杏北开发区三类油层三次采油化学驱油剂室内评价研究
|
摘要
根据大庆油田杏树岗北部开发区(简称杏北开发区)的油藏地质特征、目前的开发现状,论述了加快三次来油研究步伐的紧迫性;根据目前国内外三次采油研究的进展、大庆油田现场试验的实例,对大庆油田可以应用的三次采油技术进行了分析,对相应的三次采油使用的化学驱油剂进行了初步研究。
在研究过程中,开展中低分子量聚丙烯酰胺、功能型聚丙烯酰胺和Na2CO3/石油磺酸盐表活剂/聚丙烯酰胺三元复合体系的理化性能研究和室内岩芯驱替实验。三种驱油体系理化性能研究结果表明:600万分子量聚丙烯酰胺和杏北开发区三类油层配伍性较好;功能型聚丙烯酰胺体系乳化性能较好;石油磺酸盐在Na2CO3三元体系中能形成超低界面张力,且界面张力稳定性较好。人造岩心和天然岩心室内驱油实验结果表明:在水驱基础上,人造岩心聚驱可以提高7%以上,功能型聚丙烯酰胺驱可以提高9%以上,弱碱三元复合驱可以提高11%以上;天然岩心聚驱可以提高约7%,功能型聚丙烯酰胺驱可以提高约9%,弱碱三元复合驱可以提高约11%。
该项目的研究,对杏北开发区三类油层三次采油化学驱油剂的选择具有重要指导意义。
Main layers has already begun a class of tertiary in industrial production in Daqing Oil Field, tertiary oil recovery and achieved good development results, and the formation of a set of systems technology. Tertiary-main reservoirs’percent of the total geological reserves of oil reserves of 64.5% in Xingbei development zone. With the water-driven development, is currently developing three types of water-drive reservoir 91.3%integrated aquifer.Alone to carry out the exploitation of water flooding, the difficulty of remaining oil potential is growing.
The project researches systematically chemical oil-displacing agent used to displace Class 3 reservoirs of Xingbei development zone of Daqing oilfield, selects the injection system with application prospect. It’s positive significance for exploring chemical flooding agent of EOR to displace Class 3 reservoirs of Xingbei development zone of Daqing oilfield.
1. Enhanced oil recovery mechanization
The enhanced oil recovery mechanization is to achieve maximum oil production by increasing the factor of oil recovery factor equation. Oil recovery factor equation is:
Polymer flooding increases the viscosity of injected water , improves the oil-water ratio and expands macro-and micro-reservoir sweep efficiency (EV) by adding a certain amount of high molecular weight of polyacrylamide to injected water; alkali flooding and surfactant flooding lowers the oil-water interfacial tension to displace waterflood residual oil , to further reduce the residual oil saturation and improve efficiency of oil displacement (ED); ASP increase the efficiency of oil displacement (ED) by using the interfacial tension reducing agent, decrease viscous fingering by injecting fluid viscosity increase, as the water phase relative permeability of fluid towards the reduction of lead and expand the sweep efficiency (EV) to improve oil displacement efficiency.
2. Experimental research in laboratory
2.1Research on the feasibility of polyacrylamide flooding
Research on the Adaptability of polyacrylamide system and tertiary-main layers in Xingbei development zone
Research on Physicochemical Performance of polyacrylamide
Research on polyacrylamide flooding
2.2Research on the feasibility of functional polyacrylamide flooding
Research on the Adaptability of functional polyacrylamide and tertiary-main layers in Xingbei development zone
Research on physicochemical performance of Functional polyacrylamide
Research on Functional polyacrylamide flooding
2.3Research on the feasibility of ASP flooding
Research on physicochemical performance of ASP flooding
Research on ASP flooding
3. The results of experimental research
3.1 Research on the feasibility of polymer flooding
(1) The polyacrylamide solution with 1900mg/L concentration and 6 million molecular weight can pass through a core with 0.1μm2 water permeability easily. The resistant coefficient is 10～12. The remaining resistant coefficient is 2～
4. The retention rate of viscosity is higher. It is suit to the third type oil layer in Xingbei development zone.
(2) The viscosity of the polyacrylamide solution will increase if its concentration increases. When the viscosity is 30mPa?s, The concentration of polyacrylamide solution with 6 million molecular weight will be 1900mg/L. The retention rate of viscosity of the polyacrylamide solution with 1900mg/L concentration and 6 million molecular weight after 90 days resting is 20～30%.
(3) If the man made core is used in the experiment, when 640mg/L·PV polyacrylamide solution with 1900mg/L concentration and 6 million molecular weight is injected into the core, the enhanced oil recovery ratio is 7.35%. And in the natural core situation, it will be 6.97%
3.2 Research on the feasibility of functional polyacrylamide flooding
(1) When the functional polyacrylamide solution with 600mg/L concentration pass through a core with 0.1μm2 water permeability, the resistant coefficient and remaining resistant coefficient are both much higher.
(2) The viscosity of the functional polyacrylamide solution is higher than the polyacrylamide solution with the same concentration. The functional polyacrylamide solution has the better ability to increase the viscosity. Although the retention rate of viscosity of the functional polyacrylamide solution with 1000mg/L concentration after 90 days resting is 20～30%, the viscosity is higher than the common polymer solution because it has a higher initial viscosity.
(3) The ability to increase the viscosity and of dilution after being sheared of the functional polyacrylamide solution are better than the common polymer solution.
(4) The functional polyacrylamide solution can form stable emulsified mixture with the crude oil.
(5) If the man made core is used in the experiment, when 640mg/L·PV functional polyacrylamide solution is injected into the core, the enhanced oil recovery ratio is 9.35%. And in the natural core situation, it will be 8.78%.
3.3 Research on the feasibility of ASP flooding
(1) In the system of the Weak alkali/petroleum sulfonate/polymer compound, if the petroleum sulfonate concentration is 0.05～0.4%,and Na_2CO_3 0.4～1.4%, the 10~(-3)mN/m super low interfacial tension between the system and the crude oil will be formed in the third type oil layer in Xingbei oil development area.
(2) The super low interfacial tension between the system and the crude oil can last 150 days.
(3) If the man made core is used in the experiment, when 640mg/L·PV Weak alkali/petroleum sulfonate/polymer system(3200 mg/L polymer + 0.3% petroleum sulfonate +1.2%Na2CO3)is injected into the core, the enhanced oil recovery ratio is 11.30%. And in the natural core situation, it will be 10.97%.
3.4 The optimized scheme of chemical flooding systems can satisfy the criterion of increasing the oil recovery ratio 8%.
在研究过程中,开展中低分子量聚丙烯酰胺、功能型聚丙烯酰胺和Na2CO3/石油磺酸盐表活剂/聚丙烯酰胺三元复合体系的理化性能研究和室内岩芯驱替实验。三种驱油体系理化性能研究结果表明:600万分子量聚丙烯酰胺和杏北开发区三类油层配伍性较好;功能型聚丙烯酰胺体系乳化性能较好;石油磺酸盐在Na2CO3三元体系中能形成超低界面张力,且界面张力稳定性较好。人造岩心和天然岩心室内驱油实验结果表明:在水驱基础上,人造岩心聚驱可以提高7%以上,功能型聚丙烯酰胺驱可以提高9%以上,弱碱三元复合驱可以提高11%以上;天然岩心聚驱可以提高约7%,功能型聚丙烯酰胺驱可以提高约9%,弱碱三元复合驱可以提高约11%。
该项目的研究,对杏北开发区三类油层三次采油化学驱油剂的选择具有重要指导意义。
Main layers has already begun a class of tertiary in industrial production in Daqing Oil Field, tertiary oil recovery and achieved good development results, and the formation of a set of systems technology. Tertiary-main reservoirs’percent of the total geological reserves of oil reserves of 64.5% in Xingbei development zone. With the water-driven development, is currently developing three types of water-drive reservoir 91.3%integrated aquifer.Alone to carry out the exploitation of water flooding, the difficulty of remaining oil potential is growing.
The project researches systematically chemical oil-displacing agent used to displace Class 3 reservoirs of Xingbei development zone of Daqing oilfield, selects the injection system with application prospect. It’s positive significance for exploring chemical flooding agent of EOR to displace Class 3 reservoirs of Xingbei development zone of Daqing oilfield.
1. Enhanced oil recovery mechanization
The enhanced oil recovery mechanization is to achieve maximum oil production by increasing the factor of oil recovery factor equation. Oil recovery factor equation is:
Polymer flooding increases the viscosity of injected water , improves the oil-water ratio and expands macro-and micro-reservoir sweep efficiency (EV) by adding a certain amount of high molecular weight of polyacrylamide to injected water; alkali flooding and surfactant flooding lowers the oil-water interfacial tension to displace waterflood residual oil , to further reduce the residual oil saturation and improve efficiency of oil displacement (ED); ASP increase the efficiency of oil displacement (ED) by using the interfacial tension reducing agent, decrease viscous fingering by injecting fluid viscosity increase, as the water phase relative permeability of fluid towards the reduction of lead and expand the sweep efficiency (EV) to improve oil displacement efficiency.
2. Experimental research in laboratory
2.1Research on the feasibility of polyacrylamide flooding
Research on the Adaptability of polyacrylamide system and tertiary-main layers in Xingbei development zone
Research on Physicochemical Performance of polyacrylamide
Research on polyacrylamide flooding
2.2Research on the feasibility of functional polyacrylamide flooding
Research on the Adaptability of functional polyacrylamide and tertiary-main layers in Xingbei development zone
Research on physicochemical performance of Functional polyacrylamide
Research on Functional polyacrylamide flooding
2.3Research on the feasibility of ASP flooding
Research on physicochemical performance of ASP flooding
Research on ASP flooding
3. The results of experimental research
3.1 Research on the feasibility of polymer flooding
(1) The polyacrylamide solution with 1900mg/L concentration and 6 million molecular weight can pass through a core with 0.1μm2 water permeability easily. The resistant coefficient is 10～12. The remaining resistant coefficient is 2～
4. The retention rate of viscosity is higher. It is suit to the third type oil layer in Xingbei development zone.
(2) The viscosity of the polyacrylamide solution will increase if its concentration increases. When the viscosity is 30mPa?s, The concentration of polyacrylamide solution with 6 million molecular weight will be 1900mg/L. The retention rate of viscosity of the polyacrylamide solution with 1900mg/L concentration and 6 million molecular weight after 90 days resting is 20～30%.
(3) If the man made core is used in the experiment, when 640mg/L·PV polyacrylamide solution with 1900mg/L concentration and 6 million molecular weight is injected into the core, the enhanced oil recovery ratio is 7.35%. And in the natural core situation, it will be 6.97%
3.2 Research on the feasibility of functional polyacrylamide flooding
(1) When the functional polyacrylamide solution with 600mg/L concentration pass through a core with 0.1μm2 water permeability, the resistant coefficient and remaining resistant coefficient are both much higher.
(2) The viscosity of the functional polyacrylamide solution is higher than the polyacrylamide solution with the same concentration. The functional polyacrylamide solution has the better ability to increase the viscosity. Although the retention rate of viscosity of the functional polyacrylamide solution with 1000mg/L concentration after 90 days resting is 20～30%, the viscosity is higher than the common polymer solution because it has a higher initial viscosity.
(3) The ability to increase the viscosity and of dilution after being sheared of the functional polyacrylamide solution are better than the common polymer solution.
(4) The functional polyacrylamide solution can form stable emulsified mixture with the crude oil.
(5) If the man made core is used in the experiment, when 640mg/L·PV functional polyacrylamide solution is injected into the core, the enhanced oil recovery ratio is 9.35%. And in the natural core situation, it will be 8.78%.
3.3 Research on the feasibility of ASP flooding
(1) In the system of the Weak alkali/petroleum sulfonate/polymer compound, if the petroleum sulfonate concentration is 0.05～0.4%,and Na_2CO_3 0.4～1.4%, the 10~(-3)mN/m super low interfacial tension between the system and the crude oil will be formed in the third type oil layer in Xingbei oil development area.
(2) The super low interfacial tension between the system and the crude oil can last 150 days.
(3) If the man made core is used in the experiment, when 640mg/L·PV Weak alkali/petroleum sulfonate/polymer system(3200 mg/L polymer + 0.3% petroleum sulfonate +1.2%Na2CO3)is injected into the core, the enhanced oil recovery ratio is 11.30%. And in the natural core situation, it will be 10.97%.
3.4 The optimized scheme of chemical flooding systems can satisfy the criterion of increasing the oil recovery ratio 8%.
引文
1.贾贺峰,申利春.三次采油技术的研究现状[J].化工科技市场,2006,29(12):31～34.
2.李政.表面活性剂在强化采油中的应用[J].精细化工,1994,11(5):4～7.
3.李庆莹,李之平,谢天英.表面活性剂驱油体系[P].China: 86107891, 1987(5):20.
4.杨振宇,陈广宇.国内外复合驱技术研究现状及发展方向[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2004, 23 (5):94-96.
5. George J.Stosur. EOR: Past, Present and What the Next 25 Years May Bring[C].SPE 84864.
6.郭万奎等.大庆油田三次采油技术研究现状及发展方向[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(3):1～6
7.王启民,隋军等.大庆油田三次采油技术的实践与认识[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(2):1～8
8.姚仕文.实现油田可持续发展的基础保障[N].中国石油报网络版,2003-3-24
9. WANG DeMin,HAO YuXing. Result of Two Polymer Flooding Pilots in the Central Area of DaQing Oil Field [ R ]. SPE 17632.
10. WANG DeMin,ZHANG JingChun,MENG FanRu. Commercial Test of Polymer Flooding in DaQing Oil Field [ R ]. SPE 29902.
11. WANG DeMin, CHENG JieCHeng. Summary of ASP Pilots in DaQing Oilfield [C]. SPE 57288
12.程杰成,廖广志,杨振宇等.大庆油田三元复合驱矿场试验综述[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(2):46-47
13.廖广志,杨振宇,刘奕等.三元复合驱中超低界面张力影响因素研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20 (1):40-42
14.程杰成,王德民,李群等.大庆油田三元复合驱矿场试验动态特征[J].石油学报,2002,23(6):37-40
15.李庆莹,李之平,谢天英.表面活性剂驱油体系[P].China : 86107891, 1987 (5):2
16.牟建海.三次采油用聚合物和表面活性剂[J].化工科技市场,2002,6 (4):6～9
17.于培志,苏长明.国内外聚合物驱油剂开发应用现状及发展趋势[J].研究动态,2002:15
18.李淑华,孙冬梅,王则臻.三次采油用石油磺酸盐的合成与性能研究[J].齐齐哈尔大学学报,2001,17(4) :25～26
19.张巧莲.应用碱/表面活性剂/聚合物复合驱体系提高石油采收率[J].胶体与聚合物,1994,17(1):46～47
20.韩冬,沈平平.表面活性剂驱油原理与应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001
21. Kalpakei, Bayram, Jeans, Yvonne. Surfactant combinations and enhanced oil recovery method employing same[P].American;4811788A, 1989
22.杨林,李茜秋,杨振宇等.油相性质对水相中混合表面活性剂协同效应的影响[J].油田化学,2000,17(3):268～271
23.于涛,丁伟,罗洪君著.油田化学剂.北京:石油工业出版社2002.60～61
24.牛金刚.大庆石油地质与开发[J].2004,23(5):91～93
25.赵福麟著.采油用剂.山东东营:石油大学出版社,1997.9～10
26.叶仲斌著,提高采收率原理.北京:石油工业出版社,2000.144～145
27.郭东红.表面活性剂驱的驱油机理与应用.精细石油化工进2002,3(7):36-41
28.康万利著,大庆油田三元复合驱化学剂作用机理研究.北京:石油工业出版社,2001.82～84
29. Taber, J.J. . Dynanmic and Static Forces Required to Remove a Discontinuous Oil Phase from Porous Media Containing both Oil and Water .SPE Reprint Series No.24,Surfactant/Polymer Flooding-1,SPE,Richardson,Tx:1988:42～45
30. Abram,A. .The Influence of Fluid Viscosity,Interfacial Tension and Fluid Viscosity on Residual Oil Saturation Left by Water flood .SFE Reprint Series No.24,Surfactant/Polymer Flooding-1,SPE,Richardson, Tx:1988:52～62
31.韩东,沈平平著,表面活性剂驱油原理及应用.北京:石油工业出版社,2001.192～194
32. Burk,J,H.. Comparison of Sodium Carbonate,Sodium Hydroxide, and Sodium Ortho Silicate for EOR,SPE Reservoir Engineering, 1978(2):9～16
33.张晓琴,关恒.大庆油田三类油层聚合物驱开发实践[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(6):374～377
34.张冬玲李宜强.大庆中低渗油层聚合物驱可行性室内实验研究[J].油田化学,2005,22(1):78～79
35.胡志明,熊伟.低渗透油藏微观孔隙结构分析[J].大庆石油学院学报,2006,30(3):51～53
36.曹瑞波,丁志红.低渗透油层聚合物驱渗透率界限及驱油效果实验研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2005,24(5):71～73
37.朱怀江,刘强,沈平平.聚合物分子尺寸与油藏孔喉的配伍性[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(5):609～611
38.李果年,梁芹.特低孔渗储集层孔喉参数的计算[J].新疆石油地质,2001,21(4):325～326
39.郭东红.我国油田化学品的现状与发展前景[J].精细与专用化学品,2007,15(13):1～4
40.孙刚,罗峰.中低相对分子质量抗盐聚合物的分子聚集及溶液特性[J].大庆石油学院学报,2007,31(6):44～48
41.吴赞校,石志成.应用阻力系数优化聚合物驱参数[J].油气地质与采收率,2006,13(1):92～94
2.李政.表面活性剂在强化采油中的应用[J].精细化工,1994,11(5):4～7.
3.李庆莹,李之平,谢天英.表面活性剂驱油体系[P].China: 86107891, 1987(5):20.
4.杨振宇,陈广宇.国内外复合驱技术研究现状及发展方向[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2004, 23 (5):94-96.
5. George J.Stosur. EOR: Past, Present and What the Next 25 Years May Bring[C].SPE 84864.
6.郭万奎等.大庆油田三次采油技术研究现状及发展方向[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(3):1～6
7.王启民,隋军等.大庆油田三次采油技术的实践与认识[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(2):1～8
8.姚仕文.实现油田可持续发展的基础保障[N].中国石油报网络版,2003-3-24
9. WANG DeMin,HAO YuXing. Result of Two Polymer Flooding Pilots in the Central Area of DaQing Oil Field [ R ]. SPE 17632.
10. WANG DeMin,ZHANG JingChun,MENG FanRu. Commercial Test of Polymer Flooding in DaQing Oil Field [ R ]. SPE 29902.
11. WANG DeMin, CHENG JieCHeng. Summary of ASP Pilots in DaQing Oilfield [C]. SPE 57288
12.程杰成,廖广志,杨振宇等.大庆油田三元复合驱矿场试验综述[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(2):46-47
13.廖广志,杨振宇,刘奕等.三元复合驱中超低界面张力影响因素研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20 (1):40-42
14.程杰成,王德民,李群等.大庆油田三元复合驱矿场试验动态特征[J].石油学报,2002,23(6):37-40
15.李庆莹,李之平,谢天英.表面活性剂驱油体系[P].China : 86107891, 1987 (5):2
16.牟建海.三次采油用聚合物和表面活性剂[J].化工科技市场,2002,6 (4):6～9
17.于培志,苏长明.国内外聚合物驱油剂开发应用现状及发展趋势[J].研究动态,2002:15
18.李淑华,孙冬梅,王则臻.三次采油用石油磺酸盐的合成与性能研究[J].齐齐哈尔大学学报,2001,17(4) :25～26
19.张巧莲.应用碱/表面活性剂/聚合物复合驱体系提高石油采收率[J].胶体与聚合物,1994,17(1):46～47
20.韩冬,沈平平.表面活性剂驱油原理与应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001
21. Kalpakei, Bayram, Jeans, Yvonne. Surfactant combinations and enhanced oil recovery method employing same[P].American;4811788A, 1989
22.杨林,李茜秋,杨振宇等.油相性质对水相中混合表面活性剂协同效应的影响[J].油田化学,2000,17(3):268～271
23.于涛,丁伟,罗洪君著.油田化学剂.北京:石油工业出版社2002.60～61
24.牛金刚.大庆石油地质与开发[J].2004,23(5):91～93
25.赵福麟著.采油用剂.山东东营:石油大学出版社,1997.9～10
26.叶仲斌著,提高采收率原理.北京:石油工业出版社,2000.144～145
27.郭东红.表面活性剂驱的驱油机理与应用.精细石油化工进2002,3(7):36-41
28.康万利著,大庆油田三元复合驱化学剂作用机理研究.北京:石油工业出版社,2001.82～84
29. Taber, J.J. . Dynanmic and Static Forces Required to Remove a Discontinuous Oil Phase from Porous Media Containing both Oil and Water .SPE Reprint Series No.24,Surfactant/Polymer Flooding-1,SPE,Richardson,Tx:1988:42～45
30. Abram,A. .The Influence of Fluid Viscosity,Interfacial Tension and Fluid Viscosity on Residual Oil Saturation Left by Water flood .SFE Reprint Series No.24,Surfactant/Polymer Flooding-1,SPE,Richardson, Tx:1988:52～62
31.韩东,沈平平著,表面活性剂驱油原理及应用.北京:石油工业出版社,2001.192～194
32. Burk,J,H.. Comparison of Sodium Carbonate,Sodium Hydroxide, and Sodium Ortho Silicate for EOR,SPE Reservoir Engineering, 1978(2):9～16
33.张晓琴,关恒.大庆油田三类油层聚合物驱开发实践[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(6):374～377
34.张冬玲李宜强.大庆中低渗油层聚合物驱可行性室内实验研究[J].油田化学,2005,22(1):78～79
35.胡志明,熊伟.低渗透油藏微观孔隙结构分析[J].大庆石油学院学报,2006,30(3):51～53
36.曹瑞波,丁志红.低渗透油层聚合物驱渗透率界限及驱油效果实验研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2005,24(5):71～73
37.朱怀江,刘强,沈平平.聚合物分子尺寸与油藏孔喉的配伍性[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(5):609～611
38.李果年,梁芹.特低孔渗储集层孔喉参数的计算[J].新疆石油地质,2001,21(4):325～326
39.郭东红.我国油田化学品的现状与发展前景[J].精细与专用化学品,2007,15(13):1～4
40.孙刚,罗峰.中低相对分子质量抗盐聚合物的分子聚集及溶液特性[J].大庆石油学院学报,2007,31(6):44～48
41.吴赞校,石志成.应用阻力系数优化聚合物驱参数[J].油气地质与采收率,2006,13(1):92～94