[17]伍纲.太阳能加湿除湿海水淡化中的热物理问题研究[D].北京:北京理工大学,2017.[17]Wu Gang. Thermophysical problem researches on solar desalination based on humidification-dehumidification process[D]. Beijing:Beijing Institute of Technology,2017.
[2]Manchanda H,Kumar M. Study of water desalination techniques and a review on active solar distillation methods[J]. Environmental Progress&Sustainable Energy,2018,37(1):444—464.
[3]毛巨正,郑宏飞,杨军伟,等.多效竖管降膜蒸发太阳能海水淡化装置性能研究[J].太阳能学报,2017,38(10):131—136.[3]Mao Juzheng,Zheng Hongfei,Yang Junwei,et al.Performance investigation of solar desalination device with multi-effect vertical tube falling film evaporation[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2017,38(10):131—136.
[4]常泽辉,于苗苗,郑子行,等.横管式太阳能苦咸水淡化装置产水性能研究[J].太阳能学报,2016,37(2):505—510.[4]Chang Zehui,Yu Miaomiao,Zheng Zihang,et al.Water production performance investigation of horizontal tubular style solar brackish water desalination unit[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2016,37(2):505—510.
[5]Tiwari G N,Kumar A. Nocturnal water production by tubular solar stills using waste heat to preheat brine[J].Desalination,1988,69:309—318.
[6]常泽辉,李文龙,宋姗琦,等.回热对竖管式太阳能海水淡化装置性能的影响[J].太阳能学报,2018,39(7):1776—1780.[6]Chang Zehui,Li Wenlong,Song Shanqi,et al. Effect of performance of vertical tubular solar seawater desalination device with heat ecovery[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2018,39(7):1776—1780.
[7]于涛,陈志莉,杨毅,等.管式蒸馏海水淡化的热质传递强化研究[J].太阳能学报,2016,37(3):559—563.[7]Yu Tao, Chen Zhili, Yang Yi, et al. Study on intensified heat and mass transfer of tubular distillation desalination[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2016,37(3):559—563.
[8]Hammoudi D. Numerical modeling of steam condensation in vertical channel in presence of noncondensable gas[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences,2018,126:263—271.
[9]Zschaeck G,Frank T,Burns A D. CFD modelling and validation of wall condensation in the presence of noncondensable gases[J]. Nuclear Engineering and Design,2014,279:137—146.
[10]Najim M, Feddaoui M’Barek, Charef A, et al.Computational study of saline water film evaporation in a vertical tube[J]. Desalination,2017,408:81—91.
[11]Ge Minghui,Wang Shixue,Zhao Jun,et al. Effects of extended surface and surface gold plating on condensation characteristics of steam with large amount of CO2[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science,2018,92:13—19.
[12]宿吉强,孙中宁,范广铭,等.含不凝性气体的蒸汽冷凝传热实验研究[J].核动力工程,2014,35(1):36—41.[12]Su Jiqiang,Sun Zhongning,Fan Guangming,et al.Analysis of experiments for vertical out-tube steam condensation in presence of non-condensable gases[J].Nuclear Power Engineering,2014,35(1):36—41.
[13]姚洋,陈志莉,于涛,等.介质气体对多效管式海水淡化装置性能的影响[J].中国给水排水,2014,30(10):54—57.[13]Yao Yang, Chen Zhili, Yu Tao, et al. Impact of medium gas on performance of multi-effect tubular desalination still[J]. China Water&Wastewater,2014,30(10):54—57.
[14]Tsilingiris P T. The influence of binary mixture thermophysical properties in the analysis of heat and mass transfer processes in solar distillation systems[J].Solar Energy,2007,81:1482—1491.
[15]Nayak R C,Roul M K,Sarangi S K. Experimental investigation of natural convection heat transfer in heated vertical tubes with discrete rings[J].Experimental Techniques,2017,41(6):585—603.
[16]Hou Jing,Yang Jucai,Chang Zehui,et al. Effect of different carrier gases on productivity enhancement of a novel multi-effect vertical concentric tubular solar brackish water desalination device[J]. Desalination,2018,432:72—80.
[17]伍纲.太阳能加湿除湿海水淡化中的热物理问题研究[D].北京:北京理工大学,2017.[17]Wu Gang. Thermophysical problem researches on solar desalination based on humidification-dehumidification process[D]. Beijing:Beijing Institute of Technology,2017.
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