地震作用下土石混合体边坡稳定性研究
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摘要
我国西部地区存在着许多土石混合体边坡,且西部大部分地区又处于强震区,地震活动强、频度高,这样的环境不可避免地带来了大量和地震作用有关的土石混合体边坡问题,随着西部大开发战略的实施,相当多的岩土工程将建在强震区,土石混合体边坡的地震稳定性问题也显得日趋突出。
地震效应对土石混合体边坡的影响是个极其复杂的动力过程,国内对此课题的研究尚不多见,到目前为止,边坡地震作用下稳定性分析仍采用基于极限平衡理论的拟静力法,抗震设计方面仍停留在经验状态,严重影响了设计的可靠性、经济性和科学性。因此对土石混合体边坡在地震作用下失稳机制以及稳定性评价方法进行深入研究,不仅能推动地震作用下土石混合体边坡稳定性理论的发展和创新,而且能够为岩土工程建设的决策、设计和施工提供技术支持,具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。
本文以汶川茅草坪滑坡为研究对象,在野外地质调查、资料收集和分析基础上,详细的阐述了茅草坪边坡的工程地质特征,并由此概化出滑坡基本地质模型。在相关领域已有的研究基础上,开展了地震作用下土石混合体边坡的稳定性研究,具体的研究内容与取得的成果如下:
(1)分析了地震作用下土石混合体边坡稳定性的影响因素,讨论地质构造、地层岩性、地形地貌、边坡内部结构等内因和地震荷载、人为因素等外因对边坡的稳定性影响,从而为土石混合体边坡的设计和加固提供指导。
(2)分析了地震作用下土石混合体边坡失稳破坏机理,主要有累积和触发效应、高位滑坡抛射运动、碎屑流化等。
(3)运用基于FLAC-3D弹塑性理论对都汶路茅草坪边坡工点进行了天然状态下和地震作用下的稳定性分析,分析结果显示了对土石混合体边坡地震稳定性总体态势的把握。
There are many mixture slope in western china , and most of western china are in the earthquake zone.The environment, in seismicly strong and high frequency activity, inevitably leads to many problems of earthquake-related mixture slope. With the implementation of the western development strategy, a significant number of geotechnical engineerings will be built in earthquake zone mixture slope of the seismic stability.The problem appears to becoming more prominent.
Seismic effect on the slope of rock and soil blending is a very complex dynamic process, the domestic research on this subject is still few. so far, seismic slope stability analysis is still under the limit equilibrium theory which is based on quasi-static .Seismic design experience is still at the state, it has seriously affected the reliability of the design, economic and scientific. Therefore, a mixture of earth and rock slope under seismic stability evaluation of failure mechanism. The method of in-depth study would not only promote mixed under earthquake debris slope stability theory development the innovation for the geotechnical engineering construction, which is in the decision-making, design and construction to provide technical support, has important theoretical and practical significance.
In this paper, Wenchuan turf landslide study is based on the field of geological survey, data collection and analysis .The paper elaborates the detail of the Lawn Slope engineering geological characteristics. Thus,it takes the basic geological model of the landslide. In related fields based on existing research carried out under earthquake mixture slope stability studies, the specific content and the results are as follows:
(1) The paper is analysis of the seismic mixture slope stability factors.It is not only discussed the geological structure, lithology, topography, slope of the internal structure of the internal,also discussedthe seismic loading, human factors impact of external factors. It is on the slope stability, so as to mixture slope design and reinforcement to provide guidance.
(2) The paper is analysis of the Seismic mixture slope failure mechanism.It is mainly accumulated and trigger effects, high projectile motion landslide, debris flow and so on.
(3) The FLAC-3D elastic-plastic theory is based on duwen Road Turf point slope workers under natural conditions. The earthquake is on the stability analysis and the results demonstrated a mixture slope seismic stability of the overall situation of grasp.
地震效应对土石混合体边坡的影响是个极其复杂的动力过程,国内对此课题的研究尚不多见,到目前为止,边坡地震作用下稳定性分析仍采用基于极限平衡理论的拟静力法,抗震设计方面仍停留在经验状态,严重影响了设计的可靠性、经济性和科学性。因此对土石混合体边坡在地震作用下失稳机制以及稳定性评价方法进行深入研究,不仅能推动地震作用下土石混合体边坡稳定性理论的发展和创新,而且能够为岩土工程建设的决策、设计和施工提供技术支持,具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。
本文以汶川茅草坪滑坡为研究对象,在野外地质调查、资料收集和分析基础上,详细的阐述了茅草坪边坡的工程地质特征,并由此概化出滑坡基本地质模型。在相关领域已有的研究基础上,开展了地震作用下土石混合体边坡的稳定性研究,具体的研究内容与取得的成果如下:
(1)分析了地震作用下土石混合体边坡稳定性的影响因素,讨论地质构造、地层岩性、地形地貌、边坡内部结构等内因和地震荷载、人为因素等外因对边坡的稳定性影响,从而为土石混合体边坡的设计和加固提供指导。
(2)分析了地震作用下土石混合体边坡失稳破坏机理,主要有累积和触发效应、高位滑坡抛射运动、碎屑流化等。
(3)运用基于FLAC-3D弹塑性理论对都汶路茅草坪边坡工点进行了天然状态下和地震作用下的稳定性分析,分析结果显示了对土石混合体边坡地震稳定性总体态势的把握。
There are many mixture slope in western china , and most of western china are in the earthquake zone.The environment, in seismicly strong and high frequency activity, inevitably leads to many problems of earthquake-related mixture slope. With the implementation of the western development strategy, a significant number of geotechnical engineerings will be built in earthquake zone mixture slope of the seismic stability.The problem appears to becoming more prominent.
Seismic effect on the slope of rock and soil blending is a very complex dynamic process, the domestic research on this subject is still few. so far, seismic slope stability analysis is still under the limit equilibrium theory which is based on quasi-static .Seismic design experience is still at the state, it has seriously affected the reliability of the design, economic and scientific. Therefore, a mixture of earth and rock slope under seismic stability evaluation of failure mechanism. The method of in-depth study would not only promote mixed under earthquake debris slope stability theory development the innovation for the geotechnical engineering construction, which is in the decision-making, design and construction to provide technical support, has important theoretical and practical significance.
In this paper, Wenchuan turf landslide study is based on the field of geological survey, data collection and analysis .The paper elaborates the detail of the Lawn Slope engineering geological characteristics. Thus,it takes the basic geological model of the landslide. In related fields based on existing research carried out under earthquake mixture slope stability studies, the specific content and the results are as follows:
(1) The paper is analysis of the seismic mixture slope stability factors.It is not only discussed the geological structure, lithology, topography, slope of the internal structure of the internal,also discussedthe seismic loading, human factors impact of external factors. It is on the slope stability, so as to mixture slope design and reinforcement to provide guidance.
(2) The paper is analysis of the Seismic mixture slope failure mechanism.It is mainly accumulated and trigger effects, high projectile motion landslide, debris flow and so on.
(3) The FLAC-3D elastic-plastic theory is based on duwen Road Turf point slope workers under natural conditions. The earthquake is on the stability analysis and the results demonstrated a mixture slope seismic stability of the overall situation of grasp.
引文
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[13] F.Lanaroand P.Tolppanen,3D characterization of coarse aggregate [J]. Engin- eering Gelolgy,2002,(6):17-30.
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[31]张有天.岩石高边坡的变形与稳定[M].北京:水力水电出版社,1999.
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[33]周中.土石混合体滑坡的流-固耦合特性及其预测预报研究[D].中南大学博士学位论文,2006.
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[35]胡广韬..滑坡动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.
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[2] Marsal.R.J. Large scale testing of rockfill materials,J.soil Mech.Fdn Engng Div.Am.Soc.civ.engrs..1967,SM 2: 27-34.
[3] Charles J.A,Watt K.S. The influence of confining pressure on the shear strenghth of compacted rockfill,Geotechnique 30, 1980,No.4:353-364.
[4] Lee Y. H. Strength and deformation characteristics of rockfill, PHD thesis,Asian institute of technology, Bangkok,1986.
[5] Vesic A.S, Clough G.W. Behaviour of granular materials under high stresses,J.Soil Mech.Fdn Engng Div.Am.soc.civ.Engrs 94,1968,SM 3:661-668.
[6] Marachi N.D. Strength and deformation characteristics of rockfill materials,PHD thesis,university of California,1969.
[7] Marachi N.D,et. Evaluation of properties of rockfill materials,J.Soil Mech.Fdn Engng Div.Am.soc.civ.Engrs 98,1968,SM 1:95-114.
[8]黄广龙,周建,龚晓楠.矿山排土场散体岩土的强度变形特性[J].浙江大学学报(工学版)2000(34):12.
[9]武明.土石混合体非均质填料力学特性试验研究[J].公路,1997(1):48-49.
[10]郝建明.三峡库区土石混合体的变形和破坏机理研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学博士学位论文,2004.
[11]油新华.土石混合体随机结构模型及其应用研究[D].北京:北方交通大学博士学位论文,2002.
[12] Xiaoli,Qinlinliao,Jianminghe. In-situtest sands to chastic structural model of Rockand soil aggregate in the three gorges Reservoir area[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41(3):494.
[13] F.Lanaroand P.Tolppanen,3D characterization of coarse aggregate [J]. Engin- eering Gelolgy,2002,(6):17-30.
[14] Z.Q.Yueand,S.Chen. Finite element modeling of geomaterials using digital image processing[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2003,(30):375-397.
[15] ShihaiLi,ManhongZhao,YuanianWang. Anew numerical method for DEM block and paticle model[J].International Journation of Rock Menchnics and Mini ciences.2004,41(3):436.
[16]张谦应.土石混填路基修筑技术综述[J].岩土力学,2004:25.
[17]朱建华,游凡,杨凯红.宽级配砾石土坝料的防渗性及反渗[J].岩土工程学报,1993(15):6-7
[18]郭熙灵,李思慎.水布亚水利枢纽页岩风化料击实和渗透特性试验研究[J].人民长江,1996,27(12):18-20.
[19]刘令瑶,崔亦昊,张广文.宽级配砾石土水力劈裂特性的研究[J].岩土工程学,1998,20(2):83-85.
[20]饶锡保,何晓民.粗粒含量对砾石土工程性质影响的研究[J],长江科学院院报,1996,16(1):334-337.
[21]陈惠发.极限分析与土体塑性[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1995.
[22]钱家欢,殷宗泽.土工原理与计算(第二版),北京:中国水利水电出版社,1996.
[23]潘家铮.建筑物的抗滑稳定和滑坡分析[J].北京:水利出版社,1980.
[24]陈祖煌.潘家铮最大最小原理的证明[J].清华大学学报,1998(1):6-13.
[25]孙君实.条分法的提法及其数值计算的最优化方法[J].水力发电学报,1983(1):11-18.
[26]孙君实.条分法的数值分析[J].岩土工程学报,1984,6(2):1-12.
[27] Collins I F, et al. Slope stability analysis for materials with a non-linear failureenvelope. Int. J.Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech.1988,12(5):533-550.
[28]蔡中民.非线性Mohr-Coulomb体边坡的极限荷载[J].固体力学学报,1995,16(3):254-258.
[29] Pasternack S C,Gao S. Numerical methods in the stability analysis of slopes. Computers&Structures.1988,130(3):573-579.
[30] Matsui T, San K-C. Finite element slope stability analysis by shear strengthreduction technique.Soils and Foundations.1992,132(1):59-70.
[31]张有天.岩石高边坡的变形与稳定[M].北京:水力水电出版社,1999.
[32]毛泽宇.地震作用下松散对集体崩塌规模研究与应用[D].西南交通大学硕士毕业论文,2006.
[33]周中.土石混合体滑坡的流-固耦合特性及其预测预报研究[D].中南大学博士学位论文,2006.
[34]郑颖人.边坡与滑坡工程治理[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2007.
[35]胡广韬..滑坡动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.
[36]张倬元,王士天,王兰生.工程地质分析原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1993.
[37]何蕴龙,陆述远.岩石边坡地震作用近似计算方法[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(2):66~68.
[38]肖克强.地震荷载作用下顺层岩体边坡变形特征及稳定性研究[D].北京:中国科学研究生院,2006.
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