极限分析上限法在加筋土结构物稳定性分析中的应用
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摘要
加筋土因省工、省料、施工方便、快速等优点,被广泛应用。加筋土是通过在挡土墙、边坡及地基等土工结构物中铺设或打入土工合成材料、钢筋等筋材,以减轻土压力、增加边坡稳定性、提高承载力的一种技术。
目前有关加筋土的设计法采用的都是极限平衡法。极限平衡法简单、方便,但是由于只满足材料的本构关系,得到的解与严密解的大小关系不明确。原则上,用于土工结构物稳定性分析的方法,如极限分析上限法和下限法、有限单元法及滑移线法,均可用于加筋土结构物的稳定性分析。其中,上限法与极限平衡法一样应用简单,而且满足材料的本构关系、位移的相容条件和边界条件,因此得到的解与严密解大小关系明确,同时,所得的解以解析式的形式给出。可以说上限法是一种简单有效的方法。
本文首先整理并总结了极限分析上限法在加筋土结构物稳定性分析应用中的两种思路,并分别称之为内力功法和准粘聚力法。内力功法着眼于包含有筋材的滑动面上内力功的计算方法,准粘聚力法则将加筋砂土当作具有粘聚力的素土,直接应用上限法求解。目前,内力功法应用的上限法均基于传统的极限分析法。传统极限分析上限解法中认为运动刚体以速度V与静止刚体成ν角膨胀,剪胀角ν与内摩擦角φ相等,从而导致在计算土体所消耗的内力功时反映不出材料的摩擦特性。广义塑性理论认为运动刚体与静止刚体之间的剪胀角φ/2,从而在内力功计算中可以明确的反映出岩土材料的摩擦特性。本文在总结目前提出的内力功法的基础上,将基于广义塑性理论的上限法应用到杨俊杰内力功计算方法,并提出内力功计算式,然后,通过求解加筋土坡临界高度,对比了基于传统和广义塑性理论的杨俊杰方法、Radoslaw L.M.方法的计算结果以及离心试验结果。针对准粘聚力法,本文分析了刘垂远对加筋砂土和加筋粘土的三轴试验的结果,对比了试验得到的粘聚力和通过准粘聚力原理计算得到的粘聚力,得了出准粘聚力原理也可用于加筋粘土结构物的结论,并通过算例进行了验证。
本研究丰富和发展了加筋土的设计和理论。
Reinforced Earth is widely used because it is convenient, fast. Reinforced earth is the technology by laying geosynthetics or putting steel reinforcement materials into the geotechnical structures, in order to reduce pressure in the soil, increase slope stability, improve the bearing capacity and so on.
At present the design of the reinforced earth is the ultimate method used balance method. Limit balance of simple, convenient, but due to the constitutive equation only meet the material, be the solution and close relationship between the size of the uncertainty. In principle, for the geotechnical stability of the structure of the analysis of the methods, such as the ceiling limit of law and lower limits of law, the finite element method and the slip-line method can be used for the reinforced soil structure stability analysis. The ceiling of law and the limits of the same balance of simple and materials to meet the constitutive relations, displacement of the compatibility conditions and boundary conditions, are the size of the solution and close relations between the clear, at the same time, from the analytical solution to the form Given. It can be said that the ceiling method is a simple and effective way.
In this paper, collate and sum up the limit in the ceiling of reinforced earth structures in the application of the stability of the two ideas, and are referred to as internal forces exercises and associate cohesion law. Internal force exercises aimed at containing gluten build the sliding surface internal forces Gong method of calculation, the prospective law cohesion of sand will be reinforced as a cohesive force in the territories, the direct application of the ceiling method. At present, the internal force exercises application of the ceiling limits are based on the traditional method. Solution of the traditional limits of the ceiling in that movement to speed V and rigid body into geostationaryνKok expansion, dilatancy Kokνand internal friction angleφequivalent, resulting in the calculation of the amount of soil internal forces at work can not reflect the friction characteristics. Generalized plastic theory is that static and rigid body movements between the dilatancy angleφ/ 2, so as to work in the calculation of internal forces can clearly reflects the friction of rock and soil. This article concluded by the internal forces of the current work on the basis of law, will be based on the theory of generalized plastic cap law applied to the calculation of Yang Junjie Gong internal forces and internal forces to work formula, and then, by solving the critical high reinforced slopes, compared Based on the traditional theory of plastic and generalized approach Yang Junjie, Radoslaw LM methods of calculation results and centrifugal test results. Cohesive force for the prospective law, the paper of Liu Yuan of weeping reinforced sand and clay reinforced the triaxial test the results of the comparison tests are the cohesive force and cohesion through the quasi-calculated by the principle of cohesion , Had a quasi-cohesion principle can also be used for clay structures reinforced the conclusions and, through example was verified.
This study has enriched and developed the reinforced earth theory.
目前有关加筋土的设计法采用的都是极限平衡法。极限平衡法简单、方便,但是由于只满足材料的本构关系,得到的解与严密解的大小关系不明确。原则上,用于土工结构物稳定性分析的方法,如极限分析上限法和下限法、有限单元法及滑移线法,均可用于加筋土结构物的稳定性分析。其中,上限法与极限平衡法一样应用简单,而且满足材料的本构关系、位移的相容条件和边界条件,因此得到的解与严密解大小关系明确,同时,所得的解以解析式的形式给出。可以说上限法是一种简单有效的方法。
本文首先整理并总结了极限分析上限法在加筋土结构物稳定性分析应用中的两种思路,并分别称之为内力功法和准粘聚力法。内力功法着眼于包含有筋材的滑动面上内力功的计算方法,准粘聚力法则将加筋砂土当作具有粘聚力的素土,直接应用上限法求解。目前,内力功法应用的上限法均基于传统的极限分析法。传统极限分析上限解法中认为运动刚体以速度V与静止刚体成ν角膨胀,剪胀角ν与内摩擦角φ相等,从而导致在计算土体所消耗的内力功时反映不出材料的摩擦特性。广义塑性理论认为运动刚体与静止刚体之间的剪胀角φ/2,从而在内力功计算中可以明确的反映出岩土材料的摩擦特性。本文在总结目前提出的内力功法的基础上,将基于广义塑性理论的上限法应用到杨俊杰内力功计算方法,并提出内力功计算式,然后,通过求解加筋土坡临界高度,对比了基于传统和广义塑性理论的杨俊杰方法、Radoslaw L.M.方法的计算结果以及离心试验结果。针对准粘聚力法,本文分析了刘垂远对加筋砂土和加筋粘土的三轴试验的结果,对比了试验得到的粘聚力和通过准粘聚力原理计算得到的粘聚力,得了出准粘聚力原理也可用于加筋粘土结构物的结论,并通过算例进行了验证。
本研究丰富和发展了加筋土的设计和理论。
Reinforced Earth is widely used because it is convenient, fast. Reinforced earth is the technology by laying geosynthetics or putting steel reinforcement materials into the geotechnical structures, in order to reduce pressure in the soil, increase slope stability, improve the bearing capacity and so on.
At present the design of the reinforced earth is the ultimate method used balance method. Limit balance of simple, convenient, but due to the constitutive equation only meet the material, be the solution and close relationship between the size of the uncertainty. In principle, for the geotechnical stability of the structure of the analysis of the methods, such as the ceiling limit of law and lower limits of law, the finite element method and the slip-line method can be used for the reinforced soil structure stability analysis. The ceiling of law and the limits of the same balance of simple and materials to meet the constitutive relations, displacement of the compatibility conditions and boundary conditions, are the size of the solution and close relations between the clear, at the same time, from the analytical solution to the form Given. It can be said that the ceiling method is a simple and effective way.
In this paper, collate and sum up the limit in the ceiling of reinforced earth structures in the application of the stability of the two ideas, and are referred to as internal forces exercises and associate cohesion law. Internal force exercises aimed at containing gluten build the sliding surface internal forces Gong method of calculation, the prospective law cohesion of sand will be reinforced as a cohesive force in the territories, the direct application of the ceiling method. At present, the internal force exercises application of the ceiling limits are based on the traditional method. Solution of the traditional limits of the ceiling in that movement to speed V and rigid body into geostationaryνKok expansion, dilatancy Kokνand internal friction angleφequivalent, resulting in the calculation of the amount of soil internal forces at work can not reflect the friction characteristics. Generalized plastic theory is that static and rigid body movements between the dilatancy angleφ/ 2, so as to work in the calculation of internal forces can clearly reflects the friction of rock and soil. This article concluded by the internal forces of the current work on the basis of law, will be based on the theory of generalized plastic cap law applied to the calculation of Yang Junjie Gong internal forces and internal forces to work formula, and then, by solving the critical high reinforced slopes, compared Based on the traditional theory of plastic and generalized approach Yang Junjie, Radoslaw LM methods of calculation results and centrifugal test results. Cohesive force for the prospective law, the paper of Liu Yuan of weeping reinforced sand and clay reinforced the triaxial test the results of the comparison tests are the cohesive force and cohesion through the quasi-calculated by the principle of cohesion , Had a quasi-cohesion principle can also be used for clay structures reinforced the conclusions and, through example was verified.
This study has enriched and developed the reinforced earth theory.
引文
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[3]吕文良.加筋土挡墙研究现状综述[J].市政技术.2003,21(2):92-96
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[8]杨果林.加筋土筋材长期荷载蠕变试验研究[J].煤炭学报.2001(2):132-136
[9]杨果林,王永和.加筋土工程筋材特性试验研究[]J.中国公路学报.2001(3):n一16
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