虚拟现实技术在建筑设计教学领域的应用
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摘要
虚拟现实技术作为一种崭新的技术,正改变着人们学习、生活、工作、娱乐等方面,在各个领域已经得到了广泛的应用。在建筑设计领域,虚拟现实技术作为一种独特的技术手段,有效的解决了人类抽象思维与所产生的实体之间的联系问题。
传统的建筑设计通常采用从二维图形到三维思维转化的方法,而设计者对设计对象缺乏全方位的思考,眼界较窄、缺乏整合思维能力。新的设计思维经常在设计者二维、三维转换的等待之间出现中断现象。而且,由于二维图纸或三维模型仅体现建筑物的部分信息,因而一些设计缺陷常被掩盖。虚拟现实技术引入到建筑设计中,能让设计师或业主身临其境的体会建筑物落成后的效果,设计者可以完全按照自己的构思去构建装饰“虚拟”的房间,并可以任意变换自己在房间中的位置,沉浸式的体会建筑设计方案的优劣,直到满意为止。
而随着时代的发展,新的教学理念的出现,如建构主义教学,推动了虚拟现实技术在教学领域的应用需求。而在建筑设计教学领域长期以来一直渴求一种情境创设的工具来实现建筑空间环境的组合设计和建筑空间环境的构造设计。要达到空间环境的组合设计和构造设计,在建筑设计教学中,我们需要为学生创设有效的学习情境,让学生有充分的沉浸感和临场感。从而让课堂教学更有效。
虚拟现实技术能让建筑的艺术性可以被强调和突出,而如果把建筑的艺术特性纯粹化就是空间艺术。但过去在建筑设计过程中,空间艺术却很难实现。而借助虚拟现实技术的空间艺术则可以在建筑设计领域实现,因而笔者提出虚拟现实技术在建筑设计教学领域的应用研究尤为必要。而在本研究中,笔者是以任务驱动的方式实现虚拟建筑设计案例,并对该案例的课堂教学效果进行了有效的评价。
综上所述,虚拟现实技术在建筑设计教学领域的应用研究的意义是巨大的,它不但推进了学生设计思维的转变,促进了设计效果的优化,更有利于教学效果的提高。
Virtual reality technology as a new technology is changing the way people learn, living, work, entertainment, etc, and has been widely used in various fields. In the field of architectural design, virtual reality technology as a unique technical solves effectively the issue of linkages between the human abstract thought and the entity.
Traditional architectural design usually uses the method of transformation of thinking from two-dimensional graphics to three-dimensional graphics. The designers of the design objects lack a full range of thinking and narrow field of vision, lack of integration of thinking skills. Collapse of the phenomenon of new design ideas often appears between the transformations of thinking from two-dimensional graphics to three-dimensional graphics for the designers. As the two-dimensional drawings or three-dimensional models reflect only part of information of the building, so that it often covers a number of design defects. Virtual reality technology which introduced into building design allows designers or owners immersive experience the building built. Designers can be fully in accordance with their own ideas to construct the "virtual" room, and can transform the point of view anyway in room which understanding the pros and cons of building design, and constantly make changes until satisfied.
With the development of the times, the emergence of the new teaching concepts, such as the constructivist teaching, promotes the application requirements of virtual reality technology in teaching field. In the field of architectural design teaching, they have long been a desire for a tool for creating scenarios to achieve the combination design and the structural design of the space environment. To achieve the purpose, we need to create effective learning scenarios for students to make them with full immersion and presence and thus more conducive to learning and mastering new knowledge in architectural design teaching. Virtual reality technology allows the artistry of the building that can be emphasized and highlighted, and if the art features of the building are becoming pure, that is the space art. But in the building design process in the past, the space art is difficult to achieve. The space arts with virtual reality technology can be achieved in the field of architectural design. Therefore, the paper proposed that the applied research of virtual reality technology is particularly necessary in the filed of architectural design teaching. In this study, the author is virtual way task of architectural design case, and the effect of classroom teaching cases were effective evaluation.
To sum up, the significance of applied research on virtual reality technology in the field of architectural design teaching is enormous. It not only will promote the change in design thinking of the students and the optimization of the design effect, but also will benefit to the improvement of teaching effectiveness.
传统的建筑设计通常采用从二维图形到三维思维转化的方法,而设计者对设计对象缺乏全方位的思考,眼界较窄、缺乏整合思维能力。新的设计思维经常在设计者二维、三维转换的等待之间出现中断现象。而且,由于二维图纸或三维模型仅体现建筑物的部分信息,因而一些设计缺陷常被掩盖。虚拟现实技术引入到建筑设计中,能让设计师或业主身临其境的体会建筑物落成后的效果,设计者可以完全按照自己的构思去构建装饰“虚拟”的房间,并可以任意变换自己在房间中的位置,沉浸式的体会建筑设计方案的优劣,直到满意为止。
而随着时代的发展,新的教学理念的出现,如建构主义教学,推动了虚拟现实技术在教学领域的应用需求。而在建筑设计教学领域长期以来一直渴求一种情境创设的工具来实现建筑空间环境的组合设计和建筑空间环境的构造设计。要达到空间环境的组合设计和构造设计,在建筑设计教学中,我们需要为学生创设有效的学习情境,让学生有充分的沉浸感和临场感。从而让课堂教学更有效。
虚拟现实技术能让建筑的艺术性可以被强调和突出,而如果把建筑的艺术特性纯粹化就是空间艺术。但过去在建筑设计过程中,空间艺术却很难实现。而借助虚拟现实技术的空间艺术则可以在建筑设计领域实现,因而笔者提出虚拟现实技术在建筑设计教学领域的应用研究尤为必要。而在本研究中,笔者是以任务驱动的方式实现虚拟建筑设计案例,并对该案例的课堂教学效果进行了有效的评价。
综上所述,虚拟现实技术在建筑设计教学领域的应用研究的意义是巨大的,它不但推进了学生设计思维的转变,促进了设计效果的优化,更有利于教学效果的提高。
Virtual reality technology as a new technology is changing the way people learn, living, work, entertainment, etc, and has been widely used in various fields. In the field of architectural design, virtual reality technology as a unique technical solves effectively the issue of linkages between the human abstract thought and the entity.
Traditional architectural design usually uses the method of transformation of thinking from two-dimensional graphics to three-dimensional graphics. The designers of the design objects lack a full range of thinking and narrow field of vision, lack of integration of thinking skills. Collapse of the phenomenon of new design ideas often appears between the transformations of thinking from two-dimensional graphics to three-dimensional graphics for the designers. As the two-dimensional drawings or three-dimensional models reflect only part of information of the building, so that it often covers a number of design defects. Virtual reality technology which introduced into building design allows designers or owners immersive experience the building built. Designers can be fully in accordance with their own ideas to construct the "virtual" room, and can transform the point of view anyway in room which understanding the pros and cons of building design, and constantly make changes until satisfied.
With the development of the times, the emergence of the new teaching concepts, such as the constructivist teaching, promotes the application requirements of virtual reality technology in teaching field. In the field of architectural design teaching, they have long been a desire for a tool for creating scenarios to achieve the combination design and the structural design of the space environment. To achieve the purpose, we need to create effective learning scenarios for students to make them with full immersion and presence and thus more conducive to learning and mastering new knowledge in architectural design teaching. Virtual reality technology allows the artistry of the building that can be emphasized and highlighted, and if the art features of the building are becoming pure, that is the space art. But in the building design process in the past, the space art is difficult to achieve. The space arts with virtual reality technology can be achieved in the field of architectural design. Therefore, the paper proposed that the applied research of virtual reality technology is particularly necessary in the filed of architectural design teaching. In this study, the author is virtual way task of architectural design case, and the effect of classroom teaching cases were effective evaluation.
To sum up, the significance of applied research on virtual reality technology in the field of architectural design teaching is enormous. It not only will promote the change in design thinking of the students and the optimization of the design effect, but also will benefit to the improvement of teaching effectiveness.
引文
[1]邹明,王忠雅.虚拟现实技术在建筑与规划设计中的应用.大连轻工业学院学报2006,(3);77-78.
[2]刘祥,虚拟现实技术辅助建筑设计.机械工业出版社,2-7.
[3]王柯.基于虚拟现实技术的三维漫游系统研究与实现.西南交通大学研究生学位论文.2003级;1.
[4]申蔚,曾文琪.虚拟现实技术.清华大学出版社.2009(8);8-9.
[5]李苏旻.虚拟现实技术在建筑与城市规划中的应用研究.长沙理工大学硕士学位论文.2008;3.
[6] http://www.lunwentianxia.com/product.free.10010184.1/
[7]姜学智,李忠华.国内外虚拟现实技术研究现状.辽宁工程技术大学学报.2004(2);238-240.
[8]邢红生.基于虚拟现实技术的城市三维建模研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2001;7.
[9]瞿畅,王君泽,曹红蓓.Web3D技术及其在工程图学教学中的应用.工程图学学报2006(2);150-154.
[10]张建碧.虚拟实验室的教学应用.科技信息.2009(1).
[11]王要武,薛小龙,韩喜双.虚拟现实技术在建筑业中的应用研究.低温建筑技术2004(1);90-91.
[12]徐媛.增强现实技术的教学应用研究.中国远程教育.2007(10);208.
[13]管涛,李利军.增强现实在小区规划中的应用研究.工程图学学报.2006(5);50-54.
[14]陶桦铭.论建筑设计的教学.中国科技信息.2005(7);172.
[15]刘春香.建筑设计教学中存在的问题与对策.辽宁工学院学报.2005(4);128-130.
[16]陈芳.情境教学法在教学中的应用.太原城市职业技术学院学报.2009(3).
[17]林琳.虚拟现实技术在建筑设计教学体系中的应用.电大理工.2008(3);20-22.
[18] http://www.gotoread.com/mag/1237/contribution5568.html
[19] http://www.gotoread.com/mag/1237/contribution5568.html
[20] Song Meehae,Muller-wittig Wolfgang C T K Y.Reconstructing PeranakanIdentities through Digital Heritage[A].in Proceedings of VSMM[C]. IEEE, 2002-11-14/2009-3-7.
[21]国家技术前瞻研究组.中国技术前瞻报.2004[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2005.
[22]王要武,薛小龙,韩喜双.虚拟现实技术在建筑业中的应用研究.低温建筑技术2004(1);90-91.
[23]邹明,王忠雅.虚拟现实技术在建筑与规划设计中的应用.大连轻工业学院学报2006(03);77-78.
[24]刘志菊.浅谈虚拟现实技术及其应用技术.山西建筑.2008(3).
[25]郑先友,苏继会,冯四清.建筑设计教学的创造性思维培养体系.建筑学报.1998(5);10-14.
[26]文铮.虚拟现实技术在景观设计教学中的应用前景.2006(5);89-91.
[27]林琳,虚拟现实技术在建筑设计教学体系中的应用.电大理工.2008(3);20-22.
[28] http://baike.baidu.com/view/1170229.htm
[29]王涛.任务驱动式教学法在AutoCAD教学中的探讨.内蒙古石油化工.2009(18);73.
[30]王涛.任务驱动式教学法在AutoCAD教学中的探讨.内蒙古石油化工.2009(18);73.
[31]鲁英灿.设计大师Sketchup入门.[M]北京清华大学出版社.2006.
[32] http://support.quest3d.com/index.php?title=Reference_Manual/Getting_Started/Importing
[33] http://support.quest3d.com/index.php?search=walkthrough+camera
[34]盛群力等.教学设计.高等教育出版社.2006(8).
[2]刘祥,虚拟现实技术辅助建筑设计.机械工业出版社,2-7.
[3]王柯.基于虚拟现实技术的三维漫游系统研究与实现.西南交通大学研究生学位论文.2003级;1.
[4]申蔚,曾文琪.虚拟现实技术.清华大学出版社.2009(8);8-9.
[5]李苏旻.虚拟现实技术在建筑与城市规划中的应用研究.长沙理工大学硕士学位论文.2008;3.
[6] http://www.lunwentianxia.com/product.free.10010184.1/
[7]姜学智,李忠华.国内外虚拟现实技术研究现状.辽宁工程技术大学学报.2004(2);238-240.
[8]邢红生.基于虚拟现实技术的城市三维建模研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2001;7.
[9]瞿畅,王君泽,曹红蓓.Web3D技术及其在工程图学教学中的应用.工程图学学报2006(2);150-154.
[10]张建碧.虚拟实验室的教学应用.科技信息.2009(1).
[11]王要武,薛小龙,韩喜双.虚拟现实技术在建筑业中的应用研究.低温建筑技术2004(1);90-91.
[12]徐媛.增强现实技术的教学应用研究.中国远程教育.2007(10);208.
[13]管涛,李利军.增强现实在小区规划中的应用研究.工程图学学报.2006(5);50-54.
[14]陶桦铭.论建筑设计的教学.中国科技信息.2005(7);172.
[15]刘春香.建筑设计教学中存在的问题与对策.辽宁工学院学报.2005(4);128-130.
[16]陈芳.情境教学法在教学中的应用.太原城市职业技术学院学报.2009(3).
[17]林琳.虚拟现实技术在建筑设计教学体系中的应用.电大理工.2008(3);20-22.
[18] http://www.gotoread.com/mag/1237/contribution5568.html
[19] http://www.gotoread.com/mag/1237/contribution5568.html
[20] Song Meehae,Muller-wittig Wolfgang C T K Y.Reconstructing PeranakanIdentities through Digital Heritage[A].in Proceedings of VSMM[C]. IEEE, 2002-11-14/2009-3-7.
[21]国家技术前瞻研究组.中国技术前瞻报.2004[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2005.
[22]王要武,薛小龙,韩喜双.虚拟现实技术在建筑业中的应用研究.低温建筑技术2004(1);90-91.
[23]邹明,王忠雅.虚拟现实技术在建筑与规划设计中的应用.大连轻工业学院学报2006(03);77-78.
[24]刘志菊.浅谈虚拟现实技术及其应用技术.山西建筑.2008(3).
[25]郑先友,苏继会,冯四清.建筑设计教学的创造性思维培养体系.建筑学报.1998(5);10-14.
[26]文铮.虚拟现实技术在景观设计教学中的应用前景.2006(5);89-91.
[27]林琳,虚拟现实技术在建筑设计教学体系中的应用.电大理工.2008(3);20-22.
[28] http://baike.baidu.com/view/1170229.htm
[29]王涛.任务驱动式教学法在AutoCAD教学中的探讨.内蒙古石油化工.2009(18);73.
[30]王涛.任务驱动式教学法在AutoCAD教学中的探讨.内蒙古石油化工.2009(18);73.
[31]鲁英灿.设计大师Sketchup入门.[M]北京清华大学出版社.2006.
[32] http://support.quest3d.com/index.php?title=Reference_Manual/Getting_Started/Importing
[33] http://support.quest3d.com/index.php?search=walkthrough+camera
[34]盛群力等.教学设计.高等教育出版社.2006(8).