移动式自动检测系统1553B接口设计和研究
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摘要
随着现代科技的发展,无人机的结构与功能日趋复杂,为保证其安全可靠的飞行,在起飞前,需要对无人机飞行控制系统的性能进行全面检测。移动式自动检测系统正是适合这个需要而提出的,1553B总线接口单元作为系统的重要组成部分,主要完成对基于1553B总线设计的航空电子设备的测试和仿真功能。
本文主要对移动式自动检测系统1553B总线接口单元进行了设计和研究。1553B总线作为航空电子设备互联总线,其在国内外的军用飞机中应用广泛。CAN总线具有良好的性价比,在可靠性、实时性也比较高,故选用CAN总线作为移动式自动检测系统内部总线,采用分布式结构,便于系统扩展升级。
首先,根据移动式自动检测系统的特点,建立了1553B总线接口单元的设计目标,提出了系统的总体结构。
其次,讨论了基于1553B总线设计的航空电子通讯系统的特点,论述了1553B总线接口的硬件设计和基于嵌入式操作系统μCOS-II的软件设计。
再次,组建了1553B总线通信测试环境。在此环境下,研究了1553B总线通信特点,1553B总线故障注入和错误检测等技术。
最后,根据不同1553B总线拓扑结构,讨论了飞行控制计算机及其涉及子系统的仿真测试环境构成和测试方案。
With the development of modern science and technology, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle becomes more complicated than ever. Whole test of UAV before flying must be needed to ensure its secure and reliable. The portable Automatic Test System is proposed for such requirement. As one of the important part of ATS, the 1553B interface unit can complete the test and simulation function of Avionics based on 1553B bus.
The research and design of the 1553B bus interface unit for ATS is mainly described in this dissertation. As a major Avionics Bus, 1553B bus is widely used in the domestic and foreign military aircraft. CAN is used as the internal bus in ATS, for it’s Cost-effective involved in reliability, real time and flexibility. Based on CAN, the whole system is easily developed and upgraded with its distributed architecture.
Firstly, in accordance with the characteristics of ATS, the objectives of a 1553B bus interface unit and the overall structure of this system are established.
Secondly, the paper researches the design characteristics based on the 1553B bus aviation electronic communication system, and detailedly introduces how to design the hardware and the software based on embedded Real-Time operating systemμCOS-II.
And then, the system of 1553B bus network experiment is set up. Based on it, the paper studies the features of 1553B bus communication, the fault injection and error detection technology of 1553B Bus.
Finally, according to the position of the flight control computer in different 1553B bus architecture, the paper discusses how to test and simulate the flight control computer and related subsystem simulation.
本文主要对移动式自动检测系统1553B总线接口单元进行了设计和研究。1553B总线作为航空电子设备互联总线,其在国内外的军用飞机中应用广泛。CAN总线具有良好的性价比,在可靠性、实时性也比较高,故选用CAN总线作为移动式自动检测系统内部总线,采用分布式结构,便于系统扩展升级。
首先,根据移动式自动检测系统的特点,建立了1553B总线接口单元的设计目标,提出了系统的总体结构。
其次,讨论了基于1553B总线设计的航空电子通讯系统的特点,论述了1553B总线接口的硬件设计和基于嵌入式操作系统μCOS-II的软件设计。
再次,组建了1553B总线通信测试环境。在此环境下,研究了1553B总线通信特点,1553B总线故障注入和错误检测等技术。
最后,根据不同1553B总线拓扑结构,讨论了飞行控制计算机及其涉及子系统的仿真测试环境构成和测试方案。
With the development of modern science and technology, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle becomes more complicated than ever. Whole test of UAV before flying must be needed to ensure its secure and reliable. The portable Automatic Test System is proposed for such requirement. As one of the important part of ATS, the 1553B interface unit can complete the test and simulation function of Avionics based on 1553B bus.
The research and design of the 1553B bus interface unit for ATS is mainly described in this dissertation. As a major Avionics Bus, 1553B bus is widely used in the domestic and foreign military aircraft. CAN is used as the internal bus in ATS, for it’s Cost-effective involved in reliability, real time and flexibility. Based on CAN, the whole system is easily developed and upgraded with its distributed architecture.
Firstly, in accordance with the characteristics of ATS, the objectives of a 1553B bus interface unit and the overall structure of this system are established.
Secondly, the paper researches the design characteristics based on the 1553B bus aviation electronic communication system, and detailedly introduces how to design the hardware and the software based on embedded Real-Time operating systemμCOS-II.
And then, the system of 1553B bus network experiment is set up. Based on it, the paper studies the features of 1553B bus communication, the fault injection and error detection technology of 1553B Bus.
Finally, according to the position of the flight control computer in different 1553B bus architecture, the paper discusses how to test and simulate the flight control computer and related subsystem simulation.
引文
[1]任宇,移动式自动检测系统通信接口单元设计研究,[硕士学位论文],南京,南京航空航天大学,2006
[2]蔡小斌,王红,王宏伟,法国通用自动测试平台ATE发展综述,测控技术,2000,19(6):1~3
[3]陈哨东,孙隆和,先进无人战斗机(UCAV)系统概念,火力与指挥控制,2003,28(6):10~14
[4]宋子善,国巍,沈为群,等,某型飞机控制系统的自动检测与故障诊断系统设计,计算机测量与控制,2002,10(7):437~439
[5]杨云,任建军,姜涛,发展军用飞机新型通用测试平台,航空维修与工程,2004,(1):51~52
[6] Hui Wu,Deguang Guo,Rongchun Wang,Automatic Test System for Flight Control System,Proceedings of the International Symposium on Test and Measurement,2003,2:987~989
[7]张朋,陈明,赵怀军,基于多总线机载电子设备自动测试系统设计,计算机测量与控制,2006,14(9):1125~1127
[8]张豫榕,1553B总线原理及其应用,现代电子工程,2004,(4):63~67
[9] Xu Yonghui1,Qiao Jiaqing,Sun Chao,The development of the VXIbus-1553B module,AUTOTESTCON 2003 Proceedings IEEE Systems Readiness Technology Conference. Future Sustainment for Military and Aerospace (Cat. No.03CH37447),2003:723
[10] Seabridge A.G,Lancaster P.A,The“Dual Redundant”remote terminal in high integrity 1553B-based systems[aircraft instrumentation],Electronic Engineering,1982,(1):29~33
[11]罗一锋,蔡嵩,基于1553B总线的接口设计与实现,现代电子技术,2006,2(217):55~57,60
[12]国防科学技术工业委员会,GJB 289A-97,数字式时分制指令/响应型多路传输数据总线,中国航空工业总公司,1997.11.5
[13]郭建邦,罗志强,孙琦,等,高速数据总线研究,北京航空航天大学学报,1990,(l):17~21
[14]赵煦,我国无人作战飞机的研发可从现役飞机无人化做起,第一届中国导航、制导、控制学术会议,2007:1~5
[15] Robert Bosch GmbH,CAN Specification(Version 2.0),Postfach 30 02 40,D-70442 Stuttgart,1991:1~36
[16]饶运涛,邹继军,郑勇芸,现场总线CAN原理与应用技术,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2003:12~37
[17]史久根,张培仁,陈真勇,CAN现场总线系统设计技术,北京,国防工业出版社,2004:278~295
[18]牛德青,CAN总线的实时性和可靠性研究,[硕士学位论文],北京,中国兵器科学研究院,2005
[19]崔峰,机载多路1553总线网络测试及航电通信系统仿真器开发,[硕士学位论文],成都,西南交通大学,2004
[20]刘桂山,胡军程,1553B总线信息流设计,北京理工大学学报,2003,23(3):301~303
[21]梁君,熊华钢,CAN总线及其较高层网络协议在航空航天上的可适用性探讨,导弹与航天运载技术,2004,(4):47~50
[22]韩晓东,吴临政,吴波,时间触发CAN网络节点设计,电子技术应用,2007,(2):100~103
[23] ISO,ISO 11898-2,Road vehicles--Controller Area Network(CAN) for high-speed medium access unit,2003
[24]王世奎,航空电子通信系统关键技术问题的浅析,航空计算技术,2001,31(4):36~39
[25]王志宏,基于MIL-STD-1553B总线的航空电子综合系统总线通讯研究,[硕士学位论文],南京,南京理工大学,2004 [ 26 ] Deparment Of Defense , MIL-HDBK-1553A , Multiplex Applications Handbook ,WASHINGTON DC,Deparment Of Defense,1988.11.1
[27]张涛,基于排队论的航空电子综合系统数据总线建模分析,[硕士学位论文],西安,西北工业大学,2005
[28]张建东,航空电子通信系统研究,[硕士学位论文],西安,西北工业大学,2000
[29]李志刚,航空电子总线测试系统的设计与实现,火力与指挥控制,2005,30(6):62~66
[30]赵永库,MIL-STD-1553B总线综合测试系统设计,计算机技术与应用,2005,25(3):42~44
[31]李文军,邰炳昌,飞机MIL-STD-1553B总线的测试系统,飞机设计,2003,(2):51~54
[32] Silicon Laboratories,C8051F040/1/2/3/4/5/6/7 Mixed Signal ISP Flash MCU Family(Rev. 1.4),Silicon Laboratories Inc,2004:1~295
[33] Data Device Corporation,ACE USER's guid,105 Wilbur Place, Bohemia ,New York,2005:1~443
[34] Philips Semiconductors,SJA1000 Stand-alone CAN controller,Netherlands,2000:1~68
[35] Vicor Corporation,VI-200 and VI-J00 Series Data Sheet,25 Frontage RoadAndover, MA, USA,2000:1~4
[36]郭云松,郭祥玉,印制板的电磁兼容性探讨,电源技术应用,2006,9(7):58~64
[37]刘涛,CAN总线接口电路设计中的关键问题,工矿自动化,2007,(1):100~101
[38] Jean J.Labrosse,嵌入式实时操作系统μCOS-II(邵贝贝),北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2003:10~103
[39]王志武,范蟠果,嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-II在TMS320F2812上的移植,微计算机应用,2007,28(8):865~870
[40]周博,王石记,邱卫东,等,SHUM-UCOS基于统一多任务模型可重构系统的实时操作系统,计算机学报,2006,29(2):208~218
[41]刘淼,王田苗,魏洪兴,等,基于μCOS-II的嵌入式数控系统实时性分析,计算机工程,2006,32(22):222~224,226
[42]李庆诚,唐德凯,嵌入式操作系统实时性比对与评价,单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2007,(6):18~21
[43]姚传安,μC/OS-II的嵌入式串口通信模块设计,单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2005,(7):72~74
[44]李宗金,1553B总线系统的技术指标分析,电讯技术,1998,38(4):30~34
[45] Condor Engineering,BusTools/1553-API software User’s Manual,Condor Engineering Inc, Santa Barbara, CA 93101,2006:41~44
[46]蒋天永,刘斌,鲍晓红,等,基于1553B总线的航电软件仿真验证环境研究,测控技术,2004,23(3):46~48
[47] Kwong Waihon A,Passino Kevin M,Laukonen Eric G,etal. Expert supervision of fuzzy learning systems for fault tolerant aircraft control,Proceedings of the IEEE,1995,83(3):466~483
[48] Srichander R,Walker B.K,Stochastic stability analysis for continuous-time fault tolerant control systems,Int. J. Control,1993,57(3):433~452
[2]蔡小斌,王红,王宏伟,法国通用自动测试平台ATE发展综述,测控技术,2000,19(6):1~3
[3]陈哨东,孙隆和,先进无人战斗机(UCAV)系统概念,火力与指挥控制,2003,28(6):10~14
[4]宋子善,国巍,沈为群,等,某型飞机控制系统的自动检测与故障诊断系统设计,计算机测量与控制,2002,10(7):437~439
[5]杨云,任建军,姜涛,发展军用飞机新型通用测试平台,航空维修与工程,2004,(1):51~52
[6] Hui Wu,Deguang Guo,Rongchun Wang,Automatic Test System for Flight Control System,Proceedings of the International Symposium on Test and Measurement,2003,2:987~989
[7]张朋,陈明,赵怀军,基于多总线机载电子设备自动测试系统设计,计算机测量与控制,2006,14(9):1125~1127
[8]张豫榕,1553B总线原理及其应用,现代电子工程,2004,(4):63~67
[9] Xu Yonghui1,Qiao Jiaqing,Sun Chao,The development of the VXIbus-1553B module,AUTOTESTCON 2003 Proceedings IEEE Systems Readiness Technology Conference. Future Sustainment for Military and Aerospace (Cat. No.03CH37447),2003:723
[10] Seabridge A.G,Lancaster P.A,The“Dual Redundant”remote terminal in high integrity 1553B-based systems[aircraft instrumentation],Electronic Engineering,1982,(1):29~33
[11]罗一锋,蔡嵩,基于1553B总线的接口设计与实现,现代电子技术,2006,2(217):55~57,60
[12]国防科学技术工业委员会,GJB 289A-97,数字式时分制指令/响应型多路传输数据总线,中国航空工业总公司,1997.11.5
[13]郭建邦,罗志强,孙琦,等,高速数据总线研究,北京航空航天大学学报,1990,(l):17~21
[14]赵煦,我国无人作战飞机的研发可从现役飞机无人化做起,第一届中国导航、制导、控制学术会议,2007:1~5
[15] Robert Bosch GmbH,CAN Specification(Version 2.0),Postfach 30 02 40,D-70442 Stuttgart,1991:1~36
[16]饶运涛,邹继军,郑勇芸,现场总线CAN原理与应用技术,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2003:12~37
[17]史久根,张培仁,陈真勇,CAN现场总线系统设计技术,北京,国防工业出版社,2004:278~295
[18]牛德青,CAN总线的实时性和可靠性研究,[硕士学位论文],北京,中国兵器科学研究院,2005
[19]崔峰,机载多路1553总线网络测试及航电通信系统仿真器开发,[硕士学位论文],成都,西南交通大学,2004
[20]刘桂山,胡军程,1553B总线信息流设计,北京理工大学学报,2003,23(3):301~303
[21]梁君,熊华钢,CAN总线及其较高层网络协议在航空航天上的可适用性探讨,导弹与航天运载技术,2004,(4):47~50
[22]韩晓东,吴临政,吴波,时间触发CAN网络节点设计,电子技术应用,2007,(2):100~103
[23] ISO,ISO 11898-2,Road vehicles--Controller Area Network(CAN) for high-speed medium access unit,2003
[24]王世奎,航空电子通信系统关键技术问题的浅析,航空计算技术,2001,31(4):36~39
[25]王志宏,基于MIL-STD-1553B总线的航空电子综合系统总线通讯研究,[硕士学位论文],南京,南京理工大学,2004 [ 26 ] Deparment Of Defense , MIL-HDBK-1553A , Multiplex Applications Handbook ,WASHINGTON DC,Deparment Of Defense,1988.11.1
[27]张涛,基于排队论的航空电子综合系统数据总线建模分析,[硕士学位论文],西安,西北工业大学,2005
[28]张建东,航空电子通信系统研究,[硕士学位论文],西安,西北工业大学,2000
[29]李志刚,航空电子总线测试系统的设计与实现,火力与指挥控制,2005,30(6):62~66
[30]赵永库,MIL-STD-1553B总线综合测试系统设计,计算机技术与应用,2005,25(3):42~44
[31]李文军,邰炳昌,飞机MIL-STD-1553B总线的测试系统,飞机设计,2003,(2):51~54
[32] Silicon Laboratories,C8051F040/1/2/3/4/5/6/7 Mixed Signal ISP Flash MCU Family(Rev. 1.4),Silicon Laboratories Inc,2004:1~295
[33] Data Device Corporation,ACE USER's guid,105 Wilbur Place, Bohemia ,New York,2005:1~443
[34] Philips Semiconductors,SJA1000 Stand-alone CAN controller,Netherlands,2000:1~68
[35] Vicor Corporation,VI-200 and VI-J00 Series Data Sheet,25 Frontage RoadAndover, MA, USA,2000:1~4
[36]郭云松,郭祥玉,印制板的电磁兼容性探讨,电源技术应用,2006,9(7):58~64
[37]刘涛,CAN总线接口电路设计中的关键问题,工矿自动化,2007,(1):100~101
[38] Jean J.Labrosse,嵌入式实时操作系统μCOS-II(邵贝贝),北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2003:10~103
[39]王志武,范蟠果,嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-II在TMS320F2812上的移植,微计算机应用,2007,28(8):865~870
[40]周博,王石记,邱卫东,等,SHUM-UCOS基于统一多任务模型可重构系统的实时操作系统,计算机学报,2006,29(2):208~218
[41]刘淼,王田苗,魏洪兴,等,基于μCOS-II的嵌入式数控系统实时性分析,计算机工程,2006,32(22):222~224,226
[42]李庆诚,唐德凯,嵌入式操作系统实时性比对与评价,单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2007,(6):18~21
[43]姚传安,μC/OS-II的嵌入式串口通信模块设计,单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2005,(7):72~74
[44]李宗金,1553B总线系统的技术指标分析,电讯技术,1998,38(4):30~34
[45] Condor Engineering,BusTools/1553-API software User’s Manual,Condor Engineering Inc, Santa Barbara, CA 93101,2006:41~44
[46]蒋天永,刘斌,鲍晓红,等,基于1553B总线的航电软件仿真验证环境研究,测控技术,2004,23(3):46~48
[47] Kwong Waihon A,Passino Kevin M,Laukonen Eric G,etal. Expert supervision of fuzzy learning systems for fault tolerant aircraft control,Proceedings of the IEEE,1995,83(3):466~483
[48] Srichander R,Walker B.K,Stochastic stability analysis for continuous-time fault tolerant control systems,Int. J. Control,1993,57(3):433~452