基于VRML模型的协同装配系统研究
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摘要
目前的协同设计系统大部分都要求设计者在同一个系统上进行每一个零件的详细设计并进行装配,而且采用C/S结构。这个系统的明显缺点是庞大复杂,维护量大,对网络硬件和传输条件要求高,效率低下。为解决上述问题,本文提出了基于B/S架构的协同装配系统。本协同装配系统基于VRML(即虚拟现实建模语言)模型,系统所需要的零件由分布在不同地域的设计专家采用自己熟悉的CAD系统进行设计,设计好的CAD模型再导入本文提出的系统中进行装配。
首先本文设计了同步移动搜索算法。由于不同的CAD造型导入到VRML系统后会丢失参数信息,比如旋转模型会丢失轴线信息,为恢复旋转模型的轴线信息提出了该算法。该算法适合任何不规则的旋转模型。在该算法的基础上,又提出了VRML模型的装配算法。该算法分三个部分,分别是对零件之间的三种不同装配关系包括面相对、面一致和轴线一致进行了分析。这些算法从根本上解决了以VRML模型为基础进行协同装配研究的关键问题,并且执行速度快、效率高。
其次设计了基于VRML模型的协同装配系统模型,该系统采用B/S架构,引入传统MVC网络设计结构思路。既结合了VRML的交互功能和事件体系优点和MVC结构在网络中的优势又深入研究了目前带有VRML插件浏览器在实现本系统中的不足。并在之基础上进行VRML扩充和优化,使之能够满足协同装配要求。
最后在前面算法和系统模型的研究基础上实现了CAS-VRML系统,即基于VRML的协同装配系统。该系统实现了协同装配的基本功能,能够对简单的模型实现协同装配操作。并且对本文提出的同步移动搜索算法和协同装配算法进行了分析验证,分析了迭代步长对迭代次数和迭代误差的影响,并对VRML文件在网络中的传输效率进行了分析。该系统的提出是对传统协同设计系统的重大改进,简化了系统复杂性,使工作效率得到提高。
At present the majority of the collaborative design system designers require in the same system in every part of the detailed design and assembly, and use of C / S structure. The obvious drawback of this system is large and complex, and safeguarding large amount of network hardware and transmission conditions requiring high, and low efficiency. To resolve these issues, this paper based on the B/S structure of the collaborative assembly system. This collaborative assembly system based on VRML model, system components required by the geographical distribution in the design of different experts in their own familiar with the CAD system design, good design into a CAD model to the system proposed in this paper for assembly.
First of all this paper put forward a synchronous moving search algorithm. As different CAD modeling VRML import to be lost after the system parameters, such as the rotation axis model information will be lost for the resumption of the axis of rotation model information to the algorithm. The algorithm is suitable for any irregular rotation model. In the algorithm on the basis of proposed a VRML model of assembly algorithm. The algorithm in three parts, which is between three different parts assembly includes surface relative to the axis of consistency and consistency were analyzed. These algorithms from the fundamental solution to a VRML model for collaborative assembly on the basis of the key issues, and the implementation of speed, and high efficiency.
Secondly design collaborative assembly system which based on the VRML model, the system uses B / S structure, the introduction of the traditional structure of MVC network design ideas. VRML is a combination of the interactive functionality and system advantages and events in the MVC structure in the network edge and in-depth study of the current browser with a VRML plug-in the realization of the shortcomings of the system. And on the basis of VRML expansion and optimization, and to enable it to meet the requirements of collaborative assembly.
Finally in front of the algorithm and system model on the basis of a study on CAS-VRML system, which is based on the VRML collaborative assembly system. The system has the basic functions of collaborative assembly, a simple model can achieve synergies assembly operations. In this paper, and the synchronization of mobile search algorithm and collaborative assembly verification algorithm analysis, analysis of iterative step on the number of iterations and iterative errors, and VRML file in the network transmission efficiency were analyzed. Of the system to the traditional collaborative design system a significant improvement, which simplifies the complexity of the system, to increase work efficiency.
首先本文设计了同步移动搜索算法。由于不同的CAD造型导入到VRML系统后会丢失参数信息,比如旋转模型会丢失轴线信息,为恢复旋转模型的轴线信息提出了该算法。该算法适合任何不规则的旋转模型。在该算法的基础上,又提出了VRML模型的装配算法。该算法分三个部分,分别是对零件之间的三种不同装配关系包括面相对、面一致和轴线一致进行了分析。这些算法从根本上解决了以VRML模型为基础进行协同装配研究的关键问题,并且执行速度快、效率高。
其次设计了基于VRML模型的协同装配系统模型,该系统采用B/S架构,引入传统MVC网络设计结构思路。既结合了VRML的交互功能和事件体系优点和MVC结构在网络中的优势又深入研究了目前带有VRML插件浏览器在实现本系统中的不足。并在之基础上进行VRML扩充和优化,使之能够满足协同装配要求。
最后在前面算法和系统模型的研究基础上实现了CAS-VRML系统,即基于VRML的协同装配系统。该系统实现了协同装配的基本功能,能够对简单的模型实现协同装配操作。并且对本文提出的同步移动搜索算法和协同装配算法进行了分析验证,分析了迭代步长对迭代次数和迭代误差的影响,并对VRML文件在网络中的传输效率进行了分析。该系统的提出是对传统协同设计系统的重大改进,简化了系统复杂性,使工作效率得到提高。
At present the majority of the collaborative design system designers require in the same system in every part of the detailed design and assembly, and use of C / S structure. The obvious drawback of this system is large and complex, and safeguarding large amount of network hardware and transmission conditions requiring high, and low efficiency. To resolve these issues, this paper based on the B/S structure of the collaborative assembly system. This collaborative assembly system based on VRML model, system components required by the geographical distribution in the design of different experts in their own familiar with the CAD system design, good design into a CAD model to the system proposed in this paper for assembly.
First of all this paper put forward a synchronous moving search algorithm. As different CAD modeling VRML import to be lost after the system parameters, such as the rotation axis model information will be lost for the resumption of the axis of rotation model information to the algorithm. The algorithm is suitable for any irregular rotation model. In the algorithm on the basis of proposed a VRML model of assembly algorithm. The algorithm in three parts, which is between three different parts assembly includes surface relative to the axis of consistency and consistency were analyzed. These algorithms from the fundamental solution to a VRML model for collaborative assembly on the basis of the key issues, and the implementation of speed, and high efficiency.
Secondly design collaborative assembly system which based on the VRML model, the system uses B / S structure, the introduction of the traditional structure of MVC network design ideas. VRML is a combination of the interactive functionality and system advantages and events in the MVC structure in the network edge and in-depth study of the current browser with a VRML plug-in the realization of the shortcomings of the system. And on the basis of VRML expansion and optimization, and to enable it to meet the requirements of collaborative assembly.
Finally in front of the algorithm and system model on the basis of a study on CAS-VRML system, which is based on the VRML collaborative assembly system. The system has the basic functions of collaborative assembly, a simple model can achieve synergies assembly operations. In this paper, and the synchronization of mobile search algorithm and collaborative assembly verification algorithm analysis, analysis of iterative step on the number of iterations and iterative errors, and VRML file in the network transmission efficiency were analyzed. Of the system to the traditional collaborative design system a significant improvement, which simplifies the complexity of the system, to increase work efficiency.
引文
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[27] WANG. C.H, CHOU. SH.Y. Entities’representation modes and their communicaion effects in collaborative design for SMEs[J]. The international Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2007.
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[32] LIU. H, GAO. L.P, LIU. X.Y. Generative Design in an Agent Based Collaborative Design System[J]. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2005,3168:105-116.
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[34]苏艳,廖文和,郭宇.面向虚拟装配的VRML模型优化重构[J].计算机工程与设计, 2007,28(11):2509-2512.
[35] Pi X, YANG X, Li S, et a1. High-performance navigation and rendering of very-large scale landscape and seascape[C]. The 9th International CAD/Graphics Conference, Beijing, China, 2005: 877-384.
[36]杨友东,高曙明,张书亭,李志华.面向自顶向下协同装配设计的任务规划研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2007,13(7):1268-1274.
[37] A.K.M FARID.UDDIN, SHIGEISHI. M, OHTSU. M. Fracture Mechanics of Corrosion Cracking in Concrete by Acoustic Emission[J]. Meccanica, 2006, 41(4): 425-442.
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[2]刘振宇,谭建荣等.基于语义识别的装配运动引导研究[J].软件学报, 2002,12(3):382-389.
[3]曹鹏斌,刘继红,管强等.基于装配约束动态管理的虚拟拆卸[J].计算机助设计与图形学报, 2002,14(10):988-992.
[4]田丰,程成,陈由迪,戴国忠.面向虚拟装配的三维交互平台[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2002,14(3): 193-198.
[5]张林暄,童秉枢.并行工程中的装配仿真系统及其关键技术研究[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 1999,11(2):163-166.
[6]隋爱娜,吴威,陈小武,赵沁平.基于分布式虚拟环境的装配约束语义模型[J].计算机研究与发展,2006,43(3):542-550.
[7] S.D.NOH,Y.J.PARK,S.H.KONG,Y.-G.HAN,G.KIM,K.I.LEE.Concurrentand collaborative process planning for automotive general assembly[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology , 2005, 26(5): 572-584.
[8] WANG. Q.Y, TIAN.L. A sysematic approach for 3D VRML model-based assembly in Web-based product design[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2007,33(7):819-836.
[9] S.MUKHERJEA. Using VRML-based visualisations to facilitate information retrieval in the world wide web[J]. Virtual Reality,1998,3(4):245-258.
[10] MENG. X.X, LIU. W.W, XU. Y.N. Real-Time Collaborative Design System for Product Assembly Over the Internet[J]. Information Technology For Balanced Manufacturing Systems,2006,220:253-260.
[11] CHANG. Z, Li. S. VRML-Based 3D Collaborative GIS: A Design Perspective[J]. Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems.
[12] SHEN. L.G, ZHAO. W, LI. M.J, ZHENG. J.J. A new Method for Customer-oriented Virtual Collaborative Design with VRML Product Model[J]. Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design.2007,4402:197- 206.
[13] PAOLA. P, TOMMASO. D. B, GIOVANNI. C, FOLCO. F, SAMUELE. P. The Dynamic Construction of Muti-User VRML 3D Environment For ImmersiveLearning On The Web[J]. Distributed Cooperative Laboratories: Networking, Instrumentation, and Measurements, 2006 :497-509.
[14] VINCENT. J, DIMITRI. P, PATRICK. P. Declarative Specification of Ambiance in VRML Landscapes[J]. Computational Science ,2004,3039:115-122.
[15] KIL TO CHONG, EUN-HO SON, JONG-HO PARK, YOUNG-CHUL KIM. A Path Finding Via VRML and VISION Overlay for Autonomous Robot[J]. Adaptive and Natural Computing Algorithms, 2007,4432:676-684.
[16] JANKOVIC.L. Games development in VRML[J]. Virtual Reality,2005,5(4): 195- 203.
[17] SUNG-YE KIM, BYOUNG-TAE CHOI. High Dynamic Range Image Texture Mapping Based on VRML[J]. Computatinal Science and Its Applications-ICCSA. 2003, 2669:998.
[18] XU. Y.N, LIU. W.W. A collaborative Design Platform for Assembly Process Planning[J]. Cooperative Design,Visualization,and Engineering, 2006,4101:33- 40.
[19] SUERZLINGER. W, ZAMAN. L,ANDRIY. P, OH JI-YOUNG. The design and realization of CoViD: a system for Collaborative virtual 3D design[J].Virtual Reality,2006,10(2): 135-147.
[20] YOU CHUN-FONG, TSOU PEI-JUNG, YEH SHEN-CHOU. Collaborative design for an assembly via the Internet[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2007,31(11):1217-1222.
[21]萨日娜,胡志勇.基于VRML和Java的虚拟装配技术[J].计算机辅助工程, 2006,15(1):84-86.
[22]王巧玉,田凌.基于VRML模型的协同装配工艺规划仿真方法[J].高技术通讯, 2006,16(8):802-807.
[23] MIKI HIROYUKI. Use of Socio-technical Guidelines in Collaborative System Development[J]. Human Interface and the Management of Information.Mehods, Techniques and Tools in Information Design,2007,4557:90-97
[24]万能,莫蓉,常智勇,刘红军.基于B/S结构的协同装配的关键技术[J].计算机应用,2005,25(4):599-959.
[25] MOECKEL. A, FORCELLINI. F. Collaborative Product Pre-development : an Archiecture Proposal[J]. Complex Systems Concurrent Engineering, 2007, Part10:471-478.
[26]周伟,陈小安,罗天洪,孙冬梅.面向协同装配设计的基于角色显示的研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2007,13(1):88-92.
[27] WANG. C.H, CHOU. SH.Y. Entities’representation modes and their communicaion effects in collaborative design for SMEs[J]. The international Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2007.
[28]万能,莫蓉,常智勇,刘红军.基于B/S结构的协同装配的关键技术[J].计算机应用,2005,25(4):955-959.
[29] LEE. H.J, KIM. K.Y, YANG. H.J, KIM. S.H, CHOI. S.Y. Muti-modal Data Integration Using Graph for Collaboratie Assembly Design Information Sharing and Reuse[J]. New Trends in Applied Artificial Intelligence, 2007,4570:521-530.
[30]董兴辉,徐晓慧,田凌,董秉枢.面向协同装配设计的信息建模[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2004,44(5):620-624.
[31] KONG. S.H, NOH. S.D, HAN. Y.G, KIM. G, LEE. K.I. An agent-based collaborative assembly process planning system[J]. The Internaional Journal of Advanced Manufacturing, 2006,28(1):176-183.
[32] LIU. H, GAO. L.P, LIU. X.Y. Generative Design in an Agent Based Collaborative Design System[J]. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2005,3168:105-116.
[33]孙立镌.计算机图形学[M].哈尔滨工业大学出版, 2000.
[34]苏艳,廖文和,郭宇.面向虚拟装配的VRML模型优化重构[J].计算机工程与设计, 2007,28(11):2509-2512.
[35] Pi X, YANG X, Li S, et a1. High-performance navigation and rendering of very-large scale landscape and seascape[C]. The 9th International CAD/Graphics Conference, Beijing, China, 2005: 877-384.
[36]杨友东,高曙明,张书亭,李志华.面向自顶向下协同装配设计的任务规划研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2007,13(7):1268-1274.
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