凯里生物群节肢动物（非三叶虫、非大型双瓣壳）的初步研究
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摘要
节肢动物(非三叶虫、非大型双瓣壳)是凯里生物群重要组成部分,包括具矿化外骨骼和非矿化软驱体的化石,共计11属。本文系统描述10属6种、3未定种及1相似种,包括致密娜罗虫(相似种)Naraoia cf. N. compacta、桑德伯格斯堪利亚虫Skania sundbegi Lin,2006、马尔三叶虫(未定种)Marrella sp.、跨马虫(未定种)Kuamaia sp、眼镜海怪虫Xundarella spectaculum Hou, Ramskold et BergstrOm,1991、凯里莫利索尼亚虫Mollisonia kailiensis Zhang et al.,2002、迷人林巧利虫Leanchoilia illecebrosa Hou,1987、以及奇虾类Anomalocarids中帚刺奇虾虫Anomalocaris saron Hou, BergstrOm et Ahiberg,1995、双肢抱怪虫Amplectobelua symbrachiata Hou, BergstrOm et Ahiberg,1995的前附肢和口器及似皮托虫(又名拟背脱虾)(未定种)Parapeytoia sp.的原螯肢和口器。
凯里生物群节肢动物(非三叶虫、非大型双瓣壳)可能主要在水体上层、下层生活,活动能力较强,以游泳方式为主,少数还可以步行方式生活。生物群中发现了一种节肢动物的肠道中保存了佩奇虫的碎片和细菌,这是寒武纪海洋节肢动物捕食三叶虫的直接证据,表明凯里生物群中存在复杂生态系统。具强大前附肢和口器的奇虾类Anomalocarids,被认为是寒武纪海洋中的霸主,处在食物链的最顶端。
凯里生物群节肢动物(非三叶虫、非大型双瓣壳)11属化石中有8属澄江生物群中出现,仅有6属在布尔吉斯页岩生物群中出现,相比之下,凯里生物群节肢动物(非三叶虫、非大型双瓣壳)与澄江生物群中同类群的组成面貌更为相似。这些节肢动物(非三叶虫、非大型双瓣壳)的研究不仅丰富了凯里生物群的组成,而且为凯里生物群生态学、埋藏学的相关研究提供了良好的材料。
Arthropod (Non-trilobites、Non-Large Bivalvia) are an important component of the Kaili Biota in the Middle Cambrian Kaili Biota near Balang village, Jianhe County, Guizhou Province,including 11 genus of mineralized exoskeleton and soft body fosslis. Here,10 genus are described, including 6 species,3 undescribed,lconformis species, as Naraoia cf. N. compacta, Skania sundbegi Lin,2006, Marrella sp,Xundarella spectaculum Hou, Ramskold et BergstrOm, 1991, Mollisonia kailiensis Zhang et al.,2002, Leanchoilia illecebrosa Hou,1987 and Anomalocaris saron Hou, Bergstrom et Ahiberg,1995, Amplectobelua symbrachiata Hou, Bergstrom et Ahiberg,1995, Parapeytoia sp.
The majority Arthropod (Non-Trilobites、Non-Bivalvia)of Kaili biota might mainly dwell in surface water, bottom water, and most having stronger swim power, few walking.A Arthropod whose gut is preserved pagetia and bacteria, is direct evidence of preyed trilobite in Cambrain Ocean.It appeas complexity ecology systerm at Kaili Biota.Anomalocarids have able-bodied anterior-appendage and trophi, is considered overlord in Cambrian, and to be in the top of food chain.
Arthropod (Non-trilobites、Non-Large Bivalvia) components from Kaili Biota are similar to those of Chenjiang Biota and different from those of Burgess Biota.Discovery of above-mentioned fosslis will not only add to components of Kaili Biota but also provide new material for paleoecology, taphonomy of Kaili Biota.
凯里生物群节肢动物(非三叶虫、非大型双瓣壳)可能主要在水体上层、下层生活,活动能力较强,以游泳方式为主,少数还可以步行方式生活。生物群中发现了一种节肢动物的肠道中保存了佩奇虫的碎片和细菌,这是寒武纪海洋节肢动物捕食三叶虫的直接证据,表明凯里生物群中存在复杂生态系统。具强大前附肢和口器的奇虾类Anomalocarids,被认为是寒武纪海洋中的霸主,处在食物链的最顶端。
凯里生物群节肢动物(非三叶虫、非大型双瓣壳)11属化石中有8属澄江生物群中出现,仅有6属在布尔吉斯页岩生物群中出现,相比之下,凯里生物群节肢动物(非三叶虫、非大型双瓣壳)与澄江生物群中同类群的组成面貌更为相似。这些节肢动物(非三叶虫、非大型双瓣壳)的研究不仅丰富了凯里生物群的组成,而且为凯里生物群生态学、埋藏学的相关研究提供了良好的材料。
Arthropod (Non-trilobites、Non-Large Bivalvia) are an important component of the Kaili Biota in the Middle Cambrian Kaili Biota near Balang village, Jianhe County, Guizhou Province,including 11 genus of mineralized exoskeleton and soft body fosslis. Here,10 genus are described, including 6 species,3 undescribed,lconformis species, as Naraoia cf. N. compacta, Skania sundbegi Lin,2006, Marrella sp,Xundarella spectaculum Hou, Ramskold et BergstrOm, 1991, Mollisonia kailiensis Zhang et al.,2002, Leanchoilia illecebrosa Hou,1987 and Anomalocaris saron Hou, Bergstrom et Ahiberg,1995, Amplectobelua symbrachiata Hou, Bergstrom et Ahiberg,1995, Parapeytoia sp.
The majority Arthropod (Non-Trilobites、Non-Bivalvia)of Kaili biota might mainly dwell in surface water, bottom water, and most having stronger swim power, few walking.A Arthropod whose gut is preserved pagetia and bacteria, is direct evidence of preyed trilobite in Cambrain Ocean.It appeas complexity ecology systerm at Kaili Biota.Anomalocarids have able-bodied anterior-appendage and trophi, is considered overlord in Cambrian, and to be in the top of food chain.
Arthropod (Non-trilobites、Non-Large Bivalvia) components from Kaili Biota are similar to those of Chenjiang Biota and different from those of Burgess Biota.Discovery of above-mentioned fosslis will not only add to components of Kaili Biota but also provide new material for paleoecology, taphonomy of Kaili Biota.
引文
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2.王约,喻美艺,彭进,王平丽.贵州台江八郎凯里组层序地层及海平面变化初探.地层学杂志,2006,30(1)：35-41.
3.王约,赵元龙,林日白,王平丽.贵州台江凯里生物群中遗迹化石(Gordia)与水母状化石(Pararotadiscus)的关系及其意义.地质论评.2004,50(2)：113-119.
4.尹恭正.寒武系.贵州省地质矿产局,贵州省区域地质志.北京：地质出版社,1987,49-96.
5.尹恭正.贵州寒武系划分及对比.贵州地质,1996,13(2)115-128.
6.尹恭正.贵州寒武系的分区.贵州地质,1990,7(4)：283-290.
7.刘志礼.化石藻类学导论.北京：高等教育出版社,1990,1-334.
8.朱茂炎,Erdtmann,赵元龙.贵州寒武世凯里化石库埋藏学和生态学初步研究.古生物学报,1999,38(增刊)：28-47.
9.张正华,沈建伟,龚显英,赵元龙,毛家仁,颜长虹.贵州台江中寒武世凯里动物群保存环境初探.古生物学报,1996,35(5)：607-622.
10.张兴亮,舒德干.试论动物非矿化组织的保存.沉积学报,2001,19(1)：16-19.
11.罗惠麟,胡世学,陈良忠,张世山,陶永和.昆明地区早寒武世澄江动物群.昆明：云南科技出版社,1999,1-129.
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