异构服务组装执行引擎的设计及关键技术研究
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摘要
软件技术的迅速发展,促使服务的类型和数量不断增加,造成网络上存在大量动态、异构的服务资源。如何将这些资源有效组织,完成功能更强大、更完整的应用需求,成为当前服务组装研究的热点。工作流技术在流程驱动方面具有协调各种应用、处理过程自动化等特点,被广泛用于服务组装过程中的流程调度。然而,目前的工作流引擎普遍缺乏对异构服务组装资源动态、异构的支持,本文针对这种不足,设计了一种面向异构服务的执行引擎。
活动的状态是流程调度过程中与活动联系最紧密的属性,本文充分利用活动的状态信息,设计了基于状态驱动的活动调度机制。定义活动触发的三个使能条件:控制使能、参数使能和自定义使能,通过使能条件衡量活动实例的状态,当活动触发的使能条件满足,服务实例被驱动,服务的驱动带来控制的转移和参数的传递,促使下一个服务触发的使能条件满足,如此带动流程执行的推进。
其次,流程的调度执行是数据流和控制流共同作用的结果,而数据流的转移是通过参数的传递实现的,参数传递的关键是确定源参数与目标参数的唯一绑定关系。本文从参数名称和参数类型两个方面进行分析,通过基于语义相似度的参数匹配,确定参数间源参数到目标参数的绑定关系,并通过实例介绍了参数绑定的过程。
最后,执行引擎良好的容错机制是服务组装平台稳定运行的重要保障。本文对异构服务组装中出现的故障进行分类,按照故障对流程的影响分为暂时性故障和永久性故障,针对这两种情况分别采用基于代理的二次驱动和面向事务的服务替换策略,对故障进行屏蔽。
The rapid development of software technology, contributes to the increasing of services in type and quantity, and also causes emerging of many dynamic, heterogeneous services on the network. How organize these resources effectively to turn them into more powerful, more complete application requirements, is the hot spot of current services composition. Because workflow has many characteristics such as coordinating applications, processing automation in process-driven technology, so it has been widely used in the process of services composition. However, the workflow engine to a general lack of the support for dynamic, heterogeneous services, this thesis designs a heterogeneous service-oriented engine for services composition to these limitations.
The state of activities is a property most closely associated with the activities in the process of services composition. We take full advantage of the state information, and design a state-driven mechanism for scheduling activities. Defining three enable conditions that can trigger activities: enable condition for control, parameters and user-defined. So the state of activities can be measured through these conditions. When the trigger conditions of activities can be met, services being driven, service-driven brings about the transfer of control and the transmission of parameters, and triggers the next service under the conditions that can be met, so lead the implementation process to further advance.
Second, the scheduling of process is the the common results of the data flow and the control flow, and the data flow is carried out through the transfer of control and parameters. The key of parameters transmission is to determine the only source of the binding relationship. This thesis analysis from two sides: the name of parameters and the type of parameters, determines the binding relationship of source and aim by matching the parameters based on the semantic similarity, and introduces the binding process through examples.
Finally, a good fault-tolerant mechanism is an important safeguard for stable operation of services composition platform. The exceptions in the process of heterogeneous services composition are divided into two sorts in accordance to the impact, and are both given the different solution: the second driving based on agents and service-oriented replace.
活动的状态是流程调度过程中与活动联系最紧密的属性,本文充分利用活动的状态信息,设计了基于状态驱动的活动调度机制。定义活动触发的三个使能条件:控制使能、参数使能和自定义使能,通过使能条件衡量活动实例的状态,当活动触发的使能条件满足,服务实例被驱动,服务的驱动带来控制的转移和参数的传递,促使下一个服务触发的使能条件满足,如此带动流程执行的推进。
其次,流程的调度执行是数据流和控制流共同作用的结果,而数据流的转移是通过参数的传递实现的,参数传递的关键是确定源参数与目标参数的唯一绑定关系。本文从参数名称和参数类型两个方面进行分析,通过基于语义相似度的参数匹配,确定参数间源参数到目标参数的绑定关系,并通过实例介绍了参数绑定的过程。
最后,执行引擎良好的容错机制是服务组装平台稳定运行的重要保障。本文对异构服务组装中出现的故障进行分类,按照故障对流程的影响分为暂时性故障和永久性故障,针对这两种情况分别采用基于代理的二次驱动和面向事务的服务替换策略,对故障进行屏蔽。
The rapid development of software technology, contributes to the increasing of services in type and quantity, and also causes emerging of many dynamic, heterogeneous services on the network. How organize these resources effectively to turn them into more powerful, more complete application requirements, is the hot spot of current services composition. Because workflow has many characteristics such as coordinating applications, processing automation in process-driven technology, so it has been widely used in the process of services composition. However, the workflow engine to a general lack of the support for dynamic, heterogeneous services, this thesis designs a heterogeneous service-oriented engine for services composition to these limitations.
The state of activities is a property most closely associated with the activities in the process of services composition. We take full advantage of the state information, and design a state-driven mechanism for scheduling activities. Defining three enable conditions that can trigger activities: enable condition for control, parameters and user-defined. So the state of activities can be measured through these conditions. When the trigger conditions of activities can be met, services being driven, service-driven brings about the transfer of control and the transmission of parameters, and triggers the next service under the conditions that can be met, so lead the implementation process to further advance.
Second, the scheduling of process is the the common results of the data flow and the control flow, and the data flow is carried out through the transfer of control and parameters. The key of parameters transmission is to determine the only source of the binding relationship. This thesis analysis from two sides: the name of parameters and the type of parameters, determines the binding relationship of source and aim by matching the parameters based on the semantic similarity, and introduces the binding process through examples.
Finally, a good fault-tolerant mechanism is an important safeguard for stable operation of services composition platform. The exceptions in the process of heterogeneous services composition are divided into two sorts in accordance to the impact, and are both given the different solution: the second driving based on agents and service-oriented replace.
引文
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[2]Rao J H,Su X M.A Survey of Automated Web Service Composition Met hods[A].In:Proceedings of the First Internationalorkshop on Semantic We b Services and Web Process Composition(SWSWPC 2004),San Diego,US A,July 2004.43-54
[3]Srivastava B,Koehler J.Web Service Composition- Current Solutions and Open Problems[A].In:ICAPS 2003 Workshop on Planning for Web Servie -es,Trento,Italy,June 2003.51-59
[4]Milanovie N,Malek M.Current Solutions for Web Service Composition[J].IEEE Internet Computing,2004,8(6):51-59
[5]顾冠群,沈苏彬.新一代高性能计算机网络[J].东南大学学报.2002,32(3):301-310
[6]黄万艮,陈松乔.基于消息的构件组合运算与构件演化[J].小型微型计算机系统,2005,28(7):1216-1220
[7]孙莹,陈松乔.接口连接式构件组装的一种形式化方法[J].计算机科学,2006,33(7):253-257
[8]田宇,陈松乔.一种基于XML的构件组装编译技术研究[J].计算机技术与发展,2006,16(9):12-16
[9]盛津芳,王斌,张尧学等.商业构件评价与选择方法研究[J].计算机科学,2006,33(6):264-267
[10]岳昆,王晓玲,周傲英.Web服务核心支撑技术:研究综述[J].软件学报,2004,15(3):428-442
[11]Xiang JL,Yang J,Mei H.ABC-Tool-an architecture-based component co mposition[J].Journal of Computer Research and Development,2004,41(6):956-964
[12]杨芙清.软件复用及相关技术[J].计算机科学,1999,26(5):1-4
[13]邵建民,吴国芳,张洪志.COM技术的研究[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,2000,33(4):131-133
[14]楼伟进,应飚.COM/DCOM/COM+组件技术[J].计算机应用,2000,20(4):31-33
[15]Microsoft,Inc.COM/DCOM/COM+[DB/OL].http://www.microsoft.com,2000
[16]David Iseminger.OM 技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.7-11
[17]潘爱民.组件技术--COM+[J].微电脑世界,1999.25-29
[18]Object Management Group(OMG).The Common Object Request Broker A rchitecture and Specification(CORBA)[DB/OL].http://www.corba.org,2001
[19]朱其亮,郑斌.CORBA应用及原理[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2001.10-36
[20]彭舰,刘锦德.CORBA组件模型[J].计算机科学,2002,29(5):18-20
[21]高全泉.基于企业标准的CORBA与DCOM之特殊比较[J].计算机科学,2001,28(8):21-27
[22]曹鸣鹏,赵伟,许林英.J2EE技术及其实现[J].计算机应用,2001,21(10):20-23
[23]Deepak Alur,John Crupi,Dan Malks.J2EE 核心模式[M].刘天北,熊节等译.北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[24]Deepak Alur,John Crupi,Dan Malks.Core J2EE patterns:best practices and design strategies,second edition[M].Palo Alto:Prentice Hall PTR,2003.
[25]Rod Johnson.J2EE development frame works[J].Computer,2005,38(1):107-110
[26]Feisi Science and Technique Center of Research and Development.Applicat -ion and Development of Java Web Services.Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2002.190-196
[27]W3C.Web Services Architecture[R].Web Services Architecture Working Group.2004-2-11
[28]OASIS.Mapping of W3C Web Service Architecture Work to SOA RM W -ork[R].2005-05-04.
[29]International Technical Support Organization.Service-Oriented Architecture Overview[DB/OL].http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/Webservices/w-sovsoa,2004.
[30]W3C.Web Services Architecture[DB/OL],2004.http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/NOTE-ws-arch-20040211/
[31]Steve Graham.Building Web Services With Java~(TM)[M].Beijing:China M -achine Press,2003.282-283
[32]高娟,姜利群.基于WSFL的Web服务组合[J].计算机工程与设计,2006,27(9):1652-1655
[33]SUN Li-juan,Du Xiao-gang,Tang Xi.The Application of WSFL in the Par lay X-Based Services Creation[J].The Journal of China Universities of Po sts And Telecommunications,2005,12(1):81-84
[34]孙健,张鹏.基于Petri网的Web服务流语言(WSFL)建模与分析[J].小型微型 计算机系统,2004,25(7):1382-1385
[35]卢刘明,朱国进,陈家训.Web servic集成标记语言关键技术研究[J].计算机应用与软件,2005,22(9):17-19
[36]杜宗霞,葛声.Web服务业务流程规范的比较研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2003(7):7-10
[37]李立纲,李银胜.基于代理和BPEL4W S的Web服务合成与实现[J].计算机应用与软件,2007,24(6):87-89
[38]刘利,范磬亚.一种基于BPEL4W S的多实例工作流模式的解决方案[J].计算机应用与软件,2008,25(1):165-167
[39]陈彦萍,李增智.服务质量驱动的Web服务组合框架的设计与实现[J].北京邮电大学学报,2006,29:21-24
[40]何飞,罗三定,沙莎.基于领域本体的知识关联研究[J].湖南城市学院学报,2005,14(1):69-71
[41]徐宝祥,刘春艳.两种典型语义Web服务方法的比较研究[J].情报科学,2006,24(2):270-274
[42]熊锦华,李厚福.支持即时构造的业务端编程语言VINCA[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2004,16(2):180-185
[43]赵卓峰,韩燕波.一种支持业务用户编程的服务虚拟化技术--VINCA聚合服务机制[J].计算机研究与发展,2004,41(12):2224-2230
[44]房俊,虎嵩林.一种支持业务端编程的服务虚拟化机制VINCA-VM[J].计算机学报,2005,28(4):549-556
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