纳米材料敏感/增强的QCM气敏和生物传感器的研究
摘要
石英晶体微天平(Quartz Crystal Mircrobalance, QCM)是基于石英晶体的压电效应对电极表面质量变化进行测量的传感器测量技术。它将晶体表面的微质量变化转换为石英晶振的谐振频率变化,从而进行纳克级的质量检测,是一种非常灵敏的质量型检测仪器,具有结构简单,成本低廉,灵敏度高,高度数字化,易于实时在线检测等优点。本课题致力于QCM化学／生物传感器的研制及其在气体检测和生化分析两个领域的应用研究,结合相应的纳米材料,分别实现了气相中特定气体分子的检测,以及液相环境中生化物质的特异性免疫分析,具有极高的应用价值和广泛的市场前景。
本文分别对气敏传感器技术,生物传感检测技术进行了综述和分析。从气体敏感材料和检测方法两个角度分析了各种气敏传感器的敏感机理及特点；从生物固定化方法和免疫检测方法两个方面分析了各类生物传感器检测的工作原理及特点。详细阐述了QCM质量效应的理论基础,QCM的结构和等效电路等相关原理。并介绍了QCM传感器在气敏传感器和免疫传感器的研究进展和应用。
针对目前邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)气体检测设备体积庞大,价格昂贵,操作复杂的缺点,本课题研究了聚苯胺纳米纤维修饰的QCM气敏传感器用于DBP的痕量气体检测。采用化学聚合超声振荡法制备聚苯胺纳米纤维,将聚苯胺纳米纤维溶液涂敷于QCM电极制得QCM气敏传感器,考察了气敏传感器对DBP气体响应的灵敏度,响应时间,重复性,选择性,及长时间稳定性；并通过对比分析了纳米材料改性对QCM传感器气敏性能的改进作用。
课题研究了基于纳米金颗粒增强效应的双抗体夹心法的QCM免疫传感器用于微量白蛋白和C-反应蛋白的检测。实验采用自组装膜固定技术将抗体固定在QCM金电极表面制备免疫传感器,在液相条件下通过流动注射方式完成对蛋白质的特异性检测,并引入纳米金颗粒增强效应,形成双抗体夹心法检测,进一步放大抗原与固定抗体结合反应的信号,检测灵敏度得到改善。
本文分别对气敏传感器技术,生物传感检测技术进行了综述和分析。从气体敏感材料和检测方法两个角度分析了各种气敏传感器的敏感机理及特点；从生物固定化方法和免疫检测方法两个方面分析了各类生物传感器检测的工作原理及特点。详细阐述了QCM质量效应的理论基础,QCM的结构和等效电路等相关原理。并介绍了QCM传感器在气敏传感器和免疫传感器的研究进展和应用。
针对目前邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)气体检测设备体积庞大,价格昂贵,操作复杂的缺点,本课题研究了聚苯胺纳米纤维修饰的QCM气敏传感器用于DBP的痕量气体检测。采用化学聚合超声振荡法制备聚苯胺纳米纤维,将聚苯胺纳米纤维溶液涂敷于QCM电极制得QCM气敏传感器,考察了气敏传感器对DBP气体响应的灵敏度,响应时间,重复性,选择性,及长时间稳定性；并通过对比分析了纳米材料改性对QCM传感器气敏性能的改进作用。
课题研究了基于纳米金颗粒增强效应的双抗体夹心法的QCM免疫传感器用于微量白蛋白和C-反应蛋白的检测。实验采用自组装膜固定技术将抗体固定在QCM金电极表面制备免疫传感器,在液相条件下通过流动注射方式完成对蛋白质的特异性检测,并引入纳米金颗粒增强效应,形成双抗体夹心法检测,进一步放大抗原与固定抗体结合反应的信号,检测灵敏度得到改善。
引文
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