PRT交通系统在我国城市中的应用研究
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摘要
当前,世界上许多城市都面临着私人小汽车迅速增长带来的一系列交通和环境问题,如道路拥堵、尾气排放和噪音污染、汽车停放挤占城市空间、对汽油燃料的依赖加剧能源短缺等,因此,如何发展一种节能省地、绿色环保、安全可靠、舒适准点、灵活便捷的交通方式,实现城市交通的可持续发展显得十分必要。
本文所研究的新型个人捷运交通系统(Personal Rapid Transit)为城市交通问题的解决提供了新契机,该系统采用悬挂式路面轨道两用车辆,能以较低的建设成本达到较高的出行效率和服务质量。它综合了小汽车和公共交通的诸多优点,具有节能、省地、运量大、全天候、无污染又安全等其它交通方式无法比拟的潜在优势,是融合了各种先进技术的现代化绿色交通方式。
本文基于对PRT系统特性分析和对我国城市交通的突出问题的认识,从规划角度论证PRT在我国应用的可行性和适应性,侧重对PRT系统的轨道、线路交叉口、停靠站、枢纽站等问题进行研究,提出相应的设计方案,并初步探讨了PRT系统的组织管理及运营模式,同时,以北京市石景山区为例,建构PRT线网规划的概念性方案,进一步选取交通问题比较突出的典型路段,在调查研究的基础上,提出PRT应用的实施性方案。
上述研究内容将对PRT在我国城市中的应用提供一定的借鉴和参考价值。
At present, many cities of the world are facing a series of traffic and environment problems caused by the rapid growth of private car, such as road congestion, exhaust emissions and noise pollution, car park occupies urban space, meanwhile, dependence on gasoline is increasing the tense of energy shortage.Therefore, how to develop a land-efficient, green, safe, reliable, comfortable and punctual, flexible and convenient mode of transportation, to achieve the sustainable development of urban transport is very necessary. A new personal rapid transport system (PRT) will provide new opportunities for urban traffic problems. This system is a technologically advanced green transportation mode used dual-suspended road rail vehicles at a lower cost to achieve higher efficiency and service quality of travel. PRT combines a number of cars and public transport and other modes of transport can not match this potential advantages.
Based on the analysis of PRT system features and the urban transport issues in china and the essay demonstrates the feasibility and adaptability of applying PRT in our country from the planning point of view, puts forward the corresponding design and has some researches on management and operation mode of the PRT system, taking example of Shijingshan District of Beijing, the paper constructs a conceptual programs of PRT network planning, selects a typical section where the traffic problem is very serious and proposes implemental PRT programs based on the investigation and study.
Above content in this essay will provide a reference value for applications of PRT in our cities.
本文所研究的新型个人捷运交通系统(Personal Rapid Transit)为城市交通问题的解决提供了新契机,该系统采用悬挂式路面轨道两用车辆,能以较低的建设成本达到较高的出行效率和服务质量。它综合了小汽车和公共交通的诸多优点,具有节能、省地、运量大、全天候、无污染又安全等其它交通方式无法比拟的潜在优势,是融合了各种先进技术的现代化绿色交通方式。
本文基于对PRT系统特性分析和对我国城市交通的突出问题的认识,从规划角度论证PRT在我国应用的可行性和适应性,侧重对PRT系统的轨道、线路交叉口、停靠站、枢纽站等问题进行研究,提出相应的设计方案,并初步探讨了PRT系统的组织管理及运营模式,同时,以北京市石景山区为例,建构PRT线网规划的概念性方案,进一步选取交通问题比较突出的典型路段,在调查研究的基础上,提出PRT应用的实施性方案。
上述研究内容将对PRT在我国城市中的应用提供一定的借鉴和参考价值。
At present, many cities of the world are facing a series of traffic and environment problems caused by the rapid growth of private car, such as road congestion, exhaust emissions and noise pollution, car park occupies urban space, meanwhile, dependence on gasoline is increasing the tense of energy shortage.Therefore, how to develop a land-efficient, green, safe, reliable, comfortable and punctual, flexible and convenient mode of transportation, to achieve the sustainable development of urban transport is very necessary. A new personal rapid transport system (PRT) will provide new opportunities for urban traffic problems. This system is a technologically advanced green transportation mode used dual-suspended road rail vehicles at a lower cost to achieve higher efficiency and service quality of travel. PRT combines a number of cars and public transport and other modes of transport can not match this potential advantages.
Based on the analysis of PRT system features and the urban transport issues in china and the essay demonstrates the feasibility and adaptability of applying PRT in our country from the planning point of view, puts forward the corresponding design and has some researches on management and operation mode of the PRT system, taking example of Shijingshan District of Beijing, the paper constructs a conceptual programs of PRT network planning, selects a typical section where the traffic problem is very serious and proposes implemental PRT programs based on the investigation and study.
Above content in this essay will provide a reference value for applications of PRT in our cities.
引文
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[6]Richard Thornton, Tracy Clark, Michael Bottasso.Maglev Personal Rapid Transit Benjamin Edelman. Personal Rapid Transport.2009,11
[7]Benjamin Edelman. Personal Rapid Transport.2009,11
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[9]Pengjun Zheng,Mike McDonald, David Jeffery. Development and Evaluation of Traffic Management Strategies for Personal Rapid Transit. Transportation Research Group, School of Civil Engineering and the Environment University of Southampton,2009
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[2]Booz Allen Hamilton."Personal Rapid Transit, Strategies for Advancing the State of The Industry"Transportation Research Board-January 23,2007
[3]Jon A. Carnegie, Alan M. Voorhees Transportation Center Rutgers, Viability of Personal Rapid Transit In New Jersey final report,2007.2
[4]J. Edward Anderson.High-Capacity Personal Rapid Transit:Rationale, Attributes, Status, Economics, Benefits. Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA,2007
[5]Gōran Tegnerl, Transek AB, Ingmar Andreasson, Logistik Centrum. PRT-a High quality, Cost-efficient and Sustainable Public Transport System for Kungens Kurva. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automated People Movers,2005.
[6]Richard Thornton, Tracy Clark, Michael Bottasso.Maglev Personal Rapid Transit Benjamin Edelman. Personal Rapid Transport.2009,11
[7]Benjamin Edelman. Personal Rapid Transport.2009,11
[8]John Mogge The Technology of Personal Rapid Transit. Transport Technology Lead, MASDAR Program Team,January,2009
[9]Pengjun Zheng,Mike McDonald, David Jeffery. Development and Evaluation of Traffic Management Strategies for Personal Rapid Transit. Transportation Research Group, School of Civil Engineering and the Environment University of Southampton,2009
[10]Bengt Gustafsson of Beamways AB.Future transit system for Uppsala. September 17, 2009
[11]U.S. Government Printing Office. Automated Guideway Transit: An Assessment of PRT and Other New Systems, Washington,1975.6
[12]M.Buchanan, J.E Anderson, G Tegner, L. Fabian, J. Schweizer (2005). "Emerging Personal Rapid Transit Technologies". Proceedings of the AATS conference, Bologna, Italy,7 November-8 November 2005. Retrieved 2006.
[13]Muller, P. J. Allee, W, Personal Rapid Transit, an Airport Panacea? Transportation Research Board Paper No.05-0599, January,2005
[14]Johnson, Robert E. "Doubling Personal Rapid Transit Capacity with Ridesharing". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2005.
[15]The Sky Loop Committee And Taxi 2000 Corporation.A Rebuttal to the Central Area Loop Study Draft Final Report.2001.11
[16]Advanced Transit Association."Personal Automated Transportation: Status and Potential of Personal Rapid Transit".2003. Retrieved 25 March 2006
[17]Taxi 2000 corporation. SkywebExpress feasibility study results summary.2007.
[18]Jin-Myung Won, Hyojeong Choe, and Fakhreddine Karray, Member, IEEE Optimal Design of Personal Rapid Transit.2006 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference Toronto, Canada, September 17-20,2006
[19]J. Edward Anderson, Ph.D. P. E. Overcoming Headway Limitations in Personal Rapid Transit Systems.3rd Conference on Pod Cars, Malmo, Sweden,9-10 December 2009
[20]J. Edward Anderson, Ph.D. P.E. Some History of PRT Simulation Programs.
[21]J. Edward Anderson, Ph.D., P. E. An Intelligent Transportation Network System: Rationale, Attributes, Status, Economics, Benefits, and Courses of Study for Engineers and Planners. PRT International, LLC Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA,2009.10
[22]Yonas Jongkind Bachelor of Technology. Customer responses to dual mode personal rapid transit, project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of business administration,2006
[23]Jack H. Irving, Harry Bernstein,C. L.Olson. Fundamentals of Personal Rapid Transit Based on a Program of Research at the aerospace corporation.
[24]陈尚和,王沛霖.北京市小汽车交通发展研究[J].城市交通.2008(03)：53-56
[25]孔令斌.新形势下中国城市交通发展环境变化与可持续发展[J].城市交通.2009(07)：8-16
[26]张扬.个人快速公交系统的发展现状及启示[J].城市轨道交通究.2006(5)：63-64
[27]张扬.一种新的城市轻型交通系统-ULTra[J].城市轨道交通研究.2006(2)：70.
[28]王希.全自动旅客捷运(APM)系统提高机场的运营效率[J].广东科技.2007(08)：技.：120-121
[29]施仲衡,冯爱军.城市轨道交通技术发展战略探讨[J].都市快轨交通.2004(04)：4-7
[30]朱蓓玲,宋键全.自动无人驾驶车辆功能与特点[J].地下工程与隧道,2005(04)：33-40
[31]俞礼军.个人快速交通技术发展现状与应用展望[J].城市轨道交通究.2007(09)：60-65
[32]洪华南.跨座式单轨交通运输能力研究[J].现代城市轨道交通.2004(05)：36-39
[33]杨明.无人自动驾驶车辆研究综述与展望[D].哈尔滨工业大学学报.2006(38)：1259-1262
[34]Georges AMAR.城市交通的多方式转换与机动性研究的新规则[J].城市规划学刊,2005(02)：102
[35]王晶.北京市交通社会成本的评估[J].交通环保.2005(02)：31
[36]刘爽,毛保华,贾顺平.北京城市交通结构发展进程研究[J].综合运输.2009(04)： 49-52
[37]蒋光胜,贺玉龙,杨孝宽.北京小汽车发展策略研究[J].综合运输.2005(03)：68-71
[38]殷广涛.前瞻与落实—石景山区综合交通规划[J].北京规划建设.2007(02)：145-147
[39]郭春安,姚智胜.轨道交通改变出行方式[J].北京规划建设.2009(01)：45-48
[40]北京交通发展研究中心[R].2008年北京交通发展报告.2008,10
[41]张瑶.北京市城市交通发展现况与对策[J].现代城市轨道交通.2008(1)：32-35
[42]秦国栋.新时期城市轨道交通发展的思考[J].城市交通.2006(02)：1-5
[43]沈世郁.现代城市轻轨(独轨)设计技术[J].城市道桥与防洪.1995(04)：1-20
[44]孙文德.个人列车—克服城市交通拥挤的新设计[J].科学中国人.1995(01)：55-56
[45]俞展献,李海川.单轨轨道交通发展现状和展望[J].中国铁路.2002(01)：43-45
[46]刘永欣.单轨交通系统的发展模式[J].中国铁路.2007(06)：69-71
[47]王东民.单轨交通系统在我国应用发展前景分析[J].科技资讯.2007(16)：7
[48]陆化普.城市绿色交通的实现途径[J].城市交通.2009(06)：22-27
[49]仇保兴.中国城市交通模式的正确选择[J].城市交通.2008(02)：6-9.
[50]郑明远.轨道交通时代的城市开发[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2006
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