乙醇动态浸取银杏黄酮的优化研究
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摘要
中药的提取过程在我国有悠久的历史,提高有效成分的收率,降低生产成本,应当利用现代化技术对提取过程进行研究和分析。为此,本文提出了“动态浸取”的概念,是中药的一种提取方式。普通的中药动态浸取与静态浸取不同,在搅拌的作用下,溶剂与物料之间具有较强流动性,从而提高了传质速率。在本文实验中,以银杏叶为原料,以黄酮类化合物为质量指标,比较了动态浸取和静态浸取对浸取速率和浸取率的影响,同时研究在动态浸取时温度,料液比,搅拌速率以及桨叶型式对浸取速率和浸取率的影响。
搅拌装置是工业上常用的一种设备流体随搅拌运动并在搅拌釜的作用下产生复杂的三维流动;另外一相的加入,会使流动变得更加复杂。长期以来,人们一直在研究搅拌槽内的流动状况,并取得了很大的进展。将传统的有机溶剂浸取和搅拌装置相结合应用到银杏叶主要活性成分的提取中对实验方法和理论研究都有重要意义。
本文研究了银杏叶中主要的生理活性物质黄酮类化合物的乙醇提取工艺。将传统的正交试验和动力装置搅拌系统相结合,研究了动态情况下,搅拌速度,温度,乙醇浓度,料液比以及浸取时间等因素对浸取率和浸取速率的影响。定量分析因素变化规律和寻找参数最优组合。选用722型分光光度计对银杏叶浸取液中的黄酮化合物进行测量。实验结果表明,浸提温度为75℃,乙醇浓度为50%,料液比为1:30,搅拌速率为160 r/min浸取效果最好。该优化工艺条件在实际生产中应用,不仅降低了生产成本,降低了能耗,而且提高了黄酮类化合物的浸提率,取得了较好的成效。从实验可以看出:在进行动态浸取时,在一定温度范围内,三叶轴流式桨叶的搅拌效果最好,随着搅拌速度的增大,黄酮类化合物的浸取速率和浸取率也增加。同时,浸取率随温度的升高而增大。随着料液比的增加,浸取率也有所增加。
本课题的研究是新世纪化工机械与生物制药领域的一项新的尝试,克服了一般溶剂分离天然药物的不足,具有非常广阔的发展前景,必将产生巨大的经济效益和社会效益。
The extraction of natural plants has a long history. increasing the yield and decreasing the cost should be analyzed and researched by modern technology during the process of extraction. Dynamic extraction of natural plants to take the valid composition is distinct from stationary extraction. Under the influence of agitation, there is a strong mobility between the solvents and materials, so the velocity of convection mass transfer is enhanced. In this experiment, with the leaf of Gingko leaf as the material, with the falconoid compound as quality criterion, the affect of dynamic extraction and stationary extraction has been compared, and the affect of the temperature ,the ratio of stuff and impregnate, the velocity of whisk and the figure of oar have been investigated.
Stieeed tank reactors are widely used in industry. In a stirred tank, the swirling flow driven by the impeller interacts with the stationary baffles,and complex three-dimensional unsteady flow is resultd. The flow becomes more complex if a second phase in introduced. Tremendous efforts have been devoted to modeling of the flow in stirred tanks,and great progress has been achieved.
The extracting technology of flavonoids in gingko leaves with ethanol was studied. Combined dynamical equipment whisking system with traditional orthogonal design, the change regularity of each factor can be analysed and the optimum combination can be found. The flavonoids in gingko leaves were measured by 722 raster spectrophotometer. By using this new method, the optimum extraction condition was obtained as follows: extracting temperature 75℃, ethanol concentration 50%, ratio of solid-liquid 1:30 and whisking rate 160r/min. Applying this extracting technology, the costs of production was reduced, the energy consuming was decreased, and the flavonoid content was increased. The results show that this new method is reasonable and practicable.
The results show that, The effect of three—leaves axis flow oar is the best. Along with the increase of the velocity of whisk, the velocity of extraction and the quantity of extraction increase too. Along with the ratio of stuff and impregnate increase, the velocity of extraction increases too. Along with the dynamic extraction, in stated bound of temperature, the effect of the velocity of convection is comparably bigger, the quantity of extraction aggrandizement with the hoist of temperature.
搅拌装置是工业上常用的一种设备流体随搅拌运动并在搅拌釜的作用下产生复杂的三维流动;另外一相的加入,会使流动变得更加复杂。长期以来,人们一直在研究搅拌槽内的流动状况,并取得了很大的进展。将传统的有机溶剂浸取和搅拌装置相结合应用到银杏叶主要活性成分的提取中对实验方法和理论研究都有重要意义。
本文研究了银杏叶中主要的生理活性物质黄酮类化合物的乙醇提取工艺。将传统的正交试验和动力装置搅拌系统相结合,研究了动态情况下,搅拌速度,温度,乙醇浓度,料液比以及浸取时间等因素对浸取率和浸取速率的影响。定量分析因素变化规律和寻找参数最优组合。选用722型分光光度计对银杏叶浸取液中的黄酮化合物进行测量。实验结果表明,浸提温度为75℃,乙醇浓度为50%,料液比为1:30,搅拌速率为160 r/min浸取效果最好。该优化工艺条件在实际生产中应用,不仅降低了生产成本,降低了能耗,而且提高了黄酮类化合物的浸提率,取得了较好的成效。从实验可以看出:在进行动态浸取时,在一定温度范围内,三叶轴流式桨叶的搅拌效果最好,随着搅拌速度的增大,黄酮类化合物的浸取速率和浸取率也增加。同时,浸取率随温度的升高而增大。随着料液比的增加,浸取率也有所增加。
本课题的研究是新世纪化工机械与生物制药领域的一项新的尝试,克服了一般溶剂分离天然药物的不足,具有非常广阔的发展前景,必将产生巨大的经济效益和社会效益。
The extraction of natural plants has a long history. increasing the yield and decreasing the cost should be analyzed and researched by modern technology during the process of extraction. Dynamic extraction of natural plants to take the valid composition is distinct from stationary extraction. Under the influence of agitation, there is a strong mobility between the solvents and materials, so the velocity of convection mass transfer is enhanced. In this experiment, with the leaf of Gingko leaf as the material, with the falconoid compound as quality criterion, the affect of dynamic extraction and stationary extraction has been compared, and the affect of the temperature ,the ratio of stuff and impregnate, the velocity of whisk and the figure of oar have been investigated.
Stieeed tank reactors are widely used in industry. In a stirred tank, the swirling flow driven by the impeller interacts with the stationary baffles,and complex three-dimensional unsteady flow is resultd. The flow becomes more complex if a second phase in introduced. Tremendous efforts have been devoted to modeling of the flow in stirred tanks,and great progress has been achieved.
The extracting technology of flavonoids in gingko leaves with ethanol was studied. Combined dynamical equipment whisking system with traditional orthogonal design, the change regularity of each factor can be analysed and the optimum combination can be found. The flavonoids in gingko leaves were measured by 722 raster spectrophotometer. By using this new method, the optimum extraction condition was obtained as follows: extracting temperature 75℃, ethanol concentration 50%, ratio of solid-liquid 1:30 and whisking rate 160r/min. Applying this extracting technology, the costs of production was reduced, the energy consuming was decreased, and the flavonoid content was increased. The results show that this new method is reasonable and practicable.
The results show that, The effect of three—leaves axis flow oar is the best. Along with the increase of the velocity of whisk, the velocity of extraction and the quantity of extraction increase too. Along with the ratio of stuff and impregnate increase, the velocity of extraction increases too. Along with the dynamic extraction, in stated bound of temperature, the effect of the velocity of convection is comparably bigger, the quantity of extraction aggrandizement with the hoist of temperature.
引文
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