“释能法”加固桁式组合拱桥结构计算分析研究
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摘要
桁式组合拱桥作为我国上世纪八十年代首创的一种新型桥型,以其结构轻盈美观、跨越能力强、省工省料、施工简便等突出优点,在近30年来得到了大力的推广。然而,经过近30年的发展和使用,这种桥型逐渐暴露出许多缺陷。及时地对这类病危桁式组合拱桥进行加固维修已到了刻不容缓的地步。然而,就目前传统的旧桥加固与维修方法对桁式组合拱桥来说,多数情况下所起的作用是相当有限的。
“释能法”是指将原来的无铰拱在拱脚部位采用特殊技术进行处理后,改变其结构体系和受力状态,使其在受力过程中通过调整结构内力,达到内力重新分配,发掘主拱的自身潜力,经济、快捷提高拱式桥梁承载力的新方法、新技术和新工艺。
随着“释能法”加固技术的深入研究和在多座桥梁的加固当中成功的运用,“释能法”加固技术被越来越多的人们所认可。尤其是2008年以蒙云教授为首的重庆交通大学课题组采用“释能法”加固技术成功的完成了贵州省源村大桥的加固,加固效果得到同行的高度认可。因此,进行“释能法”加固桁式组合拱桥结构计算分析研究具有十分重要的意义。
论文以法德大桥为工程背景,首先利用桥梁博士3.0建立法德大桥原桥有限元模型,模拟其施工过程,并进行恒载、活载及荷载组合作用下的静力分析,得出桁式组合拱桥病害和缺陷产生的主要原因。然后采用有限元结构计算软件ANSYS中的“接触面”模拟新拱脚处“释能槽”的受力状况,解决“释能法”加固桁式组合拱桥有限元计算中最重要的“释能槽”模拟问题。在此基础上,以法德大桥工程的实践为依托,通过建立“释能拱”和无铰拱两种体系的有限元模型,并对计算结果进行分析比较,验证了“释能法”提高桁式组合拱桥承载力的正确性,采用有限元计算“释能法”的可行性。证明采用“释能法”提高桁式组合拱桥承载力是安全的、可行的。对于“释能法”加固拱桥技术的推广应用具有一定的意义。
The trussed combination arch bridge originated by our country in the 1980's is such a new type. Compared with other kind bridge, it was simple and cost less, as well as benefits, so it had developed rapidly in the past 30 years. But many problems about this kind of bridge have arisen in recent years. Clearly, we must reinforcement and repair of these critically dangerous trussed combination arch bridges timely. However, the current traditional old bridge strengthening and maintenance methods of trussed combination arch bridge have played rather limited role in most cases.
“The method of released energy”(ER method) is a kind of new method, new technique and new craftwork to quickly improve carrying capacity of bridge. The method changes applied force system of main arch by processing arch springing with special technique, release internal force of main arch springing of original bridge, redistribute internal force of main arch, improve behavior of original bridge, explore potential of main arch oneself.
With the in-depth study of ER method reinforcement technology and more successful bridge reinforcement uses, ER method reinforcement technology has been recognized by more and more people. Especially in 2008 year, headed by Professor Meng, Chongqing Jiaotong University research group of "ER method," successfully completed the Yuancun bridge reinforcing project of Guizhou Province, reinforcing effect to be a high degree of peer recognition. So, it is of great significance to study the calculation and analysis of trussed combination arch bridges.
First, based on the first design and construction drawing, using Dr. bridge plane finite element analysis software, establishing plane finite element model of Fade bridge in Guizhou province to simulate the construction process, and through static analysis under constant load, the live load and load combinations, the author reached the result that the main reasons why diseases and deficiencies appear in trussed combination arch bridge. Second, using the finite element numerical analysis software ANSYS, simulate boundary conditions of ER arch bridge by“contact surface”, resolved the boundary conditions in finite element method which in reinforcing arch bridge. And then, take Fade bridge reinforcing project as an example, Through the establishment of a "ER arch " and the Non-hinged arch system, through the comparison of two finite element analysis results,it proved that ER method is right and safety and the finite element analysis is feasible. So, reinforcing old and dangerous trussed combination arch bridge with“the method of releasing energy”to improve bearing capacity is absolutely feasible. For the wide application of ER method has some significance.
“释能法”是指将原来的无铰拱在拱脚部位采用特殊技术进行处理后,改变其结构体系和受力状态,使其在受力过程中通过调整结构内力,达到内力重新分配,发掘主拱的自身潜力,经济、快捷提高拱式桥梁承载力的新方法、新技术和新工艺。
随着“释能法”加固技术的深入研究和在多座桥梁的加固当中成功的运用,“释能法”加固技术被越来越多的人们所认可。尤其是2008年以蒙云教授为首的重庆交通大学课题组采用“释能法”加固技术成功的完成了贵州省源村大桥的加固,加固效果得到同行的高度认可。因此,进行“释能法”加固桁式组合拱桥结构计算分析研究具有十分重要的意义。
论文以法德大桥为工程背景,首先利用桥梁博士3.0建立法德大桥原桥有限元模型,模拟其施工过程,并进行恒载、活载及荷载组合作用下的静力分析,得出桁式组合拱桥病害和缺陷产生的主要原因。然后采用有限元结构计算软件ANSYS中的“接触面”模拟新拱脚处“释能槽”的受力状况,解决“释能法”加固桁式组合拱桥有限元计算中最重要的“释能槽”模拟问题。在此基础上,以法德大桥工程的实践为依托,通过建立“释能拱”和无铰拱两种体系的有限元模型,并对计算结果进行分析比较,验证了“释能法”提高桁式组合拱桥承载力的正确性,采用有限元计算“释能法”的可行性。证明采用“释能法”提高桁式组合拱桥承载力是安全的、可行的。对于“释能法”加固拱桥技术的推广应用具有一定的意义。
The trussed combination arch bridge originated by our country in the 1980's is such a new type. Compared with other kind bridge, it was simple and cost less, as well as benefits, so it had developed rapidly in the past 30 years. But many problems about this kind of bridge have arisen in recent years. Clearly, we must reinforcement and repair of these critically dangerous trussed combination arch bridges timely. However, the current traditional old bridge strengthening and maintenance methods of trussed combination arch bridge have played rather limited role in most cases.
“The method of released energy”(ER method) is a kind of new method, new technique and new craftwork to quickly improve carrying capacity of bridge. The method changes applied force system of main arch by processing arch springing with special technique, release internal force of main arch springing of original bridge, redistribute internal force of main arch, improve behavior of original bridge, explore potential of main arch oneself.
With the in-depth study of ER method reinforcement technology and more successful bridge reinforcement uses, ER method reinforcement technology has been recognized by more and more people. Especially in 2008 year, headed by Professor Meng, Chongqing Jiaotong University research group of "ER method," successfully completed the Yuancun bridge reinforcing project of Guizhou Province, reinforcing effect to be a high degree of peer recognition. So, it is of great significance to study the calculation and analysis of trussed combination arch bridges.
First, based on the first design and construction drawing, using Dr. bridge plane finite element analysis software, establishing plane finite element model of Fade bridge in Guizhou province to simulate the construction process, and through static analysis under constant load, the live load and load combinations, the author reached the result that the main reasons why diseases and deficiencies appear in trussed combination arch bridge. Second, using the finite element numerical analysis software ANSYS, simulate boundary conditions of ER arch bridge by“contact surface”, resolved the boundary conditions in finite element method which in reinforcing arch bridge. And then, take Fade bridge reinforcing project as an example, Through the establishment of a "ER arch " and the Non-hinged arch system, through the comparison of two finite element analysis results,it proved that ER method is right and safety and the finite element analysis is feasible. So, reinforcing old and dangerous trussed combination arch bridge with“the method of releasing energy”to improve bearing capacity is absolutely feasible. For the wide application of ER method has some significance.
引文
[1]蒙云,卢波.桥梁加固与改造.人民交通出版社.2004
[2]刘来君,赵小星.桥梁加固设计施工技术.人民交通出版社.2004.3
[3]《中国公路》编辑部.加强旧危桥改造刻不容缓.中国公路.2001.4
[4]交通部公路科学研究所.旧桥加固技术与桥梁调查.1985
[5]魏光霞.初论四川现有公路桥梁利用改造价值及经济效益.中国公路学会桥梁工程学会1987年学术讨论会论文.人民交通出版社.1987
[6]蒙云.桥梁加固与改造.重庆大学出版社.1989.1
[7]陈天本.桁式组合拱桥[M]..北京.人民交通出版社.2001
[8]上官兴,任亮,徐燕.钢管砼拉索组合拱桥[J].湖南交通科技.2006.4
[9]曹伟.桁式组合拱桥典型病害及其对力学性能的影响研究.重庆交通大学硕士学位论文.2009.4
[10]贵州省交通科学研究院.桁式组合拱桥调研报告.2005.1 [11中交桥宇技术有限公司.金沙源村大桥荷载试验检测报告[R]北京.中交桥宇技术有限公司.2008.3 [12 ]戚志河.释能拱结构计算原理、模型及方法的研究.重庆交通大学硕士学位论文.2007.4
[13]吴察微,王泽锋.碳纤维布在桥梁加固工程中的应用.中外公路[J] .2004.24(1).90-92
[14]湖南省交通规划勘查设计研究院.拱上构造联合作用简化计算法[J] .省交通设计院公路工程通讯21期
[15]刘永会,黄福伟,唐钰升.旧桁式组合拱桥的承载能力评价[J] .公路交通技术.2005.12
[16]胡柏学,方明,袁铜森等.子山析式组合拱桥荷载试验分析[J] .中南公路工程.2004. 29 (4)69-75
[17]蒙云,艾吉人,乔墩.预防为先,标本兼治-谈桥梁加固改造的科学管理和技术发展[J] .中国公路建设市场专刊.2004(2).61-63
[18]Clemente.P.Introduction to dynamics of stone arches[J].Earthquake Engn.Struct.Dyn,1998(5)
[19]廉锟.结构力学[M] .北京.高等教育出版社.1996
[20]Malcolm Fletcher. Orwell Bridge.UK’SLargest Prestressed Concrete Span.Concrete International.1969.
[21]Zhihao Lu, Hanbin Ge, Tsutomu Usami. Applicability of pushover analysis-based eismicperformance evaluation procedure for steel arch bridges. EngineeringStructures.200
[22]SALANE H J. Identification of model properties of bridge. [J] Journal of structural engineering.1990.116(7)
[23]范立础.桥梁工程(下册)[M] .北京.人民交通出版社.1979.12
[24]何大学.桁式组合拱桥受力特点及施工工艺浅析[J] .城市道桥与防汛.2002
[25]Enright, Michael P.Frangopol, Dan M.Condition prediction of deteriorating concrete bridges using Bayesian updating. Journal of Structure Engineering Vol.125.No.10.1999
[26]易日.使用ANSYS6.1进行结构力学分析.北京.北京大学出版社.2002.11
[27]贵州省桥梁设计院.法德大桥设计文件.1992
[28]严云,徐海燕,上官兴.桁式组合拱桥存在的问题及加固新思路的探讨[J]. .华东交通大学学报.2008.6
[29]杨大鹏.预应力桁式组合拱桥数值分析[J] .武汉理工大学硕士学位论文.2006.5
[30]蒙云.“释能法”加固拱桥成套技术研究报告[R] .2006
[31]徐芝纶.弹性力学简明教程[M] .高等教育出版社.2002.8
[32]贵州省交通建设工程检测中心.贵州省六盘水市法德大桥桥梁检测报告[R] .贵阳.贵州省交通建设工程检测中心.2006.7
[33] JTG /T J22-2008.公路桥梁加固设计规范[S] .人民交通出版社.2008
[34] JTG /T J23-2008.公路桥梁加固施工技术规范[S] .人民交通出版社.2008
[35]an,H.Y.,Melchers,R.E.,Time-dependent resistance deterioration in Probabilis ticstructural systems. Civil Engineering System, Vol.12,1995. p115-132.
[36]Enright, Michael P.Frangopol, Dan M.Condition prediction of deteriorating concrete bridges using Bayesian updating. Journal of Structure Engineering Vol.125.No.10,1999.
[37] JTG D60-2004.公路桥涵设计通用规范[S] .人民交通出版社.2004
[38] JTG D62-2004.公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范[S] .人民交通出版社.2004
[39] JTG D61-2005.公路圬工桥涵设计规范[S] .人民交通出版社.2005
[40]GB 50367—2006.混凝土结构加固设计规范[S] .人民交通出版社.2006
[41]滕德会.桁式组合拱桥关键施工工艺[J] .湖南交通科技.2003.12
[42]谌润水.《第二届亚太可持续发展与环境技术大会论文集》[C] .人民交通出版社.2000.3
[43]杨文渊,徐犇.桥梁维修与加固[M] .人民交通出版社.1994:51-60
[44]郭永琛,叶见曙.桥梁技术改造[M] .人民交通出版社.1991:12-23
[45]金初阳.2001年全国公路桥梁维修与加固技术研讨会论文.中国公路学会.2001:65-67
[46]袁雪戡,辛进民.中国公路学会桥梁工程学1987年学术讨论会论文[C].中国公路学会.1987:43-45
[47]张劲泉,王文涛.桥梁检测与加固手册.人民交通出版社.2007.2
[48]任辉启.ANSYS7.0工程分析实例详解.人民邮电出版社.2003.8
[49]张波,盛和太.ANSYS有限元数值分析原理与工程应用.清华大学出版社.2005.9
[2]刘来君,赵小星.桥梁加固设计施工技术.人民交通出版社.2004.3
[3]《中国公路》编辑部.加强旧危桥改造刻不容缓.中国公路.2001.4
[4]交通部公路科学研究所.旧桥加固技术与桥梁调查.1985
[5]魏光霞.初论四川现有公路桥梁利用改造价值及经济效益.中国公路学会桥梁工程学会1987年学术讨论会论文.人民交通出版社.1987
[6]蒙云.桥梁加固与改造.重庆大学出版社.1989.1
[7]陈天本.桁式组合拱桥[M]..北京.人民交通出版社.2001
[8]上官兴,任亮,徐燕.钢管砼拉索组合拱桥[J].湖南交通科技.2006.4
[9]曹伟.桁式组合拱桥典型病害及其对力学性能的影响研究.重庆交通大学硕士学位论文.2009.4
[10]贵州省交通科学研究院.桁式组合拱桥调研报告.2005.1 [11中交桥宇技术有限公司.金沙源村大桥荷载试验检测报告[R]北京.中交桥宇技术有限公司.2008.3 [12 ]戚志河.释能拱结构计算原理、模型及方法的研究.重庆交通大学硕士学位论文.2007.4
[13]吴察微,王泽锋.碳纤维布在桥梁加固工程中的应用.中外公路[J] .2004.24(1).90-92
[14]湖南省交通规划勘查设计研究院.拱上构造联合作用简化计算法[J] .省交通设计院公路工程通讯21期
[15]刘永会,黄福伟,唐钰升.旧桁式组合拱桥的承载能力评价[J] .公路交通技术.2005.12
[16]胡柏学,方明,袁铜森等.子山析式组合拱桥荷载试验分析[J] .中南公路工程.2004. 29 (4)69-75
[17]蒙云,艾吉人,乔墩.预防为先,标本兼治-谈桥梁加固改造的科学管理和技术发展[J] .中国公路建设市场专刊.2004(2).61-63
[18]Clemente.P.Introduction to dynamics of stone arches[J].Earthquake Engn.Struct.Dyn,1998(5)
[19]廉锟.结构力学[M] .北京.高等教育出版社.1996
[20]Malcolm Fletcher. Orwell Bridge.UK’SLargest Prestressed Concrete Span.Concrete International.1969.
[21]Zhihao Lu, Hanbin Ge, Tsutomu Usami. Applicability of pushover analysis-based eismicperformance evaluation procedure for steel arch bridges. EngineeringStructures.200
[22]SALANE H J. Identification of model properties of bridge. [J] Journal of structural engineering.1990.116(7)
[23]范立础.桥梁工程(下册)[M] .北京.人民交通出版社.1979.12
[24]何大学.桁式组合拱桥受力特点及施工工艺浅析[J] .城市道桥与防汛.2002
[25]Enright, Michael P.Frangopol, Dan M.Condition prediction of deteriorating concrete bridges using Bayesian updating. Journal of Structure Engineering Vol.125.No.10.1999
[26]易日.使用ANSYS6.1进行结构力学分析.北京.北京大学出版社.2002.11
[27]贵州省桥梁设计院.法德大桥设计文件.1992
[28]严云,徐海燕,上官兴.桁式组合拱桥存在的问题及加固新思路的探讨[J]. .华东交通大学学报.2008.6
[29]杨大鹏.预应力桁式组合拱桥数值分析[J] .武汉理工大学硕士学位论文.2006.5
[30]蒙云.“释能法”加固拱桥成套技术研究报告[R] .2006
[31]徐芝纶.弹性力学简明教程[M] .高等教育出版社.2002.8
[32]贵州省交通建设工程检测中心.贵州省六盘水市法德大桥桥梁检测报告[R] .贵阳.贵州省交通建设工程检测中心.2006.7
[33] JTG /T J22-2008.公路桥梁加固设计规范[S] .人民交通出版社.2008
[34] JTG /T J23-2008.公路桥梁加固施工技术规范[S] .人民交通出版社.2008
[35]an,H.Y.,Melchers,R.E.,Time-dependent resistance deterioration in Probabilis ticstructural systems. Civil Engineering System, Vol.12,1995. p115-132.
[36]Enright, Michael P.Frangopol, Dan M.Condition prediction of deteriorating concrete bridges using Bayesian updating. Journal of Structure Engineering Vol.125.No.10,1999.
[37] JTG D60-2004.公路桥涵设计通用规范[S] .人民交通出版社.2004
[38] JTG D62-2004.公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范[S] .人民交通出版社.2004
[39] JTG D61-2005.公路圬工桥涵设计规范[S] .人民交通出版社.2005
[40]GB 50367—2006.混凝土结构加固设计规范[S] .人民交通出版社.2006
[41]滕德会.桁式组合拱桥关键施工工艺[J] .湖南交通科技.2003.12
[42]谌润水.《第二届亚太可持续发展与环境技术大会论文集》[C] .人民交通出版社.2000.3
[43]杨文渊,徐犇.桥梁维修与加固[M] .人民交通出版社.1994:51-60
[44]郭永琛,叶见曙.桥梁技术改造[M] .人民交通出版社.1991:12-23
[45]金初阳.2001年全国公路桥梁维修与加固技术研讨会论文.中国公路学会.2001:65-67
[46]袁雪戡,辛进民.中国公路学会桥梁工程学1987年学术讨论会论文[C].中国公路学会.1987:43-45
[47]张劲泉,王文涛.桥梁检测与加固手册.人民交通出版社.2007.2
[48]任辉启.ANSYS7.0工程分析实例详解.人民邮电出版社.2003.8
[49]张波,盛和太.ANSYS有限元数值分析原理与工程应用.清华大学出版社.2005.9