南阳凹陷核桃园组油气成藏规律研究与勘探潜力分析
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摘要
南阳凹陷经过三十年的油气勘探,易于发现的构造油气藏多已找到,面对复杂难寻的隐蔽油气藏,勘探开发难度越来越大。面对该凹陷复杂的油气成藏条件以及油田严峻的原油生产形势,深入开展凹陷油气成藏规律研究,是实现该凹陷下一步勘探突破的关键。因此,采用先进的实验分析手段,系统论的研究思路以及多学科综合的研究方法,能进一步阐明这个内陆断陷湖盆的构造格架特征及其演化特点、古近系核桃园组储集体沉积特征和展布、油气生成和运移、油气藏的形成和分布的基本规律,为该区新的油气勘探决策提供依据。
南阳凹陷南部边界断裂(新野断裂)呈“之”字形展布,通过综合研究,深化了该断裂对凹陷形成起控制作用的认识:沿南部边界断裂发育多个生烃中心,多种成因正向构造呈带状展布,正向构造与砂体耦合形成不同规律油气聚集带。利用原油中含氮化合物的分布特征对油气二次运移进行分析(垂向上和平面上),提出了魏岗、张店、东庄三个油田在油气二次运移中的明显差异。通过对烃源岩和原油系统分析评价,建立了不同构造带的生烃模式和排烃模式。并提出魏岗北部地区的原油来自牛三门次凹核三段烃源岩低熟阶段Ro=0.5～0.7%的原油;南部地区油气藏中的原油主要来自牛三门次凹和东庄次凹核三段和核二段烃源岩,属于成熟阶段的混合原油。采用盆地模拟方法系统研究油气藏形成条件,建立了油气运聚模式和成藏模式,即魏岗型成藏模式为中央断层控制油气成熟度及富集程度的断鼻断块成藏模式,油气运移侧向运移为主,垂向运移为辅;张店型成藏模式为断层遮挡的断鼻油藏成藏模式,侧向运移为主;东庄型成藏模式为断层切割的断背斜油藏成藏模式,垂向运移为主。通过该课题实施,在南阳凹陷部署18口探井,新增探明石油地质储量276×10~4t,控制储量562×10~4t。以此为基础,预测了油气资源和勘探方向。
Through thirty years'exploration, most of the structural reservoirs which are easily discovered have been found in Nanyang Depression. Otherwise the difficulty of exploration and development is increasing with the complicated subtle reservoirs. So carrying out the study of hydrocarbon accumulation rule is the key to implement the next exploration under the complex hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and severe situation of oil production. Therefore, adopting the advanced experimental analysis means, systematic research thoughts and comprehensive disciplinary methods can further explain the structure and evolution characteristics of the inland fault-depression lake basin, the sedimental features and basic rule of through-going of reservoir bodies, oil/gas generation and migration, reservoir formation and distribution in Hetaoyuan Formation in Paleogene. Meanwhile, it will provide the basis of new decision-making for oil and gas exploration in new areas.
The planar distribution feature of the southern boundary fracture of Nanyang Basin (Xinye Fracture) is like“Z”. The understanding of the controlling function to sediment has been put forward based on comprehensive studies, i.e . several producing hydrocarbon centers have developed along the fracture; the distribution feature of the positive structures formed by several causes puts up zonary; different hydrocarbon accumulation zones have been developed through coupling the positive structures and the sand-bodies. The oil/gas secondary migration features have been analyzed by using nitrides in crude oil. The obvious diversity of the secondary migration has been brought forward in Weigang, Zhangdian and Dongzhuang Oil-fields.The hydrocarbon generation and drainage modes have been built up through the systemic evaluation of source rocks and crude oil. The crude oil in North Weigang area is mainly from the low-mature source rock (vitrinite reflection Ro=0.5～0.7%) in Sub-depression Niusanmen in Member Hetaoyuan-3. The oil source in South Weigang area is from source rock in Subdepression Niusanmen and Dongzhuang in Member Hetaoyuan-2 and 3, and belongs to the early, middle and late composite hydcarbon accumulation. The condition of reservoirs formation has been comprehensivly analyzed ,and the oil/gas migration-accumulation and reservoirs formation modes have been built up by using the basin simulation theoretics, i.e. the reservoirs formation mode in Weigang area is faulted-nosed and faulted-blocked, one central fault controls the distribution of oil/gas mature degree and the accumulation degree and oil/gas migration is mainly lateral, minorly vertical; the mode in Zhangdian area is faulted-nosed,and there is no interzone vertical migration for crude oil; the mode in Dongzhuang area is faulted-anticlinal, oil/gas migration is mainly vertical.
Through research, 18 exploration wells have been deployed with newly increased oil in place 276×10~4 t, the probable reserves 562×10~4 t, thus the oil resources and exploration direction has been predicted.
南阳凹陷南部边界断裂(新野断裂)呈“之”字形展布,通过综合研究,深化了该断裂对凹陷形成起控制作用的认识:沿南部边界断裂发育多个生烃中心,多种成因正向构造呈带状展布,正向构造与砂体耦合形成不同规律油气聚集带。利用原油中含氮化合物的分布特征对油气二次运移进行分析(垂向上和平面上),提出了魏岗、张店、东庄三个油田在油气二次运移中的明显差异。通过对烃源岩和原油系统分析评价,建立了不同构造带的生烃模式和排烃模式。并提出魏岗北部地区的原油来自牛三门次凹核三段烃源岩低熟阶段Ro=0.5～0.7%的原油;南部地区油气藏中的原油主要来自牛三门次凹和东庄次凹核三段和核二段烃源岩,属于成熟阶段的混合原油。采用盆地模拟方法系统研究油气藏形成条件,建立了油气运聚模式和成藏模式,即魏岗型成藏模式为中央断层控制油气成熟度及富集程度的断鼻断块成藏模式,油气运移侧向运移为主,垂向运移为辅;张店型成藏模式为断层遮挡的断鼻油藏成藏模式,侧向运移为主;东庄型成藏模式为断层切割的断背斜油藏成藏模式,垂向运移为主。通过该课题实施,在南阳凹陷部署18口探井,新增探明石油地质储量276×10~4t,控制储量562×10~4t。以此为基础,预测了油气资源和勘探方向。
Through thirty years'exploration, most of the structural reservoirs which are easily discovered have been found in Nanyang Depression. Otherwise the difficulty of exploration and development is increasing with the complicated subtle reservoirs. So carrying out the study of hydrocarbon accumulation rule is the key to implement the next exploration under the complex hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and severe situation of oil production. Therefore, adopting the advanced experimental analysis means, systematic research thoughts and comprehensive disciplinary methods can further explain the structure and evolution characteristics of the inland fault-depression lake basin, the sedimental features and basic rule of through-going of reservoir bodies, oil/gas generation and migration, reservoir formation and distribution in Hetaoyuan Formation in Paleogene. Meanwhile, it will provide the basis of new decision-making for oil and gas exploration in new areas.
The planar distribution feature of the southern boundary fracture of Nanyang Basin (Xinye Fracture) is like“Z”. The understanding of the controlling function to sediment has been put forward based on comprehensive studies, i.e . several producing hydrocarbon centers have developed along the fracture; the distribution feature of the positive structures formed by several causes puts up zonary; different hydrocarbon accumulation zones have been developed through coupling the positive structures and the sand-bodies. The oil/gas secondary migration features have been analyzed by using nitrides in crude oil. The obvious diversity of the secondary migration has been brought forward in Weigang, Zhangdian and Dongzhuang Oil-fields.The hydrocarbon generation and drainage modes have been built up through the systemic evaluation of source rocks and crude oil. The crude oil in North Weigang area is mainly from the low-mature source rock (vitrinite reflection Ro=0.5～0.7%) in Sub-depression Niusanmen in Member Hetaoyuan-3. The oil source in South Weigang area is from source rock in Subdepression Niusanmen and Dongzhuang in Member Hetaoyuan-2 and 3, and belongs to the early, middle and late composite hydcarbon accumulation. The condition of reservoirs formation has been comprehensivly analyzed ,and the oil/gas migration-accumulation and reservoirs formation modes have been built up by using the basin simulation theoretics, i.e. the reservoirs formation mode in Weigang area is faulted-nosed and faulted-blocked, one central fault controls the distribution of oil/gas mature degree and the accumulation degree and oil/gas migration is mainly lateral, minorly vertical; the mode in Zhangdian area is faulted-nosed,and there is no interzone vertical migration for crude oil; the mode in Dongzhuang area is faulted-anticlinal, oil/gas migration is mainly vertical.
Through research, 18 exploration wells have been deployed with newly increased oil in place 276×10~4 t, the probable reserves 562×10~4 t, thus the oil resources and exploration direction has been predicted.
引文
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