影响老年旅游者消费水平的因素研究
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摘要
人口老龄化是全世界都不可回避的一个必然发展趋势。中国不仅是世界上人口最多的国家,也是世界上老龄人口最多的国家,还是人口老龄化速度最快的国家之一。进入21世纪以来,随着我国经济水平和人民生活水平的提高,人口老龄化也在不断加剧,老年市场和老年产业如同老龄问题一样,已成为社会关注的热点问题之一。旅游,已渐渐成为越来越多的老年人一种普遍的休闲、娱乐方式。伴随我国社会形态的转变,老年人特殊的知识结构、价值取向、心理特征、体质状况等使老年旅游日益突显为旅游市场的一个新增长点,老年人的消费观念与消费结构也在不断地丰富与发展。因此,开发老年旅游市场、振兴老年旅游产业将成为促进旅游经济持续增长不可或缺的内容。
本研究从消费行为理论的角度出发,通过充分阅读文献资料并有效借鉴已有的旅游者消费行为及相关学科的研究成果,提练出影响老年旅游者消费水平四个方面的因素,包括个人因素、家庭因素、经济因素、旅游需求因素。在研究方法上,突破了传统的旅游行为泛论模式,采用理论与实践、定性与定量相结合的方法,为现有的旅游消费行为理论认知进行了有益的补充。本文以重庆市主城九区的老年旅游者作为研究对象,通过实地分层抽样调查,对所收集的数据资料进行科学地统计与分析,并建立老年旅游消费水平与影响因素之间的多元线性回归模型,运用逐步回归的方法对所有影响因素进行筛选与检验,探索出影响老年旅游消费水平显著的因素。
通过研究与分析,本文得到以下结论：(1)经济因素是影响老年旅游消费水平的首要因素；(2)意愿与老年旅游消费水平呈正相关；(3)家庭结构越复杂旅游消费水平则越低；(4)出游距离的远近是影响老年旅游消费水平主要因素之一。在此基础上,为开拓重庆市老年旅游市场提出建议：(1)让老年旅游得到更多子女的鼓励与支持；(2)扩大宣传,增强老年人旅游消费观念；(3)设计开发适销对路的老年旅游产品；(4)重视老年旅游市场,提高服务水平；(5)加大政府投入,完善基础设施,规范行业制度。
It is an unavoided trend of the aging population for the whole world. China is the most populous country all of the world, and has the most aging population, and also is one of countries which has the fastest aging population. Since the 21st century, with an improvement of people's living standard and Chinese economical level, the aging population is still unceasingly intensified. Just as the same as old-age market and the aging industry, the aging population has become one of the hot issues of social concerns. Tourism has gradually become more elderly people a general entertainment. With social structures being changed in our country, the elderly specific knowledge structure, value orientation, psychological characteristics, physical condition, etc. will enable the elderly travel to highlight a new growth point of the tourism market. And their consumption attitude and consumption structure is also enriched and developed continuously. Therefore, it is essential for tourism economy steadily growing to develop in old tourist market and revitalization of older tourist industry.
This study, based upon the theory of consumer behavior, will be refined the four factors of affecting consumption levels of elderly tourists, including personal factors, family factors, economic factors, traveling demand factors, through reading reference literature thoroughly and drawing on others' research results about consumer behavior and related disciplines of research. In research methods, it has broken the traditional mode of traveling consumer behavior, using the method of combination of theory and practice, qualitative and quantitative, which supple the existing tourism consumer behavior theory of cognition.
This research, which aimed to the elderly tourists of the main nine areas of Chongqing City as a research object, counts and analyzes the collected data scientifically through the stratified sampling investigation, and establishes a multiple linear regression mode between seniors' consumption level of tourism and influencing factors, and finds out the significant factor affecting the sensors' consumption level..
Through this research, it has obtained the following conclusions:(1) economic factors is the primary factor in influencing old age traveling consumption level; (2)The will is positively correlated to the old age traveling consumption level; (3) The more complex the structure of the family, the lower the level of traveling consumption; (4) traveling distance is one of the main factors affecting old age traveling consumption level. In additional, the paper puts forward the proposals for developing old age tourist market for city of Chongqing:(1) the old age traveling obtaining more children's encouragements and supports; (2) expanding propaganda and enhancing the concept of tourism consumption of older persons; (3) designing and developing marketable elderly travel products; (4) restricting much more attention to elderly tourism market, and improving service levels; (5) increasing government investment, and perfecting infrastructure and regulating the industry system.
本研究从消费行为理论的角度出发,通过充分阅读文献资料并有效借鉴已有的旅游者消费行为及相关学科的研究成果,提练出影响老年旅游者消费水平四个方面的因素,包括个人因素、家庭因素、经济因素、旅游需求因素。在研究方法上,突破了传统的旅游行为泛论模式,采用理论与实践、定性与定量相结合的方法,为现有的旅游消费行为理论认知进行了有益的补充。本文以重庆市主城九区的老年旅游者作为研究对象,通过实地分层抽样调查,对所收集的数据资料进行科学地统计与分析,并建立老年旅游消费水平与影响因素之间的多元线性回归模型,运用逐步回归的方法对所有影响因素进行筛选与检验,探索出影响老年旅游消费水平显著的因素。
通过研究与分析,本文得到以下结论：(1)经济因素是影响老年旅游消费水平的首要因素；(2)意愿与老年旅游消费水平呈正相关；(3)家庭结构越复杂旅游消费水平则越低；(4)出游距离的远近是影响老年旅游消费水平主要因素之一。在此基础上,为开拓重庆市老年旅游市场提出建议：(1)让老年旅游得到更多子女的鼓励与支持；(2)扩大宣传,增强老年人旅游消费观念；(3)设计开发适销对路的老年旅游产品；(4)重视老年旅游市场,提高服务水平；(5)加大政府投入,完善基础设施,规范行业制度。
It is an unavoided trend of the aging population for the whole world. China is the most populous country all of the world, and has the most aging population, and also is one of countries which has the fastest aging population. Since the 21st century, with an improvement of people's living standard and Chinese economical level, the aging population is still unceasingly intensified. Just as the same as old-age market and the aging industry, the aging population has become one of the hot issues of social concerns. Tourism has gradually become more elderly people a general entertainment. With social structures being changed in our country, the elderly specific knowledge structure, value orientation, psychological characteristics, physical condition, etc. will enable the elderly travel to highlight a new growth point of the tourism market. And their consumption attitude and consumption structure is also enriched and developed continuously. Therefore, it is essential for tourism economy steadily growing to develop in old tourist market and revitalization of older tourist industry.
This study, based upon the theory of consumer behavior, will be refined the four factors of affecting consumption levels of elderly tourists, including personal factors, family factors, economic factors, traveling demand factors, through reading reference literature thoroughly and drawing on others' research results about consumer behavior and related disciplines of research. In research methods, it has broken the traditional mode of traveling consumer behavior, using the method of combination of theory and practice, qualitative and quantitative, which supple the existing tourism consumer behavior theory of cognition.
This research, which aimed to the elderly tourists of the main nine areas of Chongqing City as a research object, counts and analyzes the collected data scientifically through the stratified sampling investigation, and establishes a multiple linear regression mode between seniors' consumption level of tourism and influencing factors, and finds out the significant factor affecting the sensors' consumption level..
Through this research, it has obtained the following conclusions:(1) economic factors is the primary factor in influencing old age traveling consumption level; (2)The will is positively correlated to the old age traveling consumption level; (3) The more complex the structure of the family, the lower the level of traveling consumption; (4) traveling distance is one of the main factors affecting old age traveling consumption level. In additional, the paper puts forward the proposals for developing old age tourist market for city of Chongqing:(1) the old age traveling obtaining more children's encouragements and supports; (2) expanding propaganda and enhancing the concept of tourism consumption of older persons; (3) designing and developing marketable elderly travel products; (4) restricting much more attention to elderly tourism market, and improving service levels; (5) increasing government investment, and perfecting infrastructure and regulating the industry system.
引文
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