乌鲁木齐建成区扩张及植被的演变特征
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摘要
针对乌鲁木齐市建成区扩张及其内部生态环境发生变化的问题,该文选取1993年、2003年和2013年的DM_SP/OLS夜间灯光数据、2018年的NPP-VIIRS夜间灯光数据以及Landsat影像,利用二分法、归一化植被指数分析等方法,研究乌鲁木齐市建成区扩张及其植被状况的时空演变特征。结果表明:乌鲁木齐市建成区呈现"T"型扩张的同时也向北延伸,其扩张速度和动态度分别为40.28km~2/a、23.98%,均属于高速扩张类型。乌鲁木齐市建成区重心在1993—2003年向西转移了1 577.60m;2003—2013年向西北方向转移了2 584.54m;2013—2018年向东北方向转移了1 232.59m。建成区内的植被呈现先升高后急剧降低的趋势,由1993年的419.70下降到2018年的-18.20,且NDVI均值变化量为负值,说明该建成区内的植被状况在逐渐变差。
Aiming at the problem that the expansion of the built-up area of Urumqi and the changes in its internal ecological environment,DM_SP/OLS nighttime lighting data and Landsat images for 1993,2003 and 2013,and NPP-VIIRS nighttime lighting data for 2018 were selected with the method of dichotomy,normalized difference vegetation index analysis and other methods to do research on the expansion of built-up areas in Urumqi and its spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of vegetation.The results showed that the built-up area of Urumqi showed a"T"type expansion and it also extended to the north,the expansion rate and dynamics were 40.28 km~2/a and 23.98%,and both of high-speed expansion types,Urumqi built-up area shifted its center of gravity to the west by 1 577.60 min 1993—2003;in2003—2013,it was transferred to the northwest 2 584.54 m;in 2013—2018,it was transferred northeast for 1 232.59 m.The vegetation in the built-up area showed a tendency of decreasing after increasing firstly,1993—2018,the vegetation in the built-up area decreased from 419.70 to-18.20,and the mean change of NDVI was negative,it indicated that the vegetation conditions in the built-up area were gradually deteriorating.
Aiming at the problem that the expansion of the built-up area of Urumqi and the changes in its internal ecological environment,DM_SP/OLS nighttime lighting data and Landsat images for 1993,2003 and 2013,and NPP-VIIRS nighttime lighting data for 2018 were selected with the method of dichotomy,normalized difference vegetation index analysis and other methods to do research on the expansion of built-up areas in Urumqi and its spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of vegetation.The results showed that the built-up area of Urumqi showed a"T"type expansion and it also extended to the north,the expansion rate and dynamics were 40.28 km~2/a and 23.98%,and both of high-speed expansion types,Urumqi built-up area shifted its center of gravity to the west by 1 577.60 min 1993—2003;in2003—2013,it was transferred to the northwest 2 584.54 m;in 2013—2018,it was transferred northeast for 1 232.59 m.The vegetation in the built-up area showed a tendency of decreasing after increasing firstly,1993—2018,the vegetation in the built-up area decreased from 419.70 to-18.20,and the mean change of NDVI was negative,it indicated that the vegetation conditions in the built-up area were gradually deteriorating.
引文
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[18]邹进贵,陈艳华,田径,等.基于ArcGIS的DMSP/OLS夜间灯光影像校正模型的构建[J].测绘地理信息,2014,39(4):33-37.(ZOU Jingui,CHEN Yanhua,TIAN Jing,et al.Construction of the calibration model for DMSP/OLS nighttime light images based on ArcGIS[J].Journal of Geomatics,2014,39(4):33-37.)
[19]YU B,TANG M,WU Q,et al.Urban built-up area extraction from log-transformed NPP-VIIRS nighttime light data[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2018,15(8):1279-1283.
[20]卓莉,陈晋,史培军,等.基于夜间灯光数据的中国人口密度模拟[J].地理学报,2005,60(2):266-276.(ZHUO Li,CHEN Jin,SHI Peijun,et al.Modeling population density of China in 1998based on DMSP/OLS nighttime light image[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2005,60(2):266-276.)
[21]李平星,孙伟.改革开放以来苏南地区城市扩展格局与驱动机理研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2013,22(12):1529.(LI Pingxing,SUN Wei.Pattern and driving mechanisms of urban expansion of southern Jiangsu province since reform and opening up[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2013,22(12):1529-1536.)
[22]陈龙乾,郭达志,胡召玲,等.城市扩展空间分异的多时相TM遥感研究[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(3):308-312.(CHEN Longqian,GUO Zhida,HU Zhaoling,et al.Research on spatial differentiation of urban growth using multi-temporal landsat thematic mapper satellite remote sensing images[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(3):308-312.)
[23]王秀兰,包玉海.土地利用动态变化研究方法探讨[J].地理科学进展,1999,18(1):81-87.(WANG Xiulan,BAO Yuhai.Study on the method of land use dynamic change research[J].Progress in Geography,1999,18(1):81-87.)
[24]王丽萍,周寅康,薛俊菲.江苏省城市用地扩张及驱动机制研究[J].中国土地科学,2005,19(6):26-29.(WANG Liping,ZHOU Yinkang,XUE Junfei.Study on urban land expansion and its driving mechanism in Jiangsu Province[J].China Land Science,2005,19(6):26-29.)
[25]侯景新.论城市重心转移规律:以北京市为例[J].北京社会科学,2007(5):46-53.(HOU Jingxin.The shifting pattern of a city center:taking Beijing as an example[J].Social Sciences in Beijing,2007(5):46-53.)
[26]胡长慧.开封城市用地扩张时空特征及驱动力分析[D].开封:河南大学,2014.(HU Changhui.Study on spatio-temporal characteristics and driving forces of urban land expansion in Kaifeng[D].Kaifeng:Henan University,2014.)
[27]刘沁萍.近20年来中国建成区扩张、建成区植被和热岛效应变化及其人文影响因素研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2013.(LIU Qinping.Expansion of built-up areas,changes of vegetation and heat island effect in these areas,and human impact on the changes in China,1992-2010[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2013.)
[28]刘纪远,王新生,庄大方,等.凸壳原理用于城市用地空间扩展类型识别[J].地理学报,2003,58(6):885-892.(LIU Jiyuan,WANG Xinsheng,ZHUANG Dafang,et al.Application of convex hull in identifying the types of urban land expansion[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2003,58(6):885-892.)
[29]朱鹏宇,胡海波.都市圈内部城市空间扩展机制研究:以南京都市圈中心城市为例[J].规划师,2003,19(12):87-89.(ZHU Pengyu,HU Haibo.Study on the expansion system of urban space within city circle-with the central city within Nanjing city circle as an example[J].Planners,2003,19(12):87-89.)
[2]SATO Y,YAMAMOTO K.Population concentration,urbanization,and demographic transition[J].Journal of Urban Economics,2005,58(1):45-61.
[3]CHEN J,GUO F,WU Y.One decade of urban housing reform in China:urban housing price dynamics and the role of migration and urbanization,1995—2005[J].Habitat International,2011,35(1):1-8.
[4]ROY M.Planning for sustainable urbanisation in fast growing cities:mitigation and adaptation issues addressed in Dhaka, Bangladesh[J]. Habitat International,2009,33(3):276-286.
[5]董晨炜,曹宇,谭永忠.基于夜间灯光数据的环杭州湾城市扩张及植被变化[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(1):231-238.(DONG Chenwei,CAO Yu,TAN Yongzhong.Urban expansion and vegetation changes in Hangzhou Bay area using night-light data[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2017,28(1):231-238.)
[6]BAGAN H,YAMAGATA Y.Landsat analysis of urban growth:how Tokyo became the world’s largest megacity during the last 40years[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2012,127:210-222.
[7]IMHOFF M L,BOUNOUA L,DEFRIES R,et al.The consequences of urban land transformation on net primary productivity in the United states[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2004,89(4):434-443.
[8]LIU Y,WANG Y,PENG J,et al.Correlations between urbanization and vegetation degradation across the world’s metropolises using DMSP/OLS nighttime light data[J].Remote Sensing,2015,7(2):2067-2088.
[9]MILESI C,ELVIDGE C D,NEMANI R R,et al.Assessing the impact of urban land development on net primary productivity in the southeastern United States[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2003,86(3):401-410.
[10]黎治华,高志强,高炜,等.上海近十年来城市化及其生态环境变化的评估研究[J].国土资源遥感,2011,16(2):124-129.(LI Zhihua,GAO Zhiqiang,GAO Wei,et al.Researches on changes of urbanization of Shanghai and its ecologic environment based on MODIS time series in the last decade[J].Remote Sensing for Land &Resources,2011,16(2):124-129.)
[11]MA T,ZHOU C,TAO P,et al.Responses of SuomiNPP VIIRS-derived nighttime lights to socioeconomic activity in China’s cities[J].Remote Sensing Letters,2014,5(2):165-174.
[12]CHEN Z,YU B,HU Y,et al.Estimating house vacancy rate in metropolitan areas using NPP-VIIRS nighttime light composite data[J].IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations &Remote Sensing,2017,8(5):2188-2197.
[13]LU H,ZHANG M,SUN W,et al.Expansion analysis of Yangtze River delta urban agglomeration using DMSP/OLS nighttime light imagery for 1993to 2012[J].ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information,2018,7(2):52.
[14]LIU J,XIN X,LIU B,et al.Urban expansion mapping and driving factor analysis of Ordos city during the period of 2000—2013based on DMSP/OLS nighttime light data[J].Remote Sensing for Land &Resources,2018,30(1):166-172.
[15]ZHAO M,CHENG W,ZHOU C,et al.Assessing spatiotemporal characteristics of urbanization dynamics in Southeast Asia using time series of DMSP/OLS nighttime light data[J].Remote Sensing,2018,10(1):47.
[16]买买提江·买提尼亚孜,阿里木江·卡斯木.基于网格单元的乌鲁木齐市土地覆被/利用时空变化[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(1):210-216.(Maimaitijiang Maitiniyazi,Alimujiang·Kasimu.Spatical-temporal change of Urumqi urban land use and land cover based on gird cell approach[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2018,34(1):210-216.)
[17]朱士华,艳燕,胡云锋,等.干旱区城市化对生态系统碳库的影响:以乌鲁木齐市为例[J].自然资源学报,2016,31(7):1086-1099.(ZHU Shihua,YAN Yan,HU Yunfeng,et al.The impact of urbanization on ecosystem carbon storage in arid area[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2016,31(7):1086-1099.)
[18]邹进贵,陈艳华,田径,等.基于ArcGIS的DMSP/OLS夜间灯光影像校正模型的构建[J].测绘地理信息,2014,39(4):33-37.(ZOU Jingui,CHEN Yanhua,TIAN Jing,et al.Construction of the calibration model for DMSP/OLS nighttime light images based on ArcGIS[J].Journal of Geomatics,2014,39(4):33-37.)
[19]YU B,TANG M,WU Q,et al.Urban built-up area extraction from log-transformed NPP-VIIRS nighttime light data[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2018,15(8):1279-1283.
[20]卓莉,陈晋,史培军,等.基于夜间灯光数据的中国人口密度模拟[J].地理学报,2005,60(2):266-276.(ZHUO Li,CHEN Jin,SHI Peijun,et al.Modeling population density of China in 1998based on DMSP/OLS nighttime light image[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2005,60(2):266-276.)
[21]李平星,孙伟.改革开放以来苏南地区城市扩展格局与驱动机理研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2013,22(12):1529.(LI Pingxing,SUN Wei.Pattern and driving mechanisms of urban expansion of southern Jiangsu province since reform and opening up[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2013,22(12):1529-1536.)
[22]陈龙乾,郭达志,胡召玲,等.城市扩展空间分异的多时相TM遥感研究[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(3):308-312.(CHEN Longqian,GUO Zhida,HU Zhaoling,et al.Research on spatial differentiation of urban growth using multi-temporal landsat thematic mapper satellite remote sensing images[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(3):308-312.)
[23]王秀兰,包玉海.土地利用动态变化研究方法探讨[J].地理科学进展,1999,18(1):81-87.(WANG Xiulan,BAO Yuhai.Study on the method of land use dynamic change research[J].Progress in Geography,1999,18(1):81-87.)
[24]王丽萍,周寅康,薛俊菲.江苏省城市用地扩张及驱动机制研究[J].中国土地科学,2005,19(6):26-29.(WANG Liping,ZHOU Yinkang,XUE Junfei.Study on urban land expansion and its driving mechanism in Jiangsu Province[J].China Land Science,2005,19(6):26-29.)
[25]侯景新.论城市重心转移规律:以北京市为例[J].北京社会科学,2007(5):46-53.(HOU Jingxin.The shifting pattern of a city center:taking Beijing as an example[J].Social Sciences in Beijing,2007(5):46-53.)
[26]胡长慧.开封城市用地扩张时空特征及驱动力分析[D].开封:河南大学,2014.(HU Changhui.Study on spatio-temporal characteristics and driving forces of urban land expansion in Kaifeng[D].Kaifeng:Henan University,2014.)
[27]刘沁萍.近20年来中国建成区扩张、建成区植被和热岛效应变化及其人文影响因素研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2013.(LIU Qinping.Expansion of built-up areas,changes of vegetation and heat island effect in these areas,and human impact on the changes in China,1992-2010[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2013.)
[28]刘纪远,王新生,庄大方,等.凸壳原理用于城市用地空间扩展类型识别[J].地理学报,2003,58(6):885-892.(LIU Jiyuan,WANG Xinsheng,ZHUANG Dafang,et al.Application of convex hull in identifying the types of urban land expansion[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2003,58(6):885-892.)
[29]朱鹏宇,胡海波.都市圈内部城市空间扩展机制研究:以南京都市圈中心城市为例[J].规划师,2003,19(12):87-89.(ZHU Pengyu,HU Haibo.Study on the expansion system of urban space within city circle-with the central city within Nanjing city circle as an example[J].Planners,2003,19(12):87-89.)