生物礁隐蔽油气藏的精细研究
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摘要
生物礁是主要由生物构筑而成的一种特殊碳酸盐岩构造体，又是碳酸盐沉积中一种含油气沉积类型，有着广阔的油气潜力。但是，生物礁油气藏是属于勘探难度较大的隐蔽油气藏。
近年来，国内外地质专家对各个时代生物礁的成因、结构、类型、相带划分、成岩作用、生长发育演化规律等作了广泛的研究，取得了丰硕成果，一些地球物理工作者对生物礁的地震鉴别也做了一些探索性研究，然而对区域性生物礁及其含油气性预测研究相对较少。因此，本文以大量的三维地震、测井、地质、岩心、测试、地面地质调查资料和前人研究成果为基础，利用石油地质学、构造地质学、沉积学、岩石学、地球物理学、地震地层学等学科交叉的优势，配合三维地震处理及解释技术、三维可视化技术、储层预测技术对生物礁隐蔽油气藏的预测从“基础理论”到“实际应用”都作了较详细的研究，最终，对生物礁的发现、预测及生物礁隐敝油气藏的精细描述形成了一套可行的方法；同时首次将滨里海盆地肯吉亚克地区地腹石炭—泥盆纪的生物礁群清晰地展现了出来，揭示了该生物礁油气藏良好的勘探前景。
论文的主要研究内容和关键成果如下：
①在对国外生物礁研究作了大量调研的情况下，提出了利用地质与地球物理有机结合来发现和预测生物礁隐蔽油气藏，首次在生物礁隐蔽油气藏的研究中较充分地体现出了多学科交叉的优势。
②通过理论及实际应用研究的紧密结合，为生物礁隐蔽油气藏的勘探提出了较完善的技术思路，率先获得了实用性较强的生物礁隐蔽油气藏精细描述方法。
③在采用本人提出“利用三维地震信号分析及其可视化技术快速发现研究目标”的研究思想指导下，在滨里海盆地肯吉亚克地区首次快速发现了石炭纪——泥盆纪生物礁群，为寻找该区隐蔽油气藏提供了明确的研究目标。
④首次将生物礁及其隐蔽油气藏的定性研究向定量化推进，即对肯吉亚克地区石炭——泥盆纪生物礁群的平面分布规模、纵向厚度、埋深等作了定量预测，并对其油气资源量进行了估算。
⑤在研究礁与非礁鉴别标志的基础上，总结出了礁复合体的地质和地震反射特征，从而首次建立了滨里海盆地生物礁的识别模式。
⑥首次对肯吉亚克地区石炭——泥盆纪生物礁的发育及分布特别提出了明
Reef is a kind of the special carbonate mass from the organic build-up and the oily sedimentation type in the carbonate sedimentation.It has widely hydrocarbon potentialiy.However,reef hydrocarbon reservoir belongs to the subtle trap which is more difficult for the exploration.
Recent years,more geologists have taken studies for the reef, including reef's origin, strucrure,category, diagenesis,delineation of sedimentary facies zones,growth and evolution rule; and have gotten abundance results on the geological area.Some geophysicists had done some exploration for the reef involved the seismic data response.But,there are no more about the distribution and hydrocarbon prediction of local area reefs. Therefore, According to the advantages of multiple-science integration,which are the petroleum geology,palaeotectonics,sedimentology,petrology, geophysics as well as seismic stratigraphy, the author applies rich knowledges which are 3D seismic survey,well logging,drill core analysis, surface outcrop investigation data and previous study documents in that area and more new exploration methods to work on study of reef subtie trap reservoir prediction technology from theoretics to practical application,using 3D seismic data collection , processing,integratical interpretation technology within 3D visualization environment and reservoir prediction technology With more practices, create a set of technical method to give out a more detail description of the reef structure clusters in the Kenjiyak raea of Caspian basin, show out a good petroleum exploration further of reef subtie trap reservoir in this area.
Main results of that topic involve below:
(1)According to looked through a number of references, the author put forward to discover and predicte the reef subtie trap reservoir using the advace combine geology with geophysics.And it is the first to show out advantages of multiple-science integration on the research of the reef subtie trap reservoir.
近年来，国内外地质专家对各个时代生物礁的成因、结构、类型、相带划分、成岩作用、生长发育演化规律等作了广泛的研究，取得了丰硕成果，一些地球物理工作者对生物礁的地震鉴别也做了一些探索性研究，然而对区域性生物礁及其含油气性预测研究相对较少。因此，本文以大量的三维地震、测井、地质、岩心、测试、地面地质调查资料和前人研究成果为基础，利用石油地质学、构造地质学、沉积学、岩石学、地球物理学、地震地层学等学科交叉的优势，配合三维地震处理及解释技术、三维可视化技术、储层预测技术对生物礁隐蔽油气藏的预测从“基础理论”到“实际应用”都作了较详细的研究，最终，对生物礁的发现、预测及生物礁隐敝油气藏的精细描述形成了一套可行的方法；同时首次将滨里海盆地肯吉亚克地区地腹石炭—泥盆纪的生物礁群清晰地展现了出来，揭示了该生物礁油气藏良好的勘探前景。
论文的主要研究内容和关键成果如下：
①在对国外生物礁研究作了大量调研的情况下，提出了利用地质与地球物理有机结合来发现和预测生物礁隐蔽油气藏，首次在生物礁隐蔽油气藏的研究中较充分地体现出了多学科交叉的优势。
②通过理论及实际应用研究的紧密结合，为生物礁隐蔽油气藏的勘探提出了较完善的技术思路，率先获得了实用性较强的生物礁隐蔽油气藏精细描述方法。
③在采用本人提出“利用三维地震信号分析及其可视化技术快速发现研究目标”的研究思想指导下，在滨里海盆地肯吉亚克地区首次快速发现了石炭纪——泥盆纪生物礁群，为寻找该区隐蔽油气藏提供了明确的研究目标。
④首次将生物礁及其隐蔽油气藏的定性研究向定量化推进，即对肯吉亚克地区石炭——泥盆纪生物礁群的平面分布规模、纵向厚度、埋深等作了定量预测，并对其油气资源量进行了估算。
⑤在研究礁与非礁鉴别标志的基础上，总结出了礁复合体的地质和地震反射特征，从而首次建立了滨里海盆地生物礁的识别模式。
⑥首次对肯吉亚克地区石炭——泥盆纪生物礁的发育及分布特别提出了明
Reef is a kind of the special carbonate mass from the organic build-up and the oily sedimentation type in the carbonate sedimentation.It has widely hydrocarbon potentialiy.However,reef hydrocarbon reservoir belongs to the subtle trap which is more difficult for the exploration.
Recent years,more geologists have taken studies for the reef, including reef's origin, strucrure,category, diagenesis,delineation of sedimentary facies zones,growth and evolution rule; and have gotten abundance results on the geological area.Some geophysicists had done some exploration for the reef involved the seismic data response.But,there are no more about the distribution and hydrocarbon prediction of local area reefs. Therefore, According to the advantages of multiple-science integration,which are the petroleum geology,palaeotectonics,sedimentology,petrology, geophysics as well as seismic stratigraphy, the author applies rich knowledges which are 3D seismic survey,well logging,drill core analysis, surface outcrop investigation data and previous study documents in that area and more new exploration methods to work on study of reef subtie trap reservoir prediction technology from theoretics to practical application,using 3D seismic data collection , processing,integratical interpretation technology within 3D visualization environment and reservoir prediction technology With more practices, create a set of technical method to give out a more detail description of the reef structure clusters in the Kenjiyak raea of Caspian basin, show out a good petroleum exploration further of reef subtie trap reservoir in this area.
Main results of that topic involve below:
(1)According to looked through a number of references, the author put forward to discover and predicte the reef subtie trap reservoir using the advace combine geology with geophysics.And it is the first to show out advantages of multiple-science integration on the research of the reef subtie trap reservoir.
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