安徽铜山铜矿三维模拟及构造成矿动力学
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摘要
铜山铜矿位于安徽贵池,为一矽卡岩矿床。以往对这个矿床的研究主要注重于岩体和矿床地球化学特征,本文针对其构造的特殊性,通过对矿区地质资料系统整理、三维地质建模和地质构造调查,在系统总结矿床地质地球化学特征的基础上,分析了构造控矿规律及其动力学机制,主要取得如下5个方面的成果。
1.首次建立了矿体及相关要素的三维模型,为准确展现各地质要素的空间关系、从而全面分析构造控岩控矿规律创造了新的途径。
2.通过分析矿体品位的空间分布,发现:29、30号矿体在上部比较分散,往下部富集部位趋于集中;4号矿体在接触带陡转部位比平缓部位更为富集,这可能与控矿断裂构造的产状变化相关。
3.通过对矿田构造的全面调查分析,论证了逆冲-褶皱系统对成矿岩体的控制,预测了可能成矿的隐伏岩体。
4.首次提出并论证了斜滑双冲断层系统的控矿作用,为对隐伏矿体的勘查提供依据。
5.通过对断层的统计分析,发现前期构造对后期构造具有制约性影响,造成了构造特征的复杂化。
Tongshan copper deposit, located at the Guichi, Anhui province, is a skarn deposit. Previous research focused on the geochemistry characteristic of ore-related intrusion and the deposit. In this paper, research focus is on it's structures. By the comprehensive analysis of all existing geo-data, three-dimensional geological modeling and structural geology surveying, the regularity of structural controlling on ore-bodies and its dynamic mechanism are analyzed, based on systematic summary of geological and geochemical characteristics of the deposit. Major accomplishments achieved in this thesis include 5 aspects as following.
1) The 3D modeling of ore bodies and the related geo-factors are first accomplished, that is a new method for demonstrating spatial relationship of all geological factors and analyzing the regularity structural controlling on ore bodies.
2) By analyzing the spatial distribution of Cu grade in ore-bodies, it is demonstrated that, for the ore-bodies of No.29 and No.30, the high grades are scattered in the upper but become more concentrated down under; for the 4~(th) ore body, the high grades are concentrated in the most crooked segment rather that the flat segment of the contact zone. This distinction distribution of Cu in ore bodies may be related to the mode variation of ore-controlling faults.
3) By comprehensive investigation and analysis on the ore field structural geology, control of thrust-fold system on ore-related intrusion is demonstrated, and a hidden intrusion probably related to Cu mineralization is predicted.
4) An oblique-slip duplex fault system is discovered and its controls on ore bodies is demonstrated, which can be used as basis for predicting ore bodies.
5) By statistical analysis on the occurrence mode of the fault and fractures, it is found that early structure might have a successive influence on the late structures, resulting in complix of the structural characteristics.
1.首次建立了矿体及相关要素的三维模型,为准确展现各地质要素的空间关系、从而全面分析构造控岩控矿规律创造了新的途径。
2.通过分析矿体品位的空间分布,发现:29、30号矿体在上部比较分散,往下部富集部位趋于集中;4号矿体在接触带陡转部位比平缓部位更为富集,这可能与控矿断裂构造的产状变化相关。
3.通过对矿田构造的全面调查分析,论证了逆冲-褶皱系统对成矿岩体的控制,预测了可能成矿的隐伏岩体。
4.首次提出并论证了斜滑双冲断层系统的控矿作用,为对隐伏矿体的勘查提供依据。
5.通过对断层的统计分析,发现前期构造对后期构造具有制约性影响,造成了构造特征的复杂化。
Tongshan copper deposit, located at the Guichi, Anhui province, is a skarn deposit. Previous research focused on the geochemistry characteristic of ore-related intrusion and the deposit. In this paper, research focus is on it's structures. By the comprehensive analysis of all existing geo-data, three-dimensional geological modeling and structural geology surveying, the regularity of structural controlling on ore-bodies and its dynamic mechanism are analyzed, based on systematic summary of geological and geochemical characteristics of the deposit. Major accomplishments achieved in this thesis include 5 aspects as following.
1) The 3D modeling of ore bodies and the related geo-factors are first accomplished, that is a new method for demonstrating spatial relationship of all geological factors and analyzing the regularity structural controlling on ore bodies.
2) By analyzing the spatial distribution of Cu grade in ore-bodies, it is demonstrated that, for the ore-bodies of No.29 and No.30, the high grades are scattered in the upper but become more concentrated down under; for the 4~(th) ore body, the high grades are concentrated in the most crooked segment rather that the flat segment of the contact zone. This distinction distribution of Cu in ore bodies may be related to the mode variation of ore-controlling faults.
3) By comprehensive investigation and analysis on the ore field structural geology, control of thrust-fold system on ore-related intrusion is demonstrated, and a hidden intrusion probably related to Cu mineralization is predicted.
4) An oblique-slip duplex fault system is discovered and its controls on ore bodies is demonstrated, which can be used as basis for predicting ore bodies.
5) By statistical analysis on the occurrence mode of the fault and fractures, it is found that early structure might have a successive influence on the late structures, resulting in complix of the structural characteristics.
引文
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[13]Liu L M,Peng S L.Prediction of hidden ore bodies by synthesis of geological,geophysical and geochemical information based on dynamic model in Fenghuangshan ore field,Tongling district,China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2004,81:81-99
[14]Tosdal R M,Richards J P.Magmatic and structural controls on the development of porphyry Cu±Mo±Au deposits[J].Reviews in Economic Geology,2001,14:157-181
[15]Sillitoe R H.Erosion and collapse of volcanoes:Cause of telescoping in intrusion-centered ore deposits[J].Geology,1994,22:945-948
[16]Sillitoe R H.Characteristics and controls of the largest porphyry copper -gold and epithermal gold deposits in the circum-Pacific region[J].Australian Journal of Earth Sciences,1997,44:373-388
[17]Richards J P,Boyce A J,Pringle M S.Geologic evolution of the Escondida area,northem Chile:a model for spatial and temporal localization of porphyry Cu mineralization[J].Economic Geology,2001,96:271-306
[18]Malo M,Moritz R,Dube B,et al.Base metal skarn and Au occurrences in the southern Gaspe Appalachians:distal products of a faulted and displaced magmatic-hydrothermal system along the Grand Pabos-Restigouche fault system[J].Economic Geology,2000,95:1297-1318
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[20]Norton D L,Dutrow B L.Complex behavior of magma-hydrothermal proceeses:role of supercritical fluid[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2001,65:4009-4017
[21]Keating G N,Geissman J W,Zyvoloski G A.Multiphase modeling of contact metamorphic systems and application to transitional geomagnetic fields[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2002,198:429-448
[22]刘亮明,王建青,詹德光.岩体接触带-断裂扩容构造控矿模式及其在铜山铜矿深部找矿中的应用[J].矿物学报增刊,515-517
[23]Liu L M,Yang G Y,Peng S L.Nunnerical modelling of coupled geodynamical processes and its role in facilitating predictive ore discovery:An example from Tongling,China[J].Resource Geology,2005,55(1):21-31
[24]刘亮明,疏志明,赵崇斌,等.矽卡岩矿床的汇流扩容空间控矿机制及其对深部的找矿意义:以铜陵-安庆地区为例[J].岩石学报,2008,24(8)
[25]於崇文.成矿作用动力学--理论体系和方法论[J].地学前缘,1994,1(3):54-73
[26]於崇文,岑况,鲍征宇,等.成矿作用动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,1998
[27]翟裕生.关于构造-流体--成矿作用研究的几个问题[J].地学前缘,1996(3):230-236
[28]韩润生.初论构造成矿动力学及其隐伏矿定位预测研究内容和方法[J].地质与勘探,2003(1):5-9
[29]陈国达.成矿构造研究法[M].北京:地质出版社,1985
[30]翟裕生,石准立,曾庆丰,等.矿田构造与成矿[M].北京:地质出版社,1981
[31]陈广浩,苏勇,张湘炳.成矿构造研究法在危机矿山找矿中的几个应用实例[J].大地构造与成矿学,2005,(1):63-70
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