支撑板式连接节点力学性能分析及设计方法研究
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摘要
在铰接刚架中,支撑连接节点作为框架中的关键连接部分,其性能直接影响着框架在荷载作用下的整体反应。在传统的支撑连接节点中支撑两端和框架刚性连接,不仅制作复杂、造价高、焊接质量不易保证,而且在节点处会产生较大的次弯矩,降低支撑的低周疲劳寿命。因而研究支撑板式连接节点具有重要理论意义和工程应用价值。
本文通过有限元软件ANSYS对大量具有不同参数的支撑板式连接节点模型进行分析,研究在低周往复荷载作用下这些参数对支撑系统(支撑与节点板)低周疲劳寿命以及支撑和节点板的破坏顺序的影响规律。同时研究了支撑与梁柱板式连接节点稳定验算时的计算长度系数,供工程设计时参考使用。主要内容如下:
1.建立支撑与梁柱板式连接节点模型(包括支撑),研究了支撑轴线与柱夹角、节点板距支撑轴线最近的嵌固点向支撑轴线所做垂线与支撑端部的距离(净距)、节点板厚度、支撑长细比、工字形截面支撑翼缘宽厚比等参数对支撑系统低周疲劳寿命以及支撑和节点板的破坏顺序的影响规律,得到了支撑与梁柱板式连接节点板净距的合理构造方法。
2.建立支撑与梁板式连接节点模型(包括支撑),研究了支撑长细比、支撑翼缘宽厚比、人字形支撑轴线交点位置、支撑端部到梁下翼缘的最近距离(近距)等重要参数对支撑系统低周疲劳寿命以及支撑和节点板的破坏顺序的影响规律,得到了支撑与梁板式连接节点板近距的合理构造方法。
3.建立支撑与梁柱板式连接节点模型,研究了支撑轴线与柱夹角、节点板受压短柱长细比、支撑顶端到梁柱相交点的距离和Whitmore有效宽度的比值等重要参数对支撑与梁柱板式连接节点板的计算长度系数的影响规律,得到了节点板计算长度系数的取值方法。
Bracing connection is an essential part of hinged steel frame, whose capability affects the integral responses of the frame under loading. If bracing member to beam and column is connected in a rigid way, it will be complicated to fabricate and expensive even with bad welding quality. And it will also induce secondary internal forces to joints and decrease low-cycle fatigue life of bracing member, so it is great significance and engineering benefit to do some research on the behavior of brace-frame joints with gusset plate connection.
To study the influences on low-cycle fatigue life of brace system (bracing member and gusset plate) and break order of bracing member and gusset plate under low-cycle load, many parameters about model of gusset plate connections were analyzed using ANSYS program. And the effective length factor for gusset plate of bracing member to beam and column was studied. Some references were given for engineering application. The main contests are listed as follows:
Firstly, the finite element models of gusset plate of bracing member to beam and column were built up, including bracing member. The influences of the axis angle of bracing member and column, the distance between the end of bracing member and the assumed line of restraint for the gusset plate, the thickness of gusset plate, slenderness ratio of bracing member, and the ratio of the free outstands of I-section brace flange to its thickness (b/t) on low-cycle fatigue life of brace system and break order of bracing member and gusset plate were studied. And rational construction method of clearance between brace end and assumed line on the gusset was gotten.
Secondly, the finite element models of gusset plate of bracing member to beam were built up, including bracing member. The influences of slenderness ratio of bracing member, the ratio of the free outstands of I-section brace flange to its thickness (b/t), the location of the axis intersection of herringbone bracing member, and the smallest distance between the end of bracing member and the lower flange of beam on low-cycle fatigue life of brace system and break order of bracing member and gusset plate were studied. And rational construction method of clearance between brace end and beam flange on the gusset was gotten.
Thirdly, the finite element models of gusset plate of bracing member to beam and column were built up. The influences of the axis angle of bracing member and column, the slenderness ratio of gusset plate, and the ratio of the distance between the end of bracing member and the point of intersection of beam and column to Whitmore effective width on the effective length factor for gusset plate of bracing member to beam and column were studied. And the effective length factor for gusset plate connection of bracing member to beam and column was obtained.
本文通过有限元软件ANSYS对大量具有不同参数的支撑板式连接节点模型进行分析,研究在低周往复荷载作用下这些参数对支撑系统(支撑与节点板)低周疲劳寿命以及支撑和节点板的破坏顺序的影响规律。同时研究了支撑与梁柱板式连接节点稳定验算时的计算长度系数,供工程设计时参考使用。主要内容如下:
1.建立支撑与梁柱板式连接节点模型(包括支撑),研究了支撑轴线与柱夹角、节点板距支撑轴线最近的嵌固点向支撑轴线所做垂线与支撑端部的距离(净距)、节点板厚度、支撑长细比、工字形截面支撑翼缘宽厚比等参数对支撑系统低周疲劳寿命以及支撑和节点板的破坏顺序的影响规律,得到了支撑与梁柱板式连接节点板净距的合理构造方法。
2.建立支撑与梁板式连接节点模型(包括支撑),研究了支撑长细比、支撑翼缘宽厚比、人字形支撑轴线交点位置、支撑端部到梁下翼缘的最近距离(近距)等重要参数对支撑系统低周疲劳寿命以及支撑和节点板的破坏顺序的影响规律,得到了支撑与梁板式连接节点板近距的合理构造方法。
3.建立支撑与梁柱板式连接节点模型,研究了支撑轴线与柱夹角、节点板受压短柱长细比、支撑顶端到梁柱相交点的距离和Whitmore有效宽度的比值等重要参数对支撑与梁柱板式连接节点板的计算长度系数的影响规律,得到了节点板计算长度系数的取值方法。
Bracing connection is an essential part of hinged steel frame, whose capability affects the integral responses of the frame under loading. If bracing member to beam and column is connected in a rigid way, it will be complicated to fabricate and expensive even with bad welding quality. And it will also induce secondary internal forces to joints and decrease low-cycle fatigue life of bracing member, so it is great significance and engineering benefit to do some research on the behavior of brace-frame joints with gusset plate connection.
To study the influences on low-cycle fatigue life of brace system (bracing member and gusset plate) and break order of bracing member and gusset plate under low-cycle load, many parameters about model of gusset plate connections were analyzed using ANSYS program. And the effective length factor for gusset plate of bracing member to beam and column was studied. Some references were given for engineering application. The main contests are listed as follows:
Firstly, the finite element models of gusset plate of bracing member to beam and column were built up, including bracing member. The influences of the axis angle of bracing member and column, the distance between the end of bracing member and the assumed line of restraint for the gusset plate, the thickness of gusset plate, slenderness ratio of bracing member, and the ratio of the free outstands of I-section brace flange to its thickness (b/t) on low-cycle fatigue life of brace system and break order of bracing member and gusset plate were studied. And rational construction method of clearance between brace end and assumed line on the gusset was gotten.
Secondly, the finite element models of gusset plate of bracing member to beam were built up, including bracing member. The influences of slenderness ratio of bracing member, the ratio of the free outstands of I-section brace flange to its thickness (b/t), the location of the axis intersection of herringbone bracing member, and the smallest distance between the end of bracing member and the lower flange of beam on low-cycle fatigue life of brace system and break order of bracing member and gusset plate were studied. And rational construction method of clearance between brace end and beam flange on the gusset was gotten.
Thirdly, the finite element models of gusset plate of bracing member to beam and column were built up. The influences of the axis angle of bracing member and column, the slenderness ratio of gusset plate, and the ratio of the distance between the end of bracing member and the point of intersection of beam and column to Whitmore effective width on the effective length factor for gusset plate of bracing member to beam and column were studied. And the effective length factor for gusset plate connection of bracing member to beam and column was obtained.
引文
1蒋运林.高层建筑钢结构的特点及其在我国的发展与展望,四川建筑科学研究, 2003, (3)
2魏媛媛.浅谈钢结构建筑的特点及应用,山西建筑, 2008, (14)
3日本钢结构协会.钢结构技术总览.陈以一,傅功义.中国建筑工业出版社. 2003, (10): 109～121
4 Malley J.O.,SAC steel project summary of phase I testing investigation results, Engineering Structures, 1998, 20 (2～6): 300～309
5 Whitmore. Experimental investigation of stresses in gusset plates. Engineering Experiment Station Bulletin 16.1952
6 Thornton. Bracing connections for heavy construction. AISC Engineering Journal.1984, 21(3): 139~148
7 Gross. Experimental study of gusseted connection. Engineering Journal.1990, 27(3):89~97
8 R.J.J.Cheng. Recent Developments in the Behavior of Cyclically Load Gusset Plates. Proceedings of AISC North American Steel Construction .1999, 8:1~22
9 Abolhassan Astaneh-Asl. Cyclic In-Plane Buckling of Double Angle Bracing. Journal of Structural Engineering.1984, 110(9): 2036-2055
10 Abolhassan Astaneh-Asl. Cyclic Out-of-Plane Buckling of Double Angle Bracing. Journal of Structural Engineering. 1985, 111(5):1135-1153
11 J.J. Roger. Elastic Buckling Strength of Gusset Plate Connections. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1994, 120 (2): p 538-559
12 Uniform Building Code, 1997
13 Astaneh-Asl. Simple Method for Design of Steel Gusset Plates. Proceeding ASCE Structures Congress. 1989:345~354
14 Thornton. On the Analysis and Design of Bracing Connections. Proceedings AISC National Steel Construction Conference.1991, p1~54
15陈建斌,顾敬业.均匀力法及其应用.钢结构.2002, (3):33~35
16 William Thornton. Seismic Design of Connections in Concentrically Braced Frames.2001:1~14
17 AISC. Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings.2005
18 Lundeen. Design and Detailing of Seismic Connections for Braced Frame. 2001:1~14
19 N.Sheng. Analytical investigation and the design of the compressive strength of steel gusset plate connections. Journal of Constructional Steel Research 58 .2002: 1473-1493
20 M.C.H.Yam, J.J.R.Cheng. Behavior and Design of Gusset Plate Connections in Compression. Journal of Constructional Steel Research.2002, 58(5): p1143-1159
21 S.S.Walbridge. Gusset Plate Connections under Monotonic and Cyclic Loading. Journal of Civil Engineering.2005:1~15
22 Jung-Han Yoo, Dawn E. Lehman, Charles W. Roeder. Influence of connection design parameters on the seismic performance of braced frames. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 2008, 30(04): 607~623
23 Jung-Han Yoo. Analytical Performance Simulation of Special Concentrically Braced Frames. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 2008, 6(06): 881~889
24 Dawn E. Lehman Improved Seismic Performance of Gusset Plate Connections. Journal of Structural Engineering. 2008:890~901
25行业标准.建筑抗震设计规范GB50011-2001.中国建筑工业出版社, 2001: 85~88
26沈泽渊﹑赵熙元.焊接钢桁架外加式节点板静力性能的研究.工业建筑. 1987, (08): 19~26
27柴锡强,饶芝英.垂直支撑节点板的加固方法.钢结构. 1999, (02): 17~20
28刘维亚,练贤荣,费金祖.支撑节点板与钢梁柱连接的内力计算方法比较.建筑结构. 2003, (03): 43~49
29杨国华.多层柱支撑铰接钢框架抗震性能研究.天津大学. 2006: 1~10
30黄明超.铰接刚架支撑连接节点性能及其设计方法研究.哈尔滨工业大学. 2008: 77~78
31陈精一,蔡国忠.电脑辅助工程分析——ANSYS使用指南.中国铁道出版社, 2001年
32谭建国.使用ANSYS6.0进行有限元分析.北京大学出版社. 2000
33徐秉业,刘信声.应用弹塑性力学.清华大学出版社, 2003: 80～123
34 JGJ 99-98高层民用建筑钢结构技术规程.中华人民共和国国家标准,中国建筑工业出版社,1998年
35 GB 50017-2003钢结构设计规范.中华人民共和国国家标准,中国计划出版社.2003年
36 Socie G, Ohgi G. Fatigue criterion under combined stress or strains. J Engng. &Tech. Trans. ASME , 1981 , (103) : 82～90
37 F. Ellyin and K. Goles. Multiaxial fatigue damage criterion. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology. 1988, 110: 63～68.
38 McDiarm id D L. A General Criterion of Fatigue Under Multiaxial Stress. Wnd International Conference on Pressure Vessel Technology, 1973,Ⅱ-61: 851～862
39 Brown M W ,Miller K J. A Theory for Fatigue Under Multiaxial Stress-Strain Conditions. Proceeding of Institute of Mechanical Engineers, 187: 745～755
40 G. Socie, G. Ohgi. Fatigue criterion under combined stress or strains. Journal ofEngineering Materials and Technology. 1981,103:82～90
41 J. M. H. Andrews, E. G. Ellison. A testing rig for cycling at high biaxial strains. Journal of Strain Analysis. 1973, 8: 168～175
42 G. Z. Libertiny. Short-life fatigue under combined stress. Journal of Strain Analysis. 1981,2: 91～95
43 K. J. Pascee, J. W. R. Pdevilliers. Low cycle fatigue of steels under biaxial straining. Journal of Strain Analysis. 1967, 2: 117～126
44 Y, Z.S., R. E. Frismuth. The effect of cut of phase biaxial strain cycling on low cycle fatigue. Experimental Mechanics. 1973, 13:204-208
2魏媛媛.浅谈钢结构建筑的特点及应用,山西建筑, 2008, (14)
3日本钢结构协会.钢结构技术总览.陈以一,傅功义.中国建筑工业出版社. 2003, (10): 109～121
4 Malley J.O.,SAC steel project summary of phase I testing investigation results, Engineering Structures, 1998, 20 (2～6): 300～309
5 Whitmore. Experimental investigation of stresses in gusset plates. Engineering Experiment Station Bulletin 16.1952
6 Thornton. Bracing connections for heavy construction. AISC Engineering Journal.1984, 21(3): 139~148
7 Gross. Experimental study of gusseted connection. Engineering Journal.1990, 27(3):89~97
8 R.J.J.Cheng. Recent Developments in the Behavior of Cyclically Load Gusset Plates. Proceedings of AISC North American Steel Construction .1999, 8:1~22
9 Abolhassan Astaneh-Asl. Cyclic In-Plane Buckling of Double Angle Bracing. Journal of Structural Engineering.1984, 110(9): 2036-2055
10 Abolhassan Astaneh-Asl. Cyclic Out-of-Plane Buckling of Double Angle Bracing. Journal of Structural Engineering. 1985, 111(5):1135-1153
11 J.J. Roger. Elastic Buckling Strength of Gusset Plate Connections. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1994, 120 (2): p 538-559
12 Uniform Building Code, 1997
13 Astaneh-Asl. Simple Method for Design of Steel Gusset Plates. Proceeding ASCE Structures Congress. 1989:345~354
14 Thornton. On the Analysis and Design of Bracing Connections. Proceedings AISC National Steel Construction Conference.1991, p1~54
15陈建斌,顾敬业.均匀力法及其应用.钢结构.2002, (3):33~35
16 William Thornton. Seismic Design of Connections in Concentrically Braced Frames.2001:1~14
17 AISC. Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings.2005
18 Lundeen. Design and Detailing of Seismic Connections for Braced Frame. 2001:1~14
19 N.Sheng. Analytical investigation and the design of the compressive strength of steel gusset plate connections. Journal of Constructional Steel Research 58 .2002: 1473-1493
20 M.C.H.Yam, J.J.R.Cheng. Behavior and Design of Gusset Plate Connections in Compression. Journal of Constructional Steel Research.2002, 58(5): p1143-1159
21 S.S.Walbridge. Gusset Plate Connections under Monotonic and Cyclic Loading. Journal of Civil Engineering.2005:1~15
22 Jung-Han Yoo, Dawn E. Lehman, Charles W. Roeder. Influence of connection design parameters on the seismic performance of braced frames. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 2008, 30(04): 607~623
23 Jung-Han Yoo. Analytical Performance Simulation of Special Concentrically Braced Frames. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 2008, 6(06): 881~889
24 Dawn E. Lehman Improved Seismic Performance of Gusset Plate Connections. Journal of Structural Engineering. 2008:890~901
25行业标准.建筑抗震设计规范GB50011-2001.中国建筑工业出版社, 2001: 85~88
26沈泽渊﹑赵熙元.焊接钢桁架外加式节点板静力性能的研究.工业建筑. 1987, (08): 19~26
27柴锡强,饶芝英.垂直支撑节点板的加固方法.钢结构. 1999, (02): 17~20
28刘维亚,练贤荣,费金祖.支撑节点板与钢梁柱连接的内力计算方法比较.建筑结构. 2003, (03): 43~49
29杨国华.多层柱支撑铰接钢框架抗震性能研究.天津大学. 2006: 1~10
30黄明超.铰接刚架支撑连接节点性能及其设计方法研究.哈尔滨工业大学. 2008: 77~78
31陈精一,蔡国忠.电脑辅助工程分析——ANSYS使用指南.中国铁道出版社, 2001年
32谭建国.使用ANSYS6.0进行有限元分析.北京大学出版社. 2000
33徐秉业,刘信声.应用弹塑性力学.清华大学出版社, 2003: 80～123
34 JGJ 99-98高层民用建筑钢结构技术规程.中华人民共和国国家标准,中国建筑工业出版社,1998年
35 GB 50017-2003钢结构设计规范.中华人民共和国国家标准,中国计划出版社.2003年
36 Socie G, Ohgi G. Fatigue criterion under combined stress or strains. J Engng. &Tech. Trans. ASME , 1981 , (103) : 82～90
37 F. Ellyin and K. Goles. Multiaxial fatigue damage criterion. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology. 1988, 110: 63～68.
38 McDiarm id D L. A General Criterion of Fatigue Under Multiaxial Stress. Wnd International Conference on Pressure Vessel Technology, 1973,Ⅱ-61: 851～862
39 Brown M W ,Miller K J. A Theory for Fatigue Under Multiaxial Stress-Strain Conditions. Proceeding of Institute of Mechanical Engineers, 187: 745～755
40 G. Socie, G. Ohgi. Fatigue criterion under combined stress or strains. Journal ofEngineering Materials and Technology. 1981,103:82～90
41 J. M. H. Andrews, E. G. Ellison. A testing rig for cycling at high biaxial strains. Journal of Strain Analysis. 1973, 8: 168～175
42 G. Z. Libertiny. Short-life fatigue under combined stress. Journal of Strain Analysis. 1981,2: 91～95
43 K. J. Pascee, J. W. R. Pdevilliers. Low cycle fatigue of steels under biaxial straining. Journal of Strain Analysis. 1967, 2: 117～126
44 Y, Z.S., R. E. Frismuth. The effect of cut of phase biaxial strain cycling on low cycle fatigue. Experimental Mechanics. 1973, 13:204-208