微域种植条件下植物生长状况及土壤水盐运移规律研究
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摘要
针对滨海盐碱地地下水位浅,春秋易强烈返盐,园林绿化需微域换土和铺设隔盐层的特点。本论文采用室内土柱隔盐层筛选试验和室外田间种植试验相结合的方法,对不同培肥及灌溉条件下,微域土壤水盐运移规律进行研究。
试验结果表明：(1)地下水位相同时,夹砂层对水分和盐分的抑制率大小为石砾>细砂>液态渣；(2)各种培肥处理对植物株高和枝长生长的效果为牛粪、生物有机肥和草炭组合>生物有机肥和草炭组合>牛粪和草炭组合>不培肥的对照处理；(3)降雨对地下水位有一定的影响,但并不非常显著,但当连续降雨量超过90 mm时,地下水位迅速上升；(4)不同的培肥方式同一土层土壤含水量的大小顺序为：生物有机肥与草炭的组合>牛粪、生物有机肥和草炭的组合>牛粪与草炭的组合>对照,同时表明,土壤培肥有保水和抑盐的作用;(5)本试验最佳的处理为处理8,即牛粪、生物有机肥和草炭组合,每次灌水定额为50 mm；(6)土壤盐分和水分间存在一定的相关性,但并非线性。当土壤含水量较低时,盐分随着水分的增大而增大,但当水分达到一定值后,盐分开始下降。
Considering the fact that there were the coastal saline-alkali soil characteristics of shallow groundwater levels, easy to back salt intensely in spring and autumn, micro-area required to change soil and lay across sand layer separated salt for landscaping.In this thesis, using the method of soil columns salt layer screening tests and outdoor cultivation tests, it researched the law of micro-domain's water and salt transport under the conditions of different fertilization ways and irrigation.
The results showed that (1) The sand inclusion level of the water and salt inhibition rate was stone glass>small sand>liquid slag at the same ground water phase; (2) Various fertilization treatments on the effect of plant height and branch length was cow dung, bio-organic fertilizer and peat> bio-organic fertilizer and peat> cow manure and peat> the control treatments without fertilization;(3) To a certain extent, rainfall on the groundwater level was influential but not very significant.However,when continuous rainfall was over 90 mm, water table rose rapidly;(4) Under different fertilization ways and the same soil layer, the order of soil water content was bio-organic fertilizer and peat combination> cow dung, bio-organic fertilizer and peat> a combination of cow dung and peat> control, Also showed that fertilization had the role of maintaining the water and inhibition salt; (5) The best treatment of this experiment was 8,namely, cow dung, bio-organic fertilizer and peat mix, fixed to 50 mm each irrigation;(6) Soil salinity and water were correlated, but not linear. When soil moisture was low, the salinity increased as water, however, when the water reached a certain value, soil salinity began to decline.
试验结果表明：(1)地下水位相同时,夹砂层对水分和盐分的抑制率大小为石砾>细砂>液态渣；(2)各种培肥处理对植物株高和枝长生长的效果为牛粪、生物有机肥和草炭组合>生物有机肥和草炭组合>牛粪和草炭组合>不培肥的对照处理；(3)降雨对地下水位有一定的影响,但并不非常显著,但当连续降雨量超过90 mm时,地下水位迅速上升；(4)不同的培肥方式同一土层土壤含水量的大小顺序为：生物有机肥与草炭的组合>牛粪、生物有机肥和草炭的组合>牛粪与草炭的组合>对照,同时表明,土壤培肥有保水和抑盐的作用;(5)本试验最佳的处理为处理8,即牛粪、生物有机肥和草炭组合,每次灌水定额为50 mm；(6)土壤盐分和水分间存在一定的相关性,但并非线性。当土壤含水量较低时,盐分随着水分的增大而增大,但当水分达到一定值后,盐分开始下降。
Considering the fact that there were the coastal saline-alkali soil characteristics of shallow groundwater levels, easy to back salt intensely in spring and autumn, micro-area required to change soil and lay across sand layer separated salt for landscaping.In this thesis, using the method of soil columns salt layer screening tests and outdoor cultivation tests, it researched the law of micro-domain's water and salt transport under the conditions of different fertilization ways and irrigation.
The results showed that (1) The sand inclusion level of the water and salt inhibition rate was stone glass>small sand>liquid slag at the same ground water phase; (2) Various fertilization treatments on the effect of plant height and branch length was cow dung, bio-organic fertilizer and peat> bio-organic fertilizer and peat> cow manure and peat> the control treatments without fertilization;(3) To a certain extent, rainfall on the groundwater level was influential but not very significant.However,when continuous rainfall was over 90 mm, water table rose rapidly;(4) Under different fertilization ways and the same soil layer, the order of soil water content was bio-organic fertilizer and peat combination> cow dung, bio-organic fertilizer and peat> a combination of cow dung and peat> control, Also showed that fertilization had the role of maintaining the water and inhibition salt; (5) The best treatment of this experiment was 8,namely, cow dung, bio-organic fertilizer and peat mix, fixed to 50 mm each irrigation;(6) Soil salinity and water were correlated, but not linear. When soil moisture was low, the salinity increased as water, however, when the water reached a certain value, soil salinity began to decline.
引文
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