X-DSP多功能音频串口的设计与实现
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摘要
数字信号处理器(digital signal processors, DSP)是一种具有特殊结构的微处理器,是数字信号处理系统的核心部件。随着数字信号处理算法和CMOS设计工艺的进步,DSP已经在通信、军事、控制、家电等各个领域得到了广泛应用。数字音频串口是嵌入式微处理器中一种重要的外设接口。本文所设计和实现的多功能音频串口就是我校自主设计一款高性能32位DSP, X-DSP中的一种重要外设。
X-DSP多功能音频串口内部工作在DSP系统时钟域,最高为300MHz,在端口上最大频率为30MHz。除兼容的基本串口通信外,还具有多通道和多数链路的特点,能有效支持I2S、TDM和S/PDIF等常用数字音频通信协议。高度可配置的时钟和灵活多样的数据格式处理也很好的拓展了X-DSP在音频处理系统中的应用。
论文主要工作如下:
(1)深入研究DSP在音频应用领域的应用,DSP常用的数字音频接口及其在音频通信中的不足和常见的音频通信协议。
(2)论文研究设计了X-DSP的多功能音频串口部件的系统结构,分别针对多总线处理、数据格式化、时钟和帧同步、串行器等功能模块进行了详细的逻辑设计。
(3)深入研究了音频串口中的多时钟域信号对接方法,分别实现了单信号和多位关信号的跨时钟域传递;设计了专门的时钟切换电路,实现了不同时钟源间的无缝平滑切换。
(4)完成了音频串口的模拟验证和综合,结果表明论文设计的多功能音频串口单元功能正确、性能满足设计要求。
Digital signal processor (DSP) is a kind microprocessors with special structure, which is the most important part of the digital signal processing systems. With the advances of digital signal process algorithm and CMOS process, DSP is being widely used in the communications, military, control, household appliances and so on. Digital audio serial port is an important peripheral interface in the embedded microprocessors. multi-function audio serial port designed and implemented in this paper is an important peripheral of X-DSP, which is Independently designed in our school.
The port ran at the DSP system clock which up to 300MHz inside, and at the port the largest frequency is 30MHz. It compatible with the basic serial communication, but also supports multi-channel and multiple data links and effectively support I2S, TDM, and S / PDIF and other digital audio commonly used communication protocols. Highly configurable clocks and flexible data format are also well extend applications in audio processing system of X-DSP.
The main contents in this thesis are as follows:
(1) In-depth research the applications of DSP in audio applications, DSP commonly used in audio digital audio interface and its lack of communication,and common audio communication protocols.
(2) Research and design the system structure of the X-DSP multi-function audio serial port, respectively. Complete the detailed logic design the functional modules: multi-bus processing, data format, clock and frame synchronization, serial device and so on.
(3) In-depth research signals switching in the multi-clocks domains of the audio serial port, implement the coross clock transfer domains for singal signal and mutltiple signals; Design a special clock switching circuit, and implement seamless smooth between the different clock sources.
(4) Complet simulation and verification of the audio serial port and synthesis, the results show that the multi-function audio serial port designed in this thesis has the correct functionality,and its performance to meet the design requirements.
X-DSP多功能音频串口内部工作在DSP系统时钟域,最高为300MHz,在端口上最大频率为30MHz。除兼容的基本串口通信外,还具有多通道和多数链路的特点,能有效支持I2S、TDM和S/PDIF等常用数字音频通信协议。高度可配置的时钟和灵活多样的数据格式处理也很好的拓展了X-DSP在音频处理系统中的应用。
论文主要工作如下:
(1)深入研究DSP在音频应用领域的应用,DSP常用的数字音频接口及其在音频通信中的不足和常见的音频通信协议。
(2)论文研究设计了X-DSP的多功能音频串口部件的系统结构,分别针对多总线处理、数据格式化、时钟和帧同步、串行器等功能模块进行了详细的逻辑设计。
(3)深入研究了音频串口中的多时钟域信号对接方法,分别实现了单信号和多位关信号的跨时钟域传递;设计了专门的时钟切换电路,实现了不同时钟源间的无缝平滑切换。
(4)完成了音频串口的模拟验证和综合,结果表明论文设计的多功能音频串口单元功能正确、性能满足设计要求。
Digital signal processor (DSP) is a kind microprocessors with special structure, which is the most important part of the digital signal processing systems. With the advances of digital signal process algorithm and CMOS process, DSP is being widely used in the communications, military, control, household appliances and so on. Digital audio serial port is an important peripheral interface in the embedded microprocessors. multi-function audio serial port designed and implemented in this paper is an important peripheral of X-DSP, which is Independently designed in our school.
The port ran at the DSP system clock which up to 300MHz inside, and at the port the largest frequency is 30MHz. It compatible with the basic serial communication, but also supports multi-channel and multiple data links and effectively support I2S, TDM, and S / PDIF and other digital audio commonly used communication protocols. Highly configurable clocks and flexible data format are also well extend applications in audio processing system of X-DSP.
The main contents in this thesis are as follows:
(1) In-depth research the applications of DSP in audio applications, DSP commonly used in audio digital audio interface and its lack of communication,and common audio communication protocols.
(2) Research and design the system structure of the X-DSP multi-function audio serial port, respectively. Complete the detailed logic design the functional modules: multi-bus processing, data format, clock and frame synchronization, serial device and so on.
(3) In-depth research signals switching in the multi-clocks domains of the audio serial port, implement the coross clock transfer domains for singal signal and mutltiple signals; Design a special clock switching circuit, and implement seamless smooth between the different clock sources.
(4) Complet simulation and verification of the audio serial port and synthesis, the results show that the multi-function audio serial port designed in this thesis has the correct functionality,and its performance to meet the design requirements.
引文
[1]曾义芳. DSP基础知识及系列芯片.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社. 2006.
[2]张雄伟,曹铁勇. DSP芯片的原理与开发应用(第2版).北京:机械工业出版社. 2000.
[3]吴冬梅,张玉杰. DSP技术及应用.北京:北京大学出版社.2006.
[4]李方慧,王飞,何佩. TMS320C6000系列DSP原理与应用.北京:电子工业出版社. 2003.
[5] I2S Bus Specification. Philips Semiconductors. 1986.
[6] http://www.spdifworld.com.
[7]薛子恒. X-DSP串行接口部件的设计与实现.国防科学技术大学研究生院硕士学位论文. 2008,3.
[8]吕江波,虞露. S/PDIF数字音频接口和接收机中的数据译码实现.电声技术. 2002(9).
[9]冯超超,衣晓飞.半定制/全定制混合电路设计流程中的验证方法研究.长沙:国防科学技术大学硕士研究生论文. 2007,11.
[10] Janick Bergeron. Writing Testbenches: Functional Verification of HDL Models. The Second Edition. Kluwer Academic Publishers. 2004.
[11]王彬,任艳颖.数字IC系统设计.西安:西安电子科学技术大学. 2005.
[12] Paul Wilcox. PROFESSIONAL VERIFICATION: A Guide to Advanced Functional Verification. Kluwer Academic Publishers. 2004.
[13]梁斌,孙永节.微处理器系统级验证平台的研究.中国算机学会第八届计算机工程与工艺学术年会,昆明. 2003,8.
[14]汪东,马剑武,陈书明.基本Gray码的异步FIFO接口技术及其应用.计算机科学与技术. 2005(1).
[15]陆维佳,潘玉.FPGA设计中毛刺问题的研究.现代电子技术. 2005(9).
[16]张娅莉.同步逻辑电路设计基础.电气开关. 2002(6).
[17] Weng Fook Lee. Verilog Codeing for Logic Synthesis. John Wily & Sons,Inc. 2004.
[18] David J. Kinniment. Synchronization and Arbitration in Digital Systems. John Wiley & Sons. Ltd.
[19] Janick Bergeron著,张春,陈新凯,李晓雯等译.编写测试平台——HDL模型的功能验证(第二版).北京:电子工业出版社. 2006.
[20] Bhasker J.著,徐振林等译. Verilog HDL硬件描述语言.北京:机械工业出版社. 2000.7.
[21]张晨曦,王志英,张春元,戴葵.计算机体系结构.北京:高等教育出版社. 2000.
[22] TMS320C6000 DSP Enhanced Direct Memory Access (EDMA) ControllerReference Guide. Texas Instruments Inc. 2004.
[23] Crossing the Abyss. Asynchronous Signals in Synchronous World. Paradigm Works Inc. 2004.
[24] Clifford E. Cummings. Simulation and Synthesis Techniques for Asynchronous FIFO Design. Sunburst Design,Inc. 2002.
[25] Himanshu Bhatnagar. ADVANCED ASIC CHIP SYNTHESIS(the second edition). KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS. 2002.
[26] TMS320C6000 CPU and Instruction Set Reference Guide. Texas Instruments Inc. 2000.
[27] TMS320C6000 Peripherals Reference Guide. Texas Instruments Inc. 2003.
[28] TMS320C6000 DSP Multichannel Audio Serial Port (McASP) Reference Guide. Texas Instruments Inc. 2008.
[29] Michael D. Ciletti著.张雅绮,李锵等译.Verilog HDL高级数字设计.北京:电子工业出版社. 2005.
[30] Jan M. Rabaey, Anantha CHandrakasan, Borivoje NikoLic著,周润德等译.数字集成电路━━电路、系统与设计(第二版).北京:电子工业出版社.2005.
[31] TMS320C6000 Programmer’s Guide. Texas Instruments Inc. 2002.
[32] Lionel Bening, Harry Foster. Principles of Verifiable RTL Design(Second Edition). Kluwer Academic Publishers. 2001.
[33]周明得,蒋本珊.微机原理与接口技术.北京:人民邮电出版社, 2002.
[34]郭炜,郭筝,谢憬. SoC设计方法与实现.北京:电子工业出版社. 2007.
[35]陆锋,武乾文,周亚丽,陶雪峰. TMS320C6X DSP结构与测试方法研究.中国集成电路. 2006(9).
[36] Understanding Metastability in FPGAs. Altera Corporation. 2009.
[37]杜旭,王夏泉. ASIC中的异步时序设计.微电子学. 2004(5).
[38] Michael Crews and Yong Yuenyongsgool. Practical design for transferring signals between clock domains.www.edn.com.
[39] http://focus.ti.com.cn/cn/docs/solution/folders/print/376.html#
[40] TMS320DM357 DMSoC Audio Serial Port (ASP) Interface Reference Guide. Texas Instruments Inc. 2008.
[41] TMS320DM357 Digital Media System-on-Chip Data Sheet. Texas Instruments Inc. 2008.
[42] TMD320DM357 DMSoC Peripherals Overview Reference Guide. Texas Instruments Inc. 2008.
[43]赵红怡. DSP技术与应用实例(第2版).北京:电子工业出版社.2008.
[44]卢官明,宗昉.数据音频原理及应用.北京:机械工业出版社.2004. Blackfin Embedded Symmetric Multiprocessor ADSP-BF561. Analog Devices, Inc. 2009.
[2]张雄伟,曹铁勇. DSP芯片的原理与开发应用(第2版).北京:机械工业出版社. 2000.
[3]吴冬梅,张玉杰. DSP技术及应用.北京:北京大学出版社.2006.
[4]李方慧,王飞,何佩. TMS320C6000系列DSP原理与应用.北京:电子工业出版社. 2003.
[5] I2S Bus Specification. Philips Semiconductors. 1986.
[6] http://www.spdifworld.com.
[7]薛子恒. X-DSP串行接口部件的设计与实现.国防科学技术大学研究生院硕士学位论文. 2008,3.
[8]吕江波,虞露. S/PDIF数字音频接口和接收机中的数据译码实现.电声技术. 2002(9).
[9]冯超超,衣晓飞.半定制/全定制混合电路设计流程中的验证方法研究.长沙:国防科学技术大学硕士研究生论文. 2007,11.
[10] Janick Bergeron. Writing Testbenches: Functional Verification of HDL Models. The Second Edition. Kluwer Academic Publishers. 2004.
[11]王彬,任艳颖.数字IC系统设计.西安:西安电子科学技术大学. 2005.
[12] Paul Wilcox. PROFESSIONAL VERIFICATION: A Guide to Advanced Functional Verification. Kluwer Academic Publishers. 2004.
[13]梁斌,孙永节.微处理器系统级验证平台的研究.中国算机学会第八届计算机工程与工艺学术年会,昆明. 2003,8.
[14]汪东,马剑武,陈书明.基本Gray码的异步FIFO接口技术及其应用.计算机科学与技术. 2005(1).
[15]陆维佳,潘玉.FPGA设计中毛刺问题的研究.现代电子技术. 2005(9).
[16]张娅莉.同步逻辑电路设计基础.电气开关. 2002(6).
[17] Weng Fook Lee. Verilog Codeing for Logic Synthesis. John Wily & Sons,Inc. 2004.
[18] David J. Kinniment. Synchronization and Arbitration in Digital Systems. John Wiley & Sons. Ltd.
[19] Janick Bergeron著,张春,陈新凯,李晓雯等译.编写测试平台——HDL模型的功能验证(第二版).北京:电子工业出版社. 2006.
[20] Bhasker J.著,徐振林等译. Verilog HDL硬件描述语言.北京:机械工业出版社. 2000.7.
[21]张晨曦,王志英,张春元,戴葵.计算机体系结构.北京:高等教育出版社. 2000.
[22] TMS320C6000 DSP Enhanced Direct Memory Access (EDMA) ControllerReference Guide. Texas Instruments Inc. 2004.
[23] Crossing the Abyss. Asynchronous Signals in Synchronous World. Paradigm Works Inc. 2004.
[24] Clifford E. Cummings. Simulation and Synthesis Techniques for Asynchronous FIFO Design. Sunburst Design,Inc. 2002.
[25] Himanshu Bhatnagar. ADVANCED ASIC CHIP SYNTHESIS(the second edition). KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS. 2002.
[26] TMS320C6000 CPU and Instruction Set Reference Guide. Texas Instruments Inc. 2000.
[27] TMS320C6000 Peripherals Reference Guide. Texas Instruments Inc. 2003.
[28] TMS320C6000 DSP Multichannel Audio Serial Port (McASP) Reference Guide. Texas Instruments Inc. 2008.
[29] Michael D. Ciletti著.张雅绮,李锵等译.Verilog HDL高级数字设计.北京:电子工业出版社. 2005.
[30] Jan M. Rabaey, Anantha CHandrakasan, Borivoje NikoLic著,周润德等译.数字集成电路━━电路、系统与设计(第二版).北京:电子工业出版社.2005.
[31] TMS320C6000 Programmer’s Guide. Texas Instruments Inc. 2002.
[32] Lionel Bening, Harry Foster. Principles of Verifiable RTL Design(Second Edition). Kluwer Academic Publishers. 2001.
[33]周明得,蒋本珊.微机原理与接口技术.北京:人民邮电出版社, 2002.
[34]郭炜,郭筝,谢憬. SoC设计方法与实现.北京:电子工业出版社. 2007.
[35]陆锋,武乾文,周亚丽,陶雪峰. TMS320C6X DSP结构与测试方法研究.中国集成电路. 2006(9).
[36] Understanding Metastability in FPGAs. Altera Corporation. 2009.
[37]杜旭,王夏泉. ASIC中的异步时序设计.微电子学. 2004(5).
[38] Michael Crews and Yong Yuenyongsgool. Practical design for transferring signals between clock domains.www.edn.com.
[39] http://focus.ti.com.cn/cn/docs/solution/folders/print/376.html#
[40] TMS320DM357 DMSoC Audio Serial Port (ASP) Interface Reference Guide. Texas Instruments Inc. 2008.
[41] TMS320DM357 Digital Media System-on-Chip Data Sheet. Texas Instruments Inc. 2008.
[42] TMD320DM357 DMSoC Peripherals Overview Reference Guide. Texas Instruments Inc. 2008.
[43]赵红怡. DSP技术与应用实例(第2版).北京:电子工业出版社.2008.
[44]卢官明,宗昉.数据音频原理及应用.北京:机械工业出版社.2004. Blackfin Embedded Symmetric Multiprocessor ADSP-BF561. Analog Devices, Inc. 2009.