煤与瓦斯突出冲击波实验研究
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摘要
本文针对我国煤与瓦斯突出事故频发和复杂性强的特点,从理论分析、实验研究两方面对煤与瓦斯突出及其产生的冲击波进行研究,系统地模拟研究了煤与瓦斯突出后实验管道内突出冲击波传播规律。对巷道内煤与瓦斯突出冲击波的传播特性进行了研究和总结。
本文由理论分析、在理论指导下实验系统的搭建和实验测试以及实验结果与理论分析对比总结四个部分组成。首先,在相似理论的指导下自行设计加工一套煤与瓦斯突出实验系统,该系统有突出实现系统和数据采集系统两部分组成,由模拟突出实验系统实现煤与瓦斯的突出,然后通过动态数据采集系统将压力变送器采集的电信号转变成数字信号,测试突出发生后瓦斯产生的冲击波的压力变化特性,其次,根据空气动力学原理,分析了突出发生与发展对冲击波传播的影响因素(突出参与的煤量、参与的瓦斯量与瓦斯压力、实验管道的布置与粗糙程度等);基于冲击波间断关系式,引入气体状态方程,推导出冲击波传播的超压公式和冲击波阵面的速度表达式。实验研究部分,实验验证了理论分析关于煤与瓦斯突出冲击波传播的结论。通过不同参与煤量、不同瓦斯压力、不同瓦斯气体和不同的巷道布置情况下的突出模拟实验,分析了这几种情况下突出冲击波的影响关系。
实验结果表明,独立设计的整套实验系统能很好地模拟煤与瓦斯突出这一复杂的动力现象,成功地模拟出了突出在巷道中的发生发展过程;产生冲击波的大小的影响因素比较多,其中最为重要的是煤体内存储的瓦斯膨胀能(煤与瓦斯突出的强度),而突出产生的初始超压与瓦斯压力有着密切的关系。通过冲击波超压公式和冲击波气流的传播速度公式也可以验证这一点。本文的研究成果对煤与瓦斯突出事故的防治和调查、以及突出发生后防止灾害扩大提供了重要的理论和技术支持。
Starting from the characteristics of frequent and complexity about accidents of china's coal and gas outburst, this paper researches coal and gas outburst and the resulting shock wave from the theoretical analysis and experimental research, and has a systematic simulation study on the coal and gas pipeline after the experimental shock wave propagation within a prominent. Meanwhile, on the roadway within the coal and gas outburst shock wave propagation characteristics are studied and summarized.
This paper contains four parts: theoretical analysis, establishing experimental system under the guidance of theory , experimental test structures, comparison and summary of experimental results and theoretical analysis. Firstly, under the guidance of the similarity theory a test system is designed on coal and gas outburst. The system consists of two parts of outbursting achievement system and data acquisition system. The prominent coal and gas is completed through an analog system of implementation experiment,and then signals which do Pressure Transmitter collect through the dynamic data acquisition system were transmitted into digital signals,in order to test the characteristics pressure changes which shock wave generated; Secondly, according to aerodynamic theory,the article analysises outbursting occurrence and development to the impacting factor of the shock wave propagation(the amount of coal highlighting, the amount of gas t and gas pressure, the layout of test pipe and the level of roughness, etc.);by intermittent relationship based on shock wave ,gas equation of state is established,thus overpressure shock wave transmission formula and the expression rate of shock wave front is derived. In Experimental research section, the theoretical analysis of coal and gas outburst on the conclusions of shock wave transmission is verified in experiment. Through simulation experiments, in which give different amount of coal, different gas pressure, different gases and different gas in case of prominent roadway layout, the results analysis the impacting relationship between highlighting shock wave in these types of cases.
The results show that the entire experimental system of independent design could simulated this complex dynamic phenomena of coal and gas outburst,and simulated the developing process of a prominent place in the roadway successfully. Futher, there are many impacting factors of producing shock wave size,which of the most important is the expansion energy of coal gas stored in the body(the strength degree of coal and gas outburst),and the initial overpressure generated by Coal and gas outburst is closely related to gas pressure which can also be verified by overpressure shock wave equation and Shock wave airflow propagation velocity formulas. This research has provided an important theoretical and technical support for coal and gas outburst accident prevention and investigation and prevention of the disaster expansion after the occurrence of coal and gas outburst.
本文由理论分析、在理论指导下实验系统的搭建和实验测试以及实验结果与理论分析对比总结四个部分组成。首先,在相似理论的指导下自行设计加工一套煤与瓦斯突出实验系统,该系统有突出实现系统和数据采集系统两部分组成,由模拟突出实验系统实现煤与瓦斯的突出,然后通过动态数据采集系统将压力变送器采集的电信号转变成数字信号,测试突出发生后瓦斯产生的冲击波的压力变化特性,其次,根据空气动力学原理,分析了突出发生与发展对冲击波传播的影响因素(突出参与的煤量、参与的瓦斯量与瓦斯压力、实验管道的布置与粗糙程度等);基于冲击波间断关系式,引入气体状态方程,推导出冲击波传播的超压公式和冲击波阵面的速度表达式。实验研究部分,实验验证了理论分析关于煤与瓦斯突出冲击波传播的结论。通过不同参与煤量、不同瓦斯压力、不同瓦斯气体和不同的巷道布置情况下的突出模拟实验,分析了这几种情况下突出冲击波的影响关系。
实验结果表明,独立设计的整套实验系统能很好地模拟煤与瓦斯突出这一复杂的动力现象,成功地模拟出了突出在巷道中的发生发展过程;产生冲击波的大小的影响因素比较多,其中最为重要的是煤体内存储的瓦斯膨胀能(煤与瓦斯突出的强度),而突出产生的初始超压与瓦斯压力有着密切的关系。通过冲击波超压公式和冲击波气流的传播速度公式也可以验证这一点。本文的研究成果对煤与瓦斯突出事故的防治和调查、以及突出发生后防止灾害扩大提供了重要的理论和技术支持。
Starting from the characteristics of frequent and complexity about accidents of china's coal and gas outburst, this paper researches coal and gas outburst and the resulting shock wave from the theoretical analysis and experimental research, and has a systematic simulation study on the coal and gas pipeline after the experimental shock wave propagation within a prominent. Meanwhile, on the roadway within the coal and gas outburst shock wave propagation characteristics are studied and summarized.
This paper contains four parts: theoretical analysis, establishing experimental system under the guidance of theory , experimental test structures, comparison and summary of experimental results and theoretical analysis. Firstly, under the guidance of the similarity theory a test system is designed on coal and gas outburst. The system consists of two parts of outbursting achievement system and data acquisition system. The prominent coal and gas is completed through an analog system of implementation experiment,and then signals which do Pressure Transmitter collect through the dynamic data acquisition system were transmitted into digital signals,in order to test the characteristics pressure changes which shock wave generated; Secondly, according to aerodynamic theory,the article analysises outbursting occurrence and development to the impacting factor of the shock wave propagation(the amount of coal highlighting, the amount of gas t and gas pressure, the layout of test pipe and the level of roughness, etc.);by intermittent relationship based on shock wave ,gas equation of state is established,thus overpressure shock wave transmission formula and the expression rate of shock wave front is derived. In Experimental research section, the theoretical analysis of coal and gas outburst on the conclusions of shock wave transmission is verified in experiment. Through simulation experiments, in which give different amount of coal, different gas pressure, different gases and different gas in case of prominent roadway layout, the results analysis the impacting relationship between highlighting shock wave in these types of cases.
The results show that the entire experimental system of independent design could simulated this complex dynamic phenomena of coal and gas outburst,and simulated the developing process of a prominent place in the roadway successfully. Futher, there are many impacting factors of producing shock wave size,which of the most important is the expansion energy of coal gas stored in the body(the strength degree of coal and gas outburst),and the initial overpressure generated by Coal and gas outburst is closely related to gas pressure which can also be verified by overpressure shock wave equation and Shock wave airflow propagation velocity formulas. This research has provided an important theoretical and technical support for coal and gas outburst accident prevention and investigation and prevention of the disaster expansion after the occurrence of coal and gas outburst.
引文
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[3]国家安全生产监督管理总局.特别重大事故案例汇编[M].中国劳动保障社会出版社,2007.
[4]于不凡.矿井瓦斯灾害防治及利用技术手册[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2000.
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[6] http://media.chinasafety.gov.cn:8090/iSystem/shigumain.jsp.
[7]林柏泉,崔恒信.矿井瓦斯防治理论与技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1998.
[8]俞启香.矿井瓦斯防治[M].徐州:中国矿大出版社,1992.
[9]焦作矿业学院.瓦斯地质概论[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1990.
[10] [苏].B.B.霍多特著(宋世钊,王佑安译),煤与瓦斯突出[M].北京:中国工业出版社,1966.
[11]何学秋.含瓦斯煤岩流变动力学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1995.
[12]蒋承林,余启香.煤与瓦斯突出的球壳失稳机理及防治技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1998.
[13]氏平增之.煤和瓦斯突出的模型研究及其机理探讨[C].第二十一届国际采矿安全会议论文集,1985,80-85.
[14]邓金封,栾永祥,王佑安.煤与瓦斯突出模拟试验研究[J].煤矿安全,1989,20(11):5-10.
[15]蒋承林.石门揭穿含瓦斯煤层时动力现象的球壳失稳机理研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,1994.
[16]孟祥跃,丁雁生,陈力等.煤与瓦斯突出的二维模拟实验研究[J].煤炭学报,1996,21(1):58-61.
[17]蔡成功.煤与瓦斯突出三维模拟实验研究[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(1):66-69.
[18]许江,陶云奇.煤与瓦斯突出模拟试验台的改进及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(9):69-70.
[19]郑哲敏,从数量级和量纲分析看煤与瓦斯突出的机理[C].煤与瓦斯突出机理和预测预报第三次科研工作及学术交流会议论文集,1983:3-11.
[20] S.Valliappan,A role of methane gas emission in coal outbursts,Fuel, 1998 Vol.39 , 875-895.
[21]张我华.煤/瓦斯突出过程中的能量释放机理[J].岩石力学与工程学报,19(增):829-835.
[22]程五一,刘晓宇,王魁军等.煤与瓦斯突出冲击波阵面传播规律的研究[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(1):57-60.
[23]中国矿业大学瓦斯组.煤和瓦斯突出的防治[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1979
[24] S.Valliappan. A role of methane gas emission in coal outbursts,Fuel,1998 Vol.39 , 875-895.
[25]程五一,陈国新.煤与瓦斯突出冲击波的形成及模型的建立[J].煤矿安全,2000.9,31(9):23-25.
[26]魏建平,魏国营,郝富昌等.严重突出煤层水力掏槽措施期间抗灾能力研究报告[R].河南理工大学,2004.12.
[27] Paterson, A model for outburst in coal. Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci &Geomech, Abstr,Vol 23, 327-332.
[28] Litwiniszyn. A model for the initiation of coal-gas outburst, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci &Geomech, Abstr, 1985.Vol 22,No.1, 39-46.
[29]董钢锋,梁运培.突出煤瓦斯涌出规律及逆流形成的条件分析[J].煤炭科技,2001,4:46-48
[30]桂晓宏,林伯泉.瓦斯爆炸过程中爆炸波传播特征的实验研究[J].矿业科学技术,1999,3-4:30-33.
[31]徐景德.矿井瓦斯爆炸冲击波传播规律及影响因素的研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学,2002.11.
[32] C.K萨文科.井下空气冲击波[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1979.
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