迟发性脊椎骨骺发育不良病蛋白Sedlin与PAM14蛋白的相互作用
摘要
迟发性脊椎骨骺发育不良病(Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda, SEDT, MIM 313400)是一种X连锁隐性遗传病,主要累及脊椎椎体和承重大关节。其主要临床特征为:患者骨骼病变,常患骨关节炎,身高增长下降致短躯干性侏儒。
SEDL基因的突变导致SEDT的发生(MIM 300202)。该基因定位于Xp22,全长20 kb,包含6个外显子。SEDL基因的表达产物为140个氨基酸组成的Sedlin蛋白,而且该蛋白高度保守,在人类和酵母具有相同的氨基酸序列。Sedlin蛋白是酵母TRAPP(transport protein particle)复合物中Trs20p亚基的同源物。目前认为TRAPPⅠ定位于高尔基复合体的顺面,为COPⅡ膜泡的受体,在从内质网到高尔基复合体的膜泡运输中发挥作用;TRAPPⅡ则主要作用于高尔基复合体内部的物质运输。酵母中Trs20p亚基是TRAPPⅠ、TRAPPⅡ所共有的,而且Trs20p亚基的失活具有致死效应,因此推测Sedlin蛋白质可能在物质运输过程即内质网-高尔基复合体之间的膜泡运输中发挥作用。
为了了解哺乳动物细胞中Sedlin蛋白的功能,本课题组成员已经利用酵母双杂交系统筛选到了若干Sedlin蛋白的结合蛋白,其中包括一些已知蛋白,如胞内氯离子通道蛋白(chloride intracellular channel,CLIC),EB病毒诱导的基因3(Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3,EBI3)蛋白, MRG相关的蛋白PAM14(protein associated with MRG, 14 kD),它们在细胞内均具有广泛的功能。
先前已利用细胞生物学和分子生物学手段证实了在哺乳动物细胞内Sedlin蛋白与CLIC1是相互作用的,提示Sedlin蛋白可能在细胞发育中发挥重要作用。本研究是在上述研究的基础上,探寻Sedlin蛋白在哺乳动物细胞内与PAM14蛋白是否存在相互作用,以进一步了解Sedlin蛋白的功能。首先构建真核表达重组质粒pCDGFP-SEDL、pCDGFP-PAM14,转染COS7细胞,通过免疫荧光方法,检测Sedlin蛋白、PAM14蛋白单独表达时在细胞内的定位情况;转染HEK 293T细胞,细胞裂解液进行Western blot鉴定蛋白质在哺乳动物细胞内的表达;构建重组质粒pGEX-3X-SEDL以表达融合蛋白GST-Sedlin,进行GST-pull down实验,检测Sedlin蛋白在体外与PAM14蛋白能否相互作用;进行免疫共沉淀和免疫荧光实验,检测在哺乳动物细胞内Sedlin蛋白与PAM14蛋白能否相互作用,能否共定位,共转染对蛋白质的定位有无影响。
实验结果表明,Sedlin蛋白为一分子量约16kD的蛋白质,在胞质和胞核中均有分布,且主要表达于胞核;GFP-PAM14融合蛋白的分子量约为41kD,主要表达于细胞核,细胞质较少。GST-pull down实验结果表明,融合蛋白GST-Sedlin与PAM14蛋白之间存在相互作用;免疫共沉淀实验结果表明,在哺乳动物细胞内,Sedlin蛋白与PAM14蛋白之间存在相互作用;免疫荧光实验表明Sedlin蛋白与PAM14蛋白在细胞核存在共定位,且改变不同的蛋白标签,对共定位结果没有影响。综上,在哺乳动物细胞内,Sedlin蛋白与PAM14蛋白之间存在相互作用。
PAM14,是由127个氨基酸残基组成的14 kD的高度保守的蛋白质。因其与MRG15(mortality factor 4-related gene family, MRG)基因家族和肿瘤抑制蛋白Rb蛋白(retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein)相互作用,从而认为PAM14可能参与细胞生长、衰老、永生化等生命活动过程。我们的结果提示Sedlin可能在转录过程中发挥作用。
Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda (SEDT, MIM 313400) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder of X-linked recessive (XR). The main clinical features are skeletal disorders including osteoarthritis, short stature dwarf due to platyspondyly and dysplasia of large joints.
SEDT is caused by the mutation of SEDL gene (MIM 300202), the product of which is called as Sedlin composed of 140-amino acid residues. The SEDL gene is 20 kb in length containing the six exons, and is mapped in Xp22. The highly homology between its orthlogs is found from yeast to human. Sedlin’s ortholog in yeast is Trs20p, a subunit of TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex. The TRAPP has two functional forms, TRAPPⅠand TRAPPⅡ. TRAPPⅠlocalizes on the cis membrane of Golgi complex and plays a critical role in the vesical transport from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi as the receptor of the COPⅡvesicle. TRAPPⅡmainly participate in the trafficking within the Golgi complex. Both of the TRAPPⅠand TRAPPⅡhave the Trs20p subunit and its deletion has lethal effect on yeast cells that can be resecued by Sedlin with microinjection. So Sedlin may play important roles in the vesicle trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex.
To further examine the potential functions of Sedlin in mammalian cells, we performed the yeast two-hybrid screening and obtained some positive clones including CLIC(chloride intracellular channel), EBI3(Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3), and PAM14 (protein associated with MRG, 14 kD) , each of them manifest the wide variety of functions in cells.
We have confirmed the Sedlin can be associated with CLIC1 in mammalian cells. Now we try to investigate whether Sedlin and PAM14 can interact each other in mammalian cells. Firstly, we constructed the recombinant plasmids pCDGFP-SEDL, pCDGFP-PAM14, and transfected them into mammalian cells, and the expression and localization of the Sedlin and PAM14 proteins were analyzed by western blot and fluorescence microscopy. Then we performed the GST-pull down assay with recombinant plasmid pGEX-3X-SEDL expressing the fusion protein GST-Sedlin. Finally, the interaction of Sedlin and PAM14 was confirmed with coimmuniprecipitation assay in HEK 293T cells, and immunofluorescence in COS7 cells was performed to investigate whether they are colocalized or not.
The results showed the Sedlin can interact with PAM14 in vitro by GST-pull down assay and in vivo by coimmunoprecitation, and the colocalization of Sedlin and PAM14 was observed in COS7 cells. So we can conclude that Sedlin and PAM14 interact each other in mammalian cells.
PAM14, a highly conserved protein composed of 127 amino acid residues, is associated with MRG15 and Rb which complexes with MRG15. Rb and MRG15 both function in transcriptional regulations and play important roles in cell growth, senescence and/or immortalization. Our results suggest Sedlin may have implications in transcription process.
SEDL基因的突变导致SEDT的发生(MIM 300202)。该基因定位于Xp22,全长20 kb,包含6个外显子。SEDL基因的表达产物为140个氨基酸组成的Sedlin蛋白,而且该蛋白高度保守,在人类和酵母具有相同的氨基酸序列。Sedlin蛋白是酵母TRAPP(transport protein particle)复合物中Trs20p亚基的同源物。目前认为TRAPPⅠ定位于高尔基复合体的顺面,为COPⅡ膜泡的受体,在从内质网到高尔基复合体的膜泡运输中发挥作用;TRAPPⅡ则主要作用于高尔基复合体内部的物质运输。酵母中Trs20p亚基是TRAPPⅠ、TRAPPⅡ所共有的,而且Trs20p亚基的失活具有致死效应,因此推测Sedlin蛋白质可能在物质运输过程即内质网-高尔基复合体之间的膜泡运输中发挥作用。
为了了解哺乳动物细胞中Sedlin蛋白的功能,本课题组成员已经利用酵母双杂交系统筛选到了若干Sedlin蛋白的结合蛋白,其中包括一些已知蛋白,如胞内氯离子通道蛋白(chloride intracellular channel,CLIC),EB病毒诱导的基因3(Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3,EBI3)蛋白, MRG相关的蛋白PAM14(protein associated with MRG, 14 kD),它们在细胞内均具有广泛的功能。
先前已利用细胞生物学和分子生物学手段证实了在哺乳动物细胞内Sedlin蛋白与CLIC1是相互作用的,提示Sedlin蛋白可能在细胞发育中发挥重要作用。本研究是在上述研究的基础上,探寻Sedlin蛋白在哺乳动物细胞内与PAM14蛋白是否存在相互作用,以进一步了解Sedlin蛋白的功能。首先构建真核表达重组质粒pCDGFP-SEDL、pCDGFP-PAM14,转染COS7细胞,通过免疫荧光方法,检测Sedlin蛋白、PAM14蛋白单独表达时在细胞内的定位情况;转染HEK 293T细胞,细胞裂解液进行Western blot鉴定蛋白质在哺乳动物细胞内的表达;构建重组质粒pGEX-3X-SEDL以表达融合蛋白GST-Sedlin,进行GST-pull down实验,检测Sedlin蛋白在体外与PAM14蛋白能否相互作用;进行免疫共沉淀和免疫荧光实验,检测在哺乳动物细胞内Sedlin蛋白与PAM14蛋白能否相互作用,能否共定位,共转染对蛋白质的定位有无影响。
实验结果表明,Sedlin蛋白为一分子量约16kD的蛋白质,在胞质和胞核中均有分布,且主要表达于胞核;GFP-PAM14融合蛋白的分子量约为41kD,主要表达于细胞核,细胞质较少。GST-pull down实验结果表明,融合蛋白GST-Sedlin与PAM14蛋白之间存在相互作用;免疫共沉淀实验结果表明,在哺乳动物细胞内,Sedlin蛋白与PAM14蛋白之间存在相互作用;免疫荧光实验表明Sedlin蛋白与PAM14蛋白在细胞核存在共定位,且改变不同的蛋白标签,对共定位结果没有影响。综上,在哺乳动物细胞内,Sedlin蛋白与PAM14蛋白之间存在相互作用。
PAM14,是由127个氨基酸残基组成的14 kD的高度保守的蛋白质。因其与MRG15(mortality factor 4-related gene family, MRG)基因家族和肿瘤抑制蛋白Rb蛋白(retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein)相互作用,从而认为PAM14可能参与细胞生长、衰老、永生化等生命活动过程。我们的结果提示Sedlin可能在转录过程中发挥作用。
Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda (SEDT, MIM 313400) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder of X-linked recessive (XR). The main clinical features are skeletal disorders including osteoarthritis, short stature dwarf due to platyspondyly and dysplasia of large joints.
SEDT is caused by the mutation of SEDL gene (MIM 300202), the product of which is called as Sedlin composed of 140-amino acid residues. The SEDL gene is 20 kb in length containing the six exons, and is mapped in Xp22. The highly homology between its orthlogs is found from yeast to human. Sedlin’s ortholog in yeast is Trs20p, a subunit of TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex. The TRAPP has two functional forms, TRAPPⅠand TRAPPⅡ. TRAPPⅠlocalizes on the cis membrane of Golgi complex and plays a critical role in the vesical transport from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi as the receptor of the COPⅡvesicle. TRAPPⅡmainly participate in the trafficking within the Golgi complex. Both of the TRAPPⅠand TRAPPⅡhave the Trs20p subunit and its deletion has lethal effect on yeast cells that can be resecued by Sedlin with microinjection. So Sedlin may play important roles in the vesicle trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex.
To further examine the potential functions of Sedlin in mammalian cells, we performed the yeast two-hybrid screening and obtained some positive clones including CLIC(chloride intracellular channel), EBI3(Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3), and PAM14 (protein associated with MRG, 14 kD) , each of them manifest the wide variety of functions in cells.
We have confirmed the Sedlin can be associated with CLIC1 in mammalian cells. Now we try to investigate whether Sedlin and PAM14 can interact each other in mammalian cells. Firstly, we constructed the recombinant plasmids pCDGFP-SEDL, pCDGFP-PAM14, and transfected them into mammalian cells, and the expression and localization of the Sedlin and PAM14 proteins were analyzed by western blot and fluorescence microscopy. Then we performed the GST-pull down assay with recombinant plasmid pGEX-3X-SEDL expressing the fusion protein GST-Sedlin. Finally, the interaction of Sedlin and PAM14 was confirmed with coimmuniprecipitation assay in HEK 293T cells, and immunofluorescence in COS7 cells was performed to investigate whether they are colocalized or not.
The results showed the Sedlin can interact with PAM14 in vitro by GST-pull down assay and in vivo by coimmunoprecitation, and the colocalization of Sedlin and PAM14 was observed in COS7 cells. So we can conclude that Sedlin and PAM14 interact each other in mammalian cells.
PAM14, a highly conserved protein composed of 127 amino acid residues, is associated with MRG15 and Rb which complexes with MRG15. Rb and MRG15 both function in transcriptional regulations and play important roles in cell growth, senescence and/or immortalization. Our results suggest Sedlin may have implications in transcription process.
引文
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