裙房与塔楼错层对转换层结构受力及变形的影响研究
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摘要
近年来,随着高层建筑的蓬勃兴起,复杂结构特别是转换层结构在高层建筑中的应用越来越多。由此,在实际的工程设计中,新的问题不断出现,转换层楼板与裙房屋面出现的错层问题就是比较典型的一种,而规范明确规定底部带转换层的高层建筑结构的框支层周围楼板不应错层布置,所以有必要对带有这种错层形式的转换层结构进行一定的分析探讨。
本文首先综述了转换层结构与错层结构的应用与研究现状,概述了结构有限元计算的基本原理及模态分析与反应谱分析的基本方法;再针对具体的工程实例,运用SAP2000对其进行整体及局部分析,比较该转换层结构在错层与不错层两种情况下受力与变形性能的异同,通过对计算结果的比较发现,裙房屋面与转换层楼板的错层不会对结构整体的内力与侧移产生影响,但转换层局部会发生一定的变化。
通过改变结构的布置,重点分析在不同的错层高度下,裙房屋面与转换层楼板的错层对结构的整体与局部的受力及变形产生的影响的差异,探讨其变化的规律;本文计算结果表明,随着裙房屋面板与转换层楼板相对位置的不同,在水平地震作用下,转换层及其上下层的楼层剪力在各组竖向构件之间的分配比例会发生变化,框支柱及落地墙的最大内力随着裙房屋面的不断上移而有增大的趋势,而转换梁的扭矩并没有显著地增大;最后,简要分析与比较当转换层位置与框支柱的刚度发生变化时,错层对结构影响的差异。
本文研究的目的在于探讨这种楼板错层对转换层结构的受力及变形的影响程度,为以后的设计工作提供一定的参考。
In recent years, with the flourishing development of high-rise buildings, complex structure especially the transfer story structure have been applied more widely. Therefore more and more new problems turn up. Then the staggered floor between skirt building roof and transfer floor is a typical one. But the code rules that the floor around the bearing frame story of partial frame-supported shear wall structure should not be arranged staggeringly. So it is necessary to analyze on this kind of transfer story structure.
This paper first summarizes the application and research actuality of transfer story structure and staggerd floor structure. Subsequently the essential principle of finite element calculation and the basic method of modal analysis as well as response spectrum analysis are introduced. Then the author uses SAP2000 to do the modeling calculation on a practical project in order to find the difference about force and deformation of the structure between the two conditions of normal and staggered floors. The comparison of results indicates that there is no obvious change about the force and deformation of the whole structure influenced by staggered floors. But the partial structure around the transfer story is affected.
The author discusses the influence on this kind of transfer story structure by the split-level height. With the change of staggering height owning to the rise of skirt building roof, the distribution proportion of the storey shearing force on different vertical members has changed significantly around the transfer floor under the load of horizontal seismic. And the maximum internal force of the frame-supporting columns and the shear walls linked with ground increase gradually following with the rise of skirt building roof. But the torsion of transfer beams haven’t changed largely. Finally, the position of transfer story and the stiffness of the frame-supporting column are considered to affected on the structure with staggered floors.
The purpose of this paper is to find the influence degree of the staggered form between skirt building roof and transfer floor on the force and deformation of the structure. It’s hoped to provide a reference for the design works in the future.
本文首先综述了转换层结构与错层结构的应用与研究现状,概述了结构有限元计算的基本原理及模态分析与反应谱分析的基本方法;再针对具体的工程实例,运用SAP2000对其进行整体及局部分析,比较该转换层结构在错层与不错层两种情况下受力与变形性能的异同,通过对计算结果的比较发现,裙房屋面与转换层楼板的错层不会对结构整体的内力与侧移产生影响,但转换层局部会发生一定的变化。
通过改变结构的布置,重点分析在不同的错层高度下,裙房屋面与转换层楼板的错层对结构的整体与局部的受力及变形产生的影响的差异,探讨其变化的规律;本文计算结果表明,随着裙房屋面板与转换层楼板相对位置的不同,在水平地震作用下,转换层及其上下层的楼层剪力在各组竖向构件之间的分配比例会发生变化,框支柱及落地墙的最大内力随着裙房屋面的不断上移而有增大的趋势,而转换梁的扭矩并没有显著地增大;最后,简要分析与比较当转换层位置与框支柱的刚度发生变化时,错层对结构影响的差异。
本文研究的目的在于探讨这种楼板错层对转换层结构的受力及变形的影响程度,为以后的设计工作提供一定的参考。
In recent years, with the flourishing development of high-rise buildings, complex structure especially the transfer story structure have been applied more widely. Therefore more and more new problems turn up. Then the staggered floor between skirt building roof and transfer floor is a typical one. But the code rules that the floor around the bearing frame story of partial frame-supported shear wall structure should not be arranged staggeringly. So it is necessary to analyze on this kind of transfer story structure.
This paper first summarizes the application and research actuality of transfer story structure and staggerd floor structure. Subsequently the essential principle of finite element calculation and the basic method of modal analysis as well as response spectrum analysis are introduced. Then the author uses SAP2000 to do the modeling calculation on a practical project in order to find the difference about force and deformation of the structure between the two conditions of normal and staggered floors. The comparison of results indicates that there is no obvious change about the force and deformation of the whole structure influenced by staggered floors. But the partial structure around the transfer story is affected.
The author discusses the influence on this kind of transfer story structure by the split-level height. With the change of staggering height owning to the rise of skirt building roof, the distribution proportion of the storey shearing force on different vertical members has changed significantly around the transfer floor under the load of horizontal seismic. And the maximum internal force of the frame-supporting columns and the shear walls linked with ground increase gradually following with the rise of skirt building roof. But the torsion of transfer beams haven’t changed largely. Finally, the position of transfer story and the stiffness of the frame-supporting column are considered to affected on the structure with staggered floors.
The purpose of this paper is to find the influence degree of the staggered form between skirt building roof and transfer floor on the force and deformation of the structure. It’s hoped to provide a reference for the design works in the future.
引文
[1]张仲先,王海波.高层建筑结构设计[M].北京:北京大学出版社, 2006
[2]中华人民共和国行业标准:高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2002
[3]娄宇,魏琏,丁大钧.高层建筑中转换层结构的应用和发展[J].建筑结构, 1997(1): 21-26
[4]朱立刚,程芳.《高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程》若干问题讨论[J].工业建筑, 2006, 36(10): 86-89
[5]苏原,李黎,陈传尧等.结构计算模型与结构设计[J].建筑科学, 2005, 21(1): 70-74
[6]赵玉星,张晓杰.高层或多层建筑中错层的一种结构构造处理[J].工业建筑, 2005, 35(6): 95-96
[7]唐兴荣.高层建筑转换层结构设计与施工[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2002
[8]赵西安.现代高层建筑结构设计[M].北京:科学出版社, 2000
[9]郝锐坤,徐培福,黄宝清.底层大空间上层鱼骨式剪力墙结构十二层模型纵向拟动力试验研究[J].建筑科学, 1986(4): 9-15
[10]徐培福,郝锐坤,吴廉仲.底层大空间鱼骨式剪力墙结构抗震设计[J].建筑科学, 1986(4): 3-7
[11]娄宇,丁大钧,魏琏.上部开洞剪力墙转换大梁结构的试验研究[J].东南大学学报, 1996, 26(6B): 115-120
[12]王森,魏琏,韦承基.高层建筑转换梁结构承载能力及配筋方法的试验研究[J].建筑结构学报, 2001, 22(2): 8-17
[13] J.H.Li, R.K.L.Su, A.M.Chandler. Assessment of Low-rise Building with Transfer Beam under Seismic Forces[J]. Engineering Structures, 2003(25): 1537-1549
[14]张誉,赵鸣,袁兴隆等.空腹桁架式结构转换层的试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,1999,20(6):11-17
[15]唐兴荣,何若全,丁大均等.带预应力混凝土桁架转换层结构模型的拟动力试验研究[J].南京工业大学学报, 2003, 25(2): 14-19
[16] J.S.Kuang, Jawaharlal Puvvala. Continuous Transfer Beams Supporting in-plane Loaded Shear Walls in Tall Buildings[J]. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 1996(5): 281-293
[17] J.S.Kuang, A.I.Atanda. Interaction Based Analysis of Continuous Transfer Girder System Supporting in-plane Loaded Coupled Shear Walls[J]. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 1998(7): 285-293
[18] J.S.Kuang, S.B.Li. Interaction-Based Design Tables for Transfer Beams Supporting in-plane Loaded Shear walls[J]. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 2001(10): 121-133
[19] J.S.Kuang, Z.J.Zhang. Analysis and Behaviour of Transfer Plate Shear-Wall Systems in Tall Buildings[J]. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 2003(12): 409-421
[20] C.S.Li, S.S.E.Lam, M.Z.Zhang, Y.L.Wong. Shaking Table Test of a 1:20 Scale High-Rise Building with a Transfer Plate System[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2006, 132(11): 1732-1744
[21] C.S.Li, S.S.E.Lam, Ph.D., A.Chen, Y.L.Wong. Seismic Performance of a Transfer Plate Structure[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2008, 134(11): 1705-1716
[22]徐培福,傅学怡,肖从真等.复杂高层建筑结构设计[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2005
[23]徐培福,王翠坤,郝锐坤等.转换层设置高度对框支剪力墙结构抗震性能的影响[J].建筑结构, 2000, 30(1): 38-42
[24]王森,魏琏.不同高位转换层对高层建筑动力特性和地震作用影响的研究[J].建筑结构, 2002, 32(8): 54-58
[25] F.J.Vecchio. Finite Element Modeling of Concrete Expansion and Confinement[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1992, 118(9): 2390-2406
[26] John Bolander Jr., James K. Wight. Finite Element Modeling of Shear-Wall Dominant Buildings[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1991, 117(6): 1719-1739
[27]娄宇,魏琏,丁大钧.梁式转换层有限元分析模型的选取[J].工程力学, 1997, 14(2): 23-27
[28]傅传国,娄宇.高层建筑梁式转换层有限元分析中一些问题的处理[J].山东建筑工程学院学报, 1997, 12(1): 9-14
[29]谢靖中,李国强,屠成松.错层结构的几点分析[J].建筑科学, 2001, 17(2): 35-38
[30] David Mahalel, Joseph Craus, A.Polus. Evaluation of Staggered and Cross Intersections[J]. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 1986, 112(5): 495-506
[31] K.N.V.Prasada Rao, K.Seetharamulu. Staggered Shear Panels in Tall Buildings[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1983, 109(5): 1174-1193
[32] K.N.V.Prasada Rao, K.Seetharamulu, S.Krishnamoorthy. Frames with Staggered Panels Experimental Study[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1984, 110(5): 1134-1148
[33] Aejaz Ali, James K.Wight. RC Structural Walls with Staggered Door Openings[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1991, 117(5): 1514-1531
[34] Jinkoo Kim, Joon-Ho Lee, Young-Moon Kim. Inelastic Behavior of Staggered Truss Systems[J]. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 2007(16): 85-105
[35]吴学敏.用空间协同程序计算错层结构的地震作用[J].建筑结构, 1989(5): 37-42
[36]尹保江,龚思礼.高层建筑中错层剪力墙的实验研究[J].建筑科学, 1999, 15(6): 18-20
[37]单桂林,董平.带错层的高层建筑结构抗震设计[J].工程抗震, 2004(3): 13-16
[38]苏慧,梁书亭,龚维明.错层结构扭转及地震反应分析[J].特种结构, 2005, 22(1):25-27
[39]陈勤.钢筋混凝土剪力墙错层高层结构抗震分析[J].建筑结构, 2006(36): 24-28
[40]王元汉,李丽娟,李银平.有限元法基础与程序设计[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社, 2001
[41]梁启智.高层建筑结构分析与设计[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社, 1992
[42]北京金土木软件技术有限公司,中国建筑标准设计研究院. SAP2000中文版使用指南[M].北京:人民交通出版社, 2006
[43]李哲明,陈清军.超大梁转换层结构两种分析方法的比较研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报. 2006, 38(4): 499-503
[44]娄宇,魏琏,丁大钧.梁式转换层设计中的一些问题探讨[J].四川建筑科学研究, 1996(1): 7-11
[45]梁书亭,马辉.转换层结构中转换梁、上部框架梁、框支柱相对刚度变化对结构受力性能的影响[J].工程力学增刊, 1998: 744-749
[2]中华人民共和国行业标准:高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2002
[3]娄宇,魏琏,丁大钧.高层建筑中转换层结构的应用和发展[J].建筑结构, 1997(1): 21-26
[4]朱立刚,程芳.《高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程》若干问题讨论[J].工业建筑, 2006, 36(10): 86-89
[5]苏原,李黎,陈传尧等.结构计算模型与结构设计[J].建筑科学, 2005, 21(1): 70-74
[6]赵玉星,张晓杰.高层或多层建筑中错层的一种结构构造处理[J].工业建筑, 2005, 35(6): 95-96
[7]唐兴荣.高层建筑转换层结构设计与施工[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2002
[8]赵西安.现代高层建筑结构设计[M].北京:科学出版社, 2000
[9]郝锐坤,徐培福,黄宝清.底层大空间上层鱼骨式剪力墙结构十二层模型纵向拟动力试验研究[J].建筑科学, 1986(4): 9-15
[10]徐培福,郝锐坤,吴廉仲.底层大空间鱼骨式剪力墙结构抗震设计[J].建筑科学, 1986(4): 3-7
[11]娄宇,丁大钧,魏琏.上部开洞剪力墙转换大梁结构的试验研究[J].东南大学学报, 1996, 26(6B): 115-120
[12]王森,魏琏,韦承基.高层建筑转换梁结构承载能力及配筋方法的试验研究[J].建筑结构学报, 2001, 22(2): 8-17
[13] J.H.Li, R.K.L.Su, A.M.Chandler. Assessment of Low-rise Building with Transfer Beam under Seismic Forces[J]. Engineering Structures, 2003(25): 1537-1549
[14]张誉,赵鸣,袁兴隆等.空腹桁架式结构转换层的试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,1999,20(6):11-17
[15]唐兴荣,何若全,丁大均等.带预应力混凝土桁架转换层结构模型的拟动力试验研究[J].南京工业大学学报, 2003, 25(2): 14-19
[16] J.S.Kuang, Jawaharlal Puvvala. Continuous Transfer Beams Supporting in-plane Loaded Shear Walls in Tall Buildings[J]. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 1996(5): 281-293
[17] J.S.Kuang, A.I.Atanda. Interaction Based Analysis of Continuous Transfer Girder System Supporting in-plane Loaded Coupled Shear Walls[J]. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 1998(7): 285-293
[18] J.S.Kuang, S.B.Li. Interaction-Based Design Tables for Transfer Beams Supporting in-plane Loaded Shear walls[J]. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 2001(10): 121-133
[19] J.S.Kuang, Z.J.Zhang. Analysis and Behaviour of Transfer Plate Shear-Wall Systems in Tall Buildings[J]. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 2003(12): 409-421
[20] C.S.Li, S.S.E.Lam, M.Z.Zhang, Y.L.Wong. Shaking Table Test of a 1:20 Scale High-Rise Building with a Transfer Plate System[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2006, 132(11): 1732-1744
[21] C.S.Li, S.S.E.Lam, Ph.D., A.Chen, Y.L.Wong. Seismic Performance of a Transfer Plate Structure[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2008, 134(11): 1705-1716
[22]徐培福,傅学怡,肖从真等.复杂高层建筑结构设计[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2005
[23]徐培福,王翠坤,郝锐坤等.转换层设置高度对框支剪力墙结构抗震性能的影响[J].建筑结构, 2000, 30(1): 38-42
[24]王森,魏琏.不同高位转换层对高层建筑动力特性和地震作用影响的研究[J].建筑结构, 2002, 32(8): 54-58
[25] F.J.Vecchio. Finite Element Modeling of Concrete Expansion and Confinement[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1992, 118(9): 2390-2406
[26] John Bolander Jr., James K. Wight. Finite Element Modeling of Shear-Wall Dominant Buildings[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1991, 117(6): 1719-1739
[27]娄宇,魏琏,丁大钧.梁式转换层有限元分析模型的选取[J].工程力学, 1997, 14(2): 23-27
[28]傅传国,娄宇.高层建筑梁式转换层有限元分析中一些问题的处理[J].山东建筑工程学院学报, 1997, 12(1): 9-14
[29]谢靖中,李国强,屠成松.错层结构的几点分析[J].建筑科学, 2001, 17(2): 35-38
[30] David Mahalel, Joseph Craus, A.Polus. Evaluation of Staggered and Cross Intersections[J]. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 1986, 112(5): 495-506
[31] K.N.V.Prasada Rao, K.Seetharamulu. Staggered Shear Panels in Tall Buildings[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1983, 109(5): 1174-1193
[32] K.N.V.Prasada Rao, K.Seetharamulu, S.Krishnamoorthy. Frames with Staggered Panels Experimental Study[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1984, 110(5): 1134-1148
[33] Aejaz Ali, James K.Wight. RC Structural Walls with Staggered Door Openings[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1991, 117(5): 1514-1531
[34] Jinkoo Kim, Joon-Ho Lee, Young-Moon Kim. Inelastic Behavior of Staggered Truss Systems[J]. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 2007(16): 85-105
[35]吴学敏.用空间协同程序计算错层结构的地震作用[J].建筑结构, 1989(5): 37-42
[36]尹保江,龚思礼.高层建筑中错层剪力墙的实验研究[J].建筑科学, 1999, 15(6): 18-20
[37]单桂林,董平.带错层的高层建筑结构抗震设计[J].工程抗震, 2004(3): 13-16
[38]苏慧,梁书亭,龚维明.错层结构扭转及地震反应分析[J].特种结构, 2005, 22(1):25-27
[39]陈勤.钢筋混凝土剪力墙错层高层结构抗震分析[J].建筑结构, 2006(36): 24-28
[40]王元汉,李丽娟,李银平.有限元法基础与程序设计[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社, 2001
[41]梁启智.高层建筑结构分析与设计[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社, 1992
[42]北京金土木软件技术有限公司,中国建筑标准设计研究院. SAP2000中文版使用指南[M].北京:人民交通出版社, 2006
[43]李哲明,陈清军.超大梁转换层结构两种分析方法的比较研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报. 2006, 38(4): 499-503
[44]娄宇,魏琏,丁大钧.梁式转换层设计中的一些问题探讨[J].四川建筑科学研究, 1996(1): 7-11
[45]梁书亭,马辉.转换层结构中转换梁、上部框架梁、框支柱相对刚度变化对结构受力性能的影响[J].工程力学增刊, 1998: 744-749