西藏林芝七星瓢虫Coccinella septempunctata对不同蚜虫的捕食功能反应
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摘要
为了解西藏林芝天敌昆虫对害虫的捕食功能,以便保护和利用天敌,在室内初步研究七星瓢虫对月季长管蚜Macrosiphum rosirvorum、甘蓝蚜Brevicoryne brassicae和萝卜蚜Lipaphis erysimi的捕食功能。采用Holling-Ⅱ型方程对七星瓢虫捕食月季长管蚜、甘蓝蚜和萝卜蚜的作用进行拟合。结果表明:七星瓢虫对月季长管蚜、甘蓝蚜和萝卜蚜的捕食功能符合HollingⅡ型,圆盘方程分别为:Na=0.8308Nt/(1+0.0099Nt)、Na=0.9182Nt/(1+0.0026Nt)、Na=0.9412Nt/(1+0.002Nt)。随着蚜虫密度的增大,七星瓢虫的捕食量也逐渐增加,每头瓢虫对不同蚜虫的捕食上限分别为:101.01头、384.62头、500.00头。每捕食1头蚜虫所需时间Th分别为:0.009 9 h、0.002 6 h、0.002 0 h。对不同蚜虫瞬时的猎物发现率(攻击率)a′分别为:0.830 8、0.918 2、0.941 2。七星瓢虫对蚜虫的捕食作用在一定的空间范围内受其自身的密度制约,相互间存在干扰,并且对不同蚜虫的干扰系数m分别为:0.589、0.819、0.756。七星瓢虫在西藏具有较好的捕食功能。
In order to understand the predation function of the natural enemies in Nyingchi Tibet and to protect and utilize natural enemies, the predation function of C. septempunctata on M. rosirvorum, B. brassicae and L. erysimi was preliminarily studied. The Holling-II equation was used to fit the effect of C. septempunctata on the feeding of the long-term carp, cabbage bud and radish. The results showed that the predation function of C.septempunctata was consistent with Holling Ⅱ, and the disk equations were Na=0.8308Nt/(1+0.0099Nt), Na=0.9182Nt/(1+0.0026 Nt) and Na=0.9412 Nt/(1+0.002 Nt). With the increase of the density of locusts, the predation of J. serrata increased gradually. The predation limit of each ladybug to different locusts was 101.01, 384.62 and 500.00. The time required for each predation of aphids was 0.009 9 h, 0.002 6 h and 0.002 0 h. The instantaneous prey rate(attack rate) a' for different aphids was 0.830 8, 0.918 2, and 0.941 2, respectively. The predation effect of the ladybird on the aphids was limited by their own density in a certain spatial range, and there were interferences between them, and the interference coefficients m for different aphids were 0.589, 0.819 and 0.756. In conclusion, C.septempunctata has a good predation function in Tibet.
In order to understand the predation function of the natural enemies in Nyingchi Tibet and to protect and utilize natural enemies, the predation function of C. septempunctata on M. rosirvorum, B. brassicae and L. erysimi was preliminarily studied. The Holling-II equation was used to fit the effect of C. septempunctata on the feeding of the long-term carp, cabbage bud and radish. The results showed that the predation function of C.septempunctata was consistent with Holling Ⅱ, and the disk equations were Na=0.8308Nt/(1+0.0099Nt), Na=0.9182Nt/(1+0.0026 Nt) and Na=0.9412 Nt/(1+0.002 Nt). With the increase of the density of locusts, the predation of J. serrata increased gradually. The predation limit of each ladybug to different locusts was 101.01, 384.62 and 500.00. The time required for each predation of aphids was 0.009 9 h, 0.002 6 h and 0.002 0 h. The instantaneous prey rate(attack rate) a' for different aphids was 0.830 8, 0.918 2, and 0.941 2, respectively. The predation effect of the ladybird on the aphids was limited by their own density in a certain spatial range, and there were interferences between them, and the interference coefficients m for different aphids were 0.589, 0.819 and 0.756. In conclusion, C.septempunctata has a good predation function in Tibet.
引文
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[13]陈国华,陶玫,杨本立等.黑红缘瓢虫种群动态及捕食功能的研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2003,18(2):136-139.
[14]田耀加,梁广文,曾玲等.拟环纹豹蛛对斜纹夜蛾卵及幼虫的捕食效应[J].环境昆虫学报,2011,33(4):502-506.
[15]武德功,王森山,胡桂馨等.七星瓢虫对豌豆蚜的捕食功能反应[J].草业科学,2012,29,(1):101-104.
[16]郝丹青,郝丹东.七星瓢虫对桃蚜的捕食功能反应研[J].农业科学研究,2005,26,(2):18-20.
[2]臧建成,王建林,成海宏.西藏栽培油菜种质资源抗蚜性初步鉴定[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,1(24),12-15.
[3]黄建忠,李学锋,胡涛等.2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯WP防治十字花科蔬菜蚜虫的田间药效试验[J].农药,2008(5):375-377.
[4]于晓庆,张帅,宋姝娥等.小麦蚜虫对六种杀虫剂的抗药性及田间药效评价[J]昆虫学报,2016(11):1206-1212.
[5]罗兰,李新杰,袁忠林.5种杀虫剂对小麦蚜虫的毒力测定及田间药效试验[J].农药,2014,53(10):756-758.
[6]赵敏,张国忠,李荣等.7种杀虫剂对油菜病毒病和传毒媒介蚜虫的防效评价[J].农药,2010,49(11):834-835.
[7]刘景坤,刘润峰,宋建华等.50%噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂的研制及其对棉花蚜虫的防治效果[J].农药学学报,2015,17(1):60-67.
[8]王少丽,张友军,徐宝云.北京地区西瓜蚜虫的发生规律及药剂防治研究[J].中国植保导刊,2012,32(10):44-46.
[9]樊杰等,建设第三极国家公园群是西藏落实主体功能区大战略,走绿色发展之路的科学抉择[J].中国科学院院刊,2017(9):932-944.
[10]方寅昊,陶玫,马钧等.异色瓢虫对绣线菊蚜捕食功能研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2013,28(3):306-309.
[11]HASSELL M P,COMINS H N.Sigmoid functional responses and population stability[J].Theoretical Population Biology,1978,14(1):62-67.
[12]梁洪柱,胡雅君,陈倩等.异色瓢虫对槐蚜的捕食功能反应[J].中国生物防治,2007,23(S1):103-106.
[13]陈国华,陶玫,杨本立等.黑红缘瓢虫种群动态及捕食功能的研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2003,18(2):136-139.
[14]田耀加,梁广文,曾玲等.拟环纹豹蛛对斜纹夜蛾卵及幼虫的捕食效应[J].环境昆虫学报,2011,33(4):502-506.
[15]武德功,王森山,胡桂馨等.七星瓢虫对豌豆蚜的捕食功能反应[J].草业科学,2012,29,(1):101-104.
[16]郝丹青,郝丹东.七星瓢虫对桃蚜的捕食功能反应研[J].农业科学研究,2005,26,(2):18-20.
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