气溶胶粒子的激光散射对激光雷达性能影响的研究
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摘要
在激光雷达中,气溶胶粒子对激光束的散射是激光雷达研究中一个重要的研究方向,气溶胶粒子对激光的散射会严重影响激光雷达系统的性能。本文通过研究光与球形、非球形粒子的相互作用,探索气溶胶粒子对激光光束的散射特性,以及该散射对激光雷达系统性能可能产生的影响,包括:
(1)研究了单个球形粒子的光散射作用。利用激光在大气中传输的经典Mie氏理论来研究激光在大气中的传输特性,并利用MATLAB语言编写程序,从而得到单个球形气溶胶粒子的光散射特性。
(2)研究了单个非球形气溶胶粒子的光散射特性。对于不同形状、不同折射率、不同物质组成的非球形气溶胶粒子有多种方法来解决非球形气溶胶粒子的光散射问题。本文利用了DDA算法及T-矩阵算法讨论椭球形粒子的光散射特性。
(3)通过对球形粒子光散射Mie氏理论的研究,结合穆勒传输矩阵研究了散射粒子对入射光偏振态的影响。
(4)基于大气光散射的经验公式,利用MATLAB/Simulink软件建立光在大气中的传输模型。动态模拟了激光在大气中的传输特性。
研究单个球形、非球形气溶胶粒子对激光的散射,实际上是气溶胶粒子与激光相互作用中非常基础的工作。本文的研究,只是探讨气溶胶粒子的激光束散射对激光雷达性能影响的一个开始。我们的目的一方面是为正在建立的激光雷达系统模型提供理论依据,另一方面也是为了揭示光与气溶胶粒子相互作用的物理本质,探索激光雷达在大气探测领域的可能应用。
The scattering characteristic of aerosols to laser is critical to laser radar system. The scattering could seriously lower the performance of laser radar in high density aerosols regions. In this dissertation, the laser scattering characteristic of aerosols is investigated in detail based on the interaction of laser with spherical, non-spherical aerosol particles. We focus on the following four themes:
(1) The interaction of laser with single spherical particle. In the light of the classical Mie’s theory on atmospheric transmission for laser, based on the written program, the laser scattering characteristic of aerosols is studied.
(2) The interaction of laser with single non-spherical particle. Up to now, there are several kinds of theory to treat the laser scattering of non-spherical aerosols for different shapes, different refraction index and different composition of matter. Based on the DDA and T-matrix methods, the laser scattering of elliptical shape of aerosol particle is researched.
(3) The effect of the scattering of aerosol particles to laser on the polarization is investigated on the base of the Muller matrix and on the research of the Mie’s theory about the laser scattering of spherical particles.
(4) A dynamic model on the laser transmission in atmosphere is constructed based on the empirical formula on scattering of atmosphere to laser in MATLAB/Simulink workspace to simulate the dynamic characteristic of laser transmission in atmosphere.
The research on the laser scattering of single spherical, non-spherical aerosol particles is actually the initial step on the interaction of laser with aerosols. Our study is only the start for the discussion on the influence of the performance of laser scattering of aerosol particles. Our aim, on one hand is to get some theoretical knowledge for our ongoing laser radar system, on the other hand, is also try to find the physical nature of the interaction of laser with aerosol particles, as well as to explore the applications of laser radar in atmosphere detection fields.
(1)研究了单个球形粒子的光散射作用。利用激光在大气中传输的经典Mie氏理论来研究激光在大气中的传输特性,并利用MATLAB语言编写程序,从而得到单个球形气溶胶粒子的光散射特性。
(2)研究了单个非球形气溶胶粒子的光散射特性。对于不同形状、不同折射率、不同物质组成的非球形气溶胶粒子有多种方法来解决非球形气溶胶粒子的光散射问题。本文利用了DDA算法及T-矩阵算法讨论椭球形粒子的光散射特性。
(3)通过对球形粒子光散射Mie氏理论的研究,结合穆勒传输矩阵研究了散射粒子对入射光偏振态的影响。
(4)基于大气光散射的经验公式,利用MATLAB/Simulink软件建立光在大气中的传输模型。动态模拟了激光在大气中的传输特性。
研究单个球形、非球形气溶胶粒子对激光的散射,实际上是气溶胶粒子与激光相互作用中非常基础的工作。本文的研究,只是探讨气溶胶粒子的激光束散射对激光雷达性能影响的一个开始。我们的目的一方面是为正在建立的激光雷达系统模型提供理论依据,另一方面也是为了揭示光与气溶胶粒子相互作用的物理本质,探索激光雷达在大气探测领域的可能应用。
The scattering characteristic of aerosols to laser is critical to laser radar system. The scattering could seriously lower the performance of laser radar in high density aerosols regions. In this dissertation, the laser scattering characteristic of aerosols is investigated in detail based on the interaction of laser with spherical, non-spherical aerosol particles. We focus on the following four themes:
(1) The interaction of laser with single spherical particle. In the light of the classical Mie’s theory on atmospheric transmission for laser, based on the written program, the laser scattering characteristic of aerosols is studied.
(2) The interaction of laser with single non-spherical particle. Up to now, there are several kinds of theory to treat the laser scattering of non-spherical aerosols for different shapes, different refraction index and different composition of matter. Based on the DDA and T-matrix methods, the laser scattering of elliptical shape of aerosol particle is researched.
(3) The effect of the scattering of aerosol particles to laser on the polarization is investigated on the base of the Muller matrix and on the research of the Mie’s theory about the laser scattering of spherical particles.
(4) A dynamic model on the laser transmission in atmosphere is constructed based on the empirical formula on scattering of atmosphere to laser in MATLAB/Simulink workspace to simulate the dynamic characteristic of laser transmission in atmosphere.
The research on the laser scattering of single spherical, non-spherical aerosol particles is actually the initial step on the interaction of laser with aerosols. Our study is only the start for the discussion on the influence of the performance of laser scattering of aerosol particles. Our aim, on one hand is to get some theoretical knowledge for our ongoing laser radar system, on the other hand, is also try to find the physical nature of the interaction of laser with aerosol particles, as well as to explore the applications of laser radar in atmosphere detection fields.
引文
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[2] Edwards Fry. Accuracy Limitations on Brillocein Lidar Measurements of Temperature and Sound Spped in the Ocean[J]. Applied Optics, 1997, 36(27): 6887.
[3] J. P. Anthes, P. Gardia, J. T. Pierce and P. V. Dressendorfer. Non-scanned Ladar Imaging and Applications[J]. Proc. SPIE, 1993, 1936: 11-12.
[4] D. Richard, Richmond, R. Stettner and H. Bailey. Laser Radar Focal Plane Array for Three-dimensional Imaging[J]. Proc. SPIE, 1998, 3380: 138-143.
[5] D. J. Anderson. InGaAs/InP Avalanche Photodiodes Arrays for Eye Safe Three-dimensional Imaging[J]. Proc. SPIE, 2004, 5412: 250-256.
[6] J. C. Dries, B. Miles and R. Stettner. A 32×32 Pixel FLASH Laser Radar System Incorporating[J]. Proc. SPIE, 2004, 5412: 250-256.
[7] Choongyeun Cho, Chen-Pang Yeang and Jeffrey H. Shapiro. Analytic Performance Bounds on SAR-Image Target Recognition using Phvsics-Based Signatures[J]. SPIE, 2001, 4328: 416-428.
[8]饶瑞中.现代大气光学[J].大气与环境光学学报,2006,1(1):2-13.
[9] Daizhou Zhang, Guang-Yu Shi, Yasunobu Iwasaka, Min Hu. Mixture of Sulfate and Nitrate in Coastal Atmospheric Aerosols: Individual Particle Studies in Qingdao , China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2000, 34: 2669-2679.
[10]舒首衡,闫娟娟,郑铮,胡薇薇.空间激光通信中湍流信道光束传输仿真[J].光散射学报,2007,19(1):79-85.
[11]杨昭,李强.大气传输特性对激光雷达探测系统的影响[J].淮海工学院学报,2005,14(13):4-7.
[12]龚知本.激光大气传输研究若干问题进展[J].量子电子学报,1998,15(2):114-133.
[13]袁纵横,张文涛.随机大气信道对激光信号传输影响的分析[J].量子电子学报,2006,23(5):696-700.
[14]蔡喜平,赵远,陈锺贤,王晓鸥.成像激光雷达系统模拟[J].激光与红外,2000,30(5):274-276.
[15]李小川.蓝绿激光在海水中的散射特性及其退偏研究[D].硕士学位论文,成都:电子科技大学,2006.
[16] A. M. Azzam, A. M. Elmahdy, Y. A. Badr, M. S. Aly, and M. F. Hassan. Laser Beam Scattering on Metallic Sphere Immersed in a Medium of Aerosols[J]. Teaching Photonics at Egyptian Engineering Faculties, 2000: 84-103.
[17] I. Wayan Sudiarta. Mie-scattering Formalism for Spherical Particles Embedded in an Absorbing Medium[J]. J. Opt. Soc. Am, 2001, 18: 1275-1278.
[18] A. M. Elmahdy, A. M. Azzam, Y. A. Badr, M. F. Hassan and M. S. Aly. Laser Beam Scattering from Metallic Sphere Embedded in Aerosol Cloud[R]. Eighteenth National Radio Science Conference, March 27-29 2001: 599-607.
[19] LIU Jian-bin and WU Jian. Study of Scattering Property of Spherical Particle in Atmosphere[J]. J. Applied Optics, 2005, 26(2): 31-33.
[20] J. R. Probert-Jones. Resonnance Component of Backscattering by Large Dielectric Spheres[J]. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 1984, 1(8): 822-830.
[21]张中青,张喆，张贵忠，向望华.微米球粒的宽角度光散射的数值模拟研究[J].现代科学仪器,2005,6:55-57.
[22]王仁哲,张荣曾,徐志强,胡业林.关于折射率对散射光场分布影响的研究[J].应用光学,2004,25(3):15-17.
[23]李亦军.单分散系微粒的Mie散射计算[J].应用光学,2005,26(1):9-11.
[24]刘建斌,吴健.大气中球形粒子的散射特性研究[J].应用光学,2005,26(2):31-33.
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