基于WSN的实时数据采集及报警系统
摘要
随着科技的发展,无线传感器网络已经走进了我们生活的各个方面。目前无线传感器网络已经在军事,医疗,农业等领域得到了广泛的应用,并且取得了理想的效果。在无线传感器网络的各种应用上,主要体现了它的实时性以及报警作用。本文所介绍的基于WSN的实时数据采集及报警系统正是无线传感器的一个典型应用。该系统完成了基础方向上的设计,未来的商业软件只要在这个基础上,进行相关商业应用的添加即可,因此该系统具备了一定的参考意义。
本文详细介绍了整个系统的系统结构,用例分析,需求分析,以及相关功能的实现等方面,其中重点介绍了数据收集以及报警两个模块的设计与实现,同时还介绍了相关数据库的设计和相关表的实现。
通过对基于WSN的实时数据采集及报警系统的运行效果来看,本系统基本达到了数据采集的实时性以及报警的准确性,针对不同的设备都作出了相应的帧设置,对不同设备进行了相应的管理。无线传感器网络技术将会在我们的生活中起着越来越重要的作用。
Since 1991, ubiquitous computing method was proposed. Wireless sensor network as a ubiquitous computing method as a major research direction has been rapid development, but also in all walks of life have been widely applied in. Ubiquitous computing refers to, at any time, any place have carried out a model calculation. It combines communication technology, computer networks, computer hardware and software for the integration of a technology, by computing devices added to every aspect of our lives, so that any time, any place can be calculated as a possibility, but also through such a ways to change and influence every aspect of our lives, but also improve efficiency.
Wireless sensor network is defined as a group of sensors in a wireless network consisting of AdHoc mode, and the aim is to collaborate collection, sensing and processing networks in the geographic area covered by the information and publish to the observer. Sensor networks, three basic elements are the sensors, sensing objects and observers, sensors and wireless communication between the observer and establish communication paths between sensors perception of writing, collecting and publishing information about perceived objects. Wireless sensor networks is the core of a group of limited functionality of the sensors, these sensors have a strong sense to complete the task. These sensors are able to move nodes, sensor network topology with the nodes will be mobile and constantly changing, between the nodes to communicate through the Ad Hoc mode, the same time, each node can act as a router the role , and both have capabilities of dynamic search, locate, restore your connection, disconnect.
Wireless sensors can be such a rapid development, because it itself has many advantages. It is characterized by distinctive, its superior mobility, intermittent, powerful computing capabilities, good communication capabilities, the network of high robustness and fault tolerance, real-time, and network dynamics that have made wireless sensor has great application prospect . As the sensor technology, computing technology, embedded technology and wireless communication technology, various types of sensor networks will be all over our living environment. And thus the true realization of "ubiquitous computing." At present, the sensor applications have been related to the military, environmental monitoring, medical, security alarm and other business applications. The first wireless sensor network applications where the military area, which together with its own unique advantages available to the military on many occasions to meet the real-time access to information, accuracy and comprehensiveness, etc. requirements. At the same time the aircraft can also use the sensor nodes scattered in the battlefield of a vast area, the composition of these nodes from the net, and timely battlefield information collection and timely transmission, so as to achieve to know ourselves and requirements. Also in environmental monitoring, the original manual collection will not only be costly, while the information received can not guarantee the accuracy and timeliness. Wireless sensors can be used to detect the soil environment, climatic conditions, its timeliness and accuracy of the guarantee can be perceived areas of information to make the most accurate analysis and diagnosis. In health care, wireless sensor networks will also be applied to real-time monitoring of the patient's pulse, blood pressure in various situations. The event of circumstances can be aid in the first time.
This article is based on the WSN real-time data acquisition and alarm system. The system of software engineering, project implementation in accordance with the requirements of carrying out the construction. The system is to provide lightweight presentation tasks designed as a demonstration system, its main demand is that it can demonstrate through its sensor network based on an unlimited data collection and alarm, as well as the advantages of the diversity of data collection. Therefore, the relevant data need to set the frame to control the types of data. Second, as a demonstration system, it is necessary to provide the appropriate follow-up related development assistance. Therefore, the system design, provide a lot of basic ways to the development of the follow-up on the system only need to be expanded to form the relevant business systems.
This paper describes analysis diagram, System flowchart, Class diagram and Database Design of the system. The second chapter describes the system's overall structure of the planning, use case diagram, including the overall use case diagram, and the system settings section, equipment management and other relevant parts of the use case diagram. The third chapter describes the realization of the whole system, including data collection and alarm the realization of two-part process, algorithm, and related interface design and so on. The fourth chapter describes the class diagram of the entire system, including system settings part of the class diagram, the data recording part of the class diagram, the logical part of the class diagram, the data part of the class diagram as well as the alarm part of the class diagram. Finally, in Chapter V of the system database design. Including the relationship between the physical model, as well as the relationship between the logical model and the associated detailed design of the table.
The system used a three-tier architecture model. From top to bottom are the presentation layer, business logic layer, data access layer. This layered improve system maintainability and scalability, while enhancing system stability. Three logically independent of each other between the clear division of labor, showing layers: presentation layer consists mainly of the entire system, page design and page logic. Business logic layer: In the business logic layer, the entity classes and methods is divided into two kinds of class types, so that the system designed to greatly increase the scalability, if the need for new-in feature, no need to change classes written, only the method needs to be written to join can be. Data Access Layer: In the data access, the system uses dalFactory.dll the related methods, reporting directly to the data increase, delete, change, checking and other functions generate the SQL language and the implementation of the database-related operations.
There are five parts of functional needs of this system. They were system parameter setting, facilities management component, data management component, command management component, as well as some alarm. One part of the system parameter settings are divided into system variable is set to receive serial port settings, SMS serial port settings, database configuration, command and alarm parameter setting five categories. Equipment management component is divided into types of equipment management, equipment, information, and work status of three parts. Data management component is divided into real-time data, historical data query, data frame is set in three parts. Order management component is divided into a command issued, historical order information, the command frame is set in three parts. Police reported that sub-divided into SMS alarm, window alarm, alarm information search history in three parts.
本文详细介绍了整个系统的系统结构,用例分析,需求分析,以及相关功能的实现等方面,其中重点介绍了数据收集以及报警两个模块的设计与实现,同时还介绍了相关数据库的设计和相关表的实现。
通过对基于WSN的实时数据采集及报警系统的运行效果来看,本系统基本达到了数据采集的实时性以及报警的准确性,针对不同的设备都作出了相应的帧设置,对不同设备进行了相应的管理。无线传感器网络技术将会在我们的生活中起着越来越重要的作用。
Since 1991, ubiquitous computing method was proposed. Wireless sensor network as a ubiquitous computing method as a major research direction has been rapid development, but also in all walks of life have been widely applied in. Ubiquitous computing refers to, at any time, any place have carried out a model calculation. It combines communication technology, computer networks, computer hardware and software for the integration of a technology, by computing devices added to every aspect of our lives, so that any time, any place can be calculated as a possibility, but also through such a ways to change and influence every aspect of our lives, but also improve efficiency.
Wireless sensor network is defined as a group of sensors in a wireless network consisting of AdHoc mode, and the aim is to collaborate collection, sensing and processing networks in the geographic area covered by the information and publish to the observer. Sensor networks, three basic elements are the sensors, sensing objects and observers, sensors and wireless communication between the observer and establish communication paths between sensors perception of writing, collecting and publishing information about perceived objects. Wireless sensor networks is the core of a group of limited functionality of the sensors, these sensors have a strong sense to complete the task. These sensors are able to move nodes, sensor network topology with the nodes will be mobile and constantly changing, between the nodes to communicate through the Ad Hoc mode, the same time, each node can act as a router the role , and both have capabilities of dynamic search, locate, restore your connection, disconnect.
Wireless sensors can be such a rapid development, because it itself has many advantages. It is characterized by distinctive, its superior mobility, intermittent, powerful computing capabilities, good communication capabilities, the network of high robustness and fault tolerance, real-time, and network dynamics that have made wireless sensor has great application prospect . As the sensor technology, computing technology, embedded technology and wireless communication technology, various types of sensor networks will be all over our living environment. And thus the true realization of "ubiquitous computing." At present, the sensor applications have been related to the military, environmental monitoring, medical, security alarm and other business applications. The first wireless sensor network applications where the military area, which together with its own unique advantages available to the military on many occasions to meet the real-time access to information, accuracy and comprehensiveness, etc. requirements. At the same time the aircraft can also use the sensor nodes scattered in the battlefield of a vast area, the composition of these nodes from the net, and timely battlefield information collection and timely transmission, so as to achieve to know ourselves and requirements. Also in environmental monitoring, the original manual collection will not only be costly, while the information received can not guarantee the accuracy and timeliness. Wireless sensors can be used to detect the soil environment, climatic conditions, its timeliness and accuracy of the guarantee can be perceived areas of information to make the most accurate analysis and diagnosis. In health care, wireless sensor networks will also be applied to real-time monitoring of the patient's pulse, blood pressure in various situations. The event of circumstances can be aid in the first time.
This article is based on the WSN real-time data acquisition and alarm system. The system of software engineering, project implementation in accordance with the requirements of carrying out the construction. The system is to provide lightweight presentation tasks designed as a demonstration system, its main demand is that it can demonstrate through its sensor network based on an unlimited data collection and alarm, as well as the advantages of the diversity of data collection. Therefore, the relevant data need to set the frame to control the types of data. Second, as a demonstration system, it is necessary to provide the appropriate follow-up related development assistance. Therefore, the system design, provide a lot of basic ways to the development of the follow-up on the system only need to be expanded to form the relevant business systems.
This paper describes analysis diagram, System flowchart, Class diagram and Database Design of the system. The second chapter describes the system's overall structure of the planning, use case diagram, including the overall use case diagram, and the system settings section, equipment management and other relevant parts of the use case diagram. The third chapter describes the realization of the whole system, including data collection and alarm the realization of two-part process, algorithm, and related interface design and so on. The fourth chapter describes the class diagram of the entire system, including system settings part of the class diagram, the data recording part of the class diagram, the logical part of the class diagram, the data part of the class diagram as well as the alarm part of the class diagram. Finally, in Chapter V of the system database design. Including the relationship between the physical model, as well as the relationship between the logical model and the associated detailed design of the table.
The system used a three-tier architecture model. From top to bottom are the presentation layer, business logic layer, data access layer. This layered improve system maintainability and scalability, while enhancing system stability. Three logically independent of each other between the clear division of labor, showing layers: presentation layer consists mainly of the entire system, page design and page logic. Business logic layer: In the business logic layer, the entity classes and methods is divided into two kinds of class types, so that the system designed to greatly increase the scalability, if the need for new-in feature, no need to change classes written, only the method needs to be written to join can be. Data Access Layer: In the data access, the system uses dalFactory.dll the related methods, reporting directly to the data increase, delete, change, checking and other functions generate the SQL language and the implementation of the database-related operations.
There are five parts of functional needs of this system. They were system parameter setting, facilities management component, data management component, command management component, as well as some alarm. One part of the system parameter settings are divided into system variable is set to receive serial port settings, SMS serial port settings, database configuration, command and alarm parameter setting five categories. Equipment management component is divided into types of equipment management, equipment, information, and work status of three parts. Data management component is divided into real-time data, historical data query, data frame is set in three parts. Order management component is divided into a command issued, historical order information, the command frame is set in three parts. Police reported that sub-divided into SMS alarm, window alarm, alarm information search history in three parts.
引文
[1]李建中,李金宝,石胜飞.传感器网络及其数据管理的概念、问题与进展[J].软件学报,2003,10:1717-1725.
[2]李凤保,李凌.无线传感器网络技术综述[J].仪器仪表学报,2005,8:559-561.
[3]马保国,乔玲玲.无线传感器网络研究综述[J].计算机与数字工程,2008,9:50-53.48
[4]陈丹,郑增威.李际军.无线传感器网络研究综述[J].计算机测量与控制,2004,12(8):701-704.
[5]缪强.无线传感器网络研究与实现[D].杭州,浙江大学计算机学院,2004
[6]崔莉,鞠海玲.无线传感器网络研究进展[J].计算机研究与发展,2005,42(1):163-174.
[7]马增辉,李炳法.无线传感器网络MAC层协议研究综述[J].信息科学,2007,6.
[8]任丰原,黄海宁,林闯.无线传感器网络[J].软件学报,2003,Vol.14(07):1282-1291.
[9]Mainwaring A,Polastre J,Szewczyk R,et al.Wireless sensor networks for habitat monitoring[A].ACM WSNA'02[C].Atlanta,Georgia,2002,9.
[10]Cerpa A,Elson J,Hamilton M.et al.Habitat monitoring: application driver for wireless communications technology[A].ACM SIGCOMM’2000[C].Costa,Rica,2001,4.
[11]Steere D C,Baptista A,et al.Research challenges in environment alobservation and forecasting systems[A].Proc.6 ACM/IEEE MobiCOM[C].2000,8:292-299.
[12]Bonnet P,Gehrke J,et al.Querying the physical world[J].IEEE Personal Communications,2000,10:10-15.
[13]Shih E,Cho S,Ickes N,et al.Physical layer driven protocol and algorithm design for energy-efficient wireless sensor networks[A].Proceedings of ACM MobiCom′01[C].Rome,Italy,2001,7:272-286.
[14]张洪润,张亚凡.传感器技术与应用教程[M].清华大学出版社,2005,4.
[15]任勇,无线智能集中抄表系统的应用,城市公共事业,2006,Vo l.20(7):39-42.
[16]M.Weiser,The Computer for the 21st Century,Sci.Amer,Sept 1991.
[17]梁玉芬,高德云,牛延超,霍宏伟.无线传感器网络应用系统综述[J]电子技术应用, 2007,(09) .
[18]杜晓明,陈岩.无线传感器网络研究现状与应用[J]北京工商大学学报(自然科学版), 2008,(01) .
[19]马祖长,孙怡宁.温湿度检测的无线传感器网络[J]传感器技术, 2003,(12) .
[20]高峰.基于无线传感器网络的设施农业环境自动监控系统研究[D].浙江工业大学, 2009.
[2]李凤保,李凌.无线传感器网络技术综述[J].仪器仪表学报,2005,8:559-561.
[3]马保国,乔玲玲.无线传感器网络研究综述[J].计算机与数字工程,2008,9:50-53.48
[4]陈丹,郑增威.李际军.无线传感器网络研究综述[J].计算机测量与控制,2004,12(8):701-704.
[5]缪强.无线传感器网络研究与实现[D].杭州,浙江大学计算机学院,2004
[6]崔莉,鞠海玲.无线传感器网络研究进展[J].计算机研究与发展,2005,42(1):163-174.
[7]马增辉,李炳法.无线传感器网络MAC层协议研究综述[J].信息科学,2007,6.
[8]任丰原,黄海宁,林闯.无线传感器网络[J].软件学报,2003,Vol.14(07):1282-1291.
[9]Mainwaring A,Polastre J,Szewczyk R,et al.Wireless sensor networks for habitat monitoring[A].ACM WSNA'02[C].Atlanta,Georgia,2002,9.
[10]Cerpa A,Elson J,Hamilton M.et al.Habitat monitoring: application driver for wireless communications technology[A].ACM SIGCOMM’2000[C].Costa,Rica,2001,4.
[11]Steere D C,Baptista A,et al.Research challenges in environment alobservation and forecasting systems[A].Proc.6 ACM/IEEE MobiCOM[C].2000,8:292-299.
[12]Bonnet P,Gehrke J,et al.Querying the physical world[J].IEEE Personal Communications,2000,10:10-15.
[13]Shih E,Cho S,Ickes N,et al.Physical layer driven protocol and algorithm design for energy-efficient wireless sensor networks[A].Proceedings of ACM MobiCom′01[C].Rome,Italy,2001,7:272-286.
[14]张洪润,张亚凡.传感器技术与应用教程[M].清华大学出版社,2005,4.
[15]任勇,无线智能集中抄表系统的应用,城市公共事业,2006,Vo l.20(7):39-42.
[16]M.Weiser,The Computer for the 21st Century,Sci.Amer,Sept 1991.
[17]梁玉芬,高德云,牛延超,霍宏伟.无线传感器网络应用系统综述[J]电子技术应用, 2007,(09) .
[18]杜晓明,陈岩.无线传感器网络研究现状与应用[J]北京工商大学学报(自然科学版), 2008,(01) .
[19]马祖长,孙怡宁.温湿度检测的无线传感器网络[J]传感器技术, 2003,(12) .
[20]高峰.基于无线传感器网络的设施农业环境自动监控系统研究[D].浙江工业大学, 2009.