板坯连铸结晶器内流动状态及传热行为的数值模拟
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摘要
在连铸过程中,结晶器是钢水成型的最后一道工序,结晶器内钢液的流动特性不仅关系到结晶器的传热、夹杂物的上浮,而且还与铸坯的表面及内部质量有着非常密切的关系。深入了解和控制结晶器内钢液的流动状态和传热行为是保证高效连铸工艺顺行的重要条件。
本研究以重钢板坯连铸结晶器为原型,基于商用软件FLUENT操作平台,采用连续性方程、动量方程及能量方程建立结晶器内钢液流动的三维数学模型,模拟研究了结晶器内钢液的流动状态和传热行为。通过数值模拟方法研究了浸入式水口(SEN)结构参数(水口倾角、底部形状和水口出口面积比)及连铸工艺参数(拉速、插入深度和吹气量等)对结晶器内钢液流场和温度场的影响,分析了其影响规律及形成原因,并与物理模拟进行对比,为优化SEN结构参数及连铸工艺参数提供依据。
采用物理模拟实验与数值模拟相结合的方法,优选板坯结晶器水口。物理模拟结果表明:常规冶炼拉速条件下,160mm厚度的结晶器B1#和B2#水口较优;190mm厚度结晶器2#和3#水口较优;230mm厚度结晶器2#和7#水口较优。数值模拟结果表明:高拉速条件下,160mm厚度结晶器,B2#水口较优;190mm厚度结晶器,2#水口较优;230mm厚度结晶器7#水口较优。
通过建立和求解夹杂物的运动方程,分析了夹杂物在结晶器内的运动轨迹。结果表明:夹杂物运动的轨迹与钢液的流线图相似;在其他情况相同的情况下,夹杂物颗粒数量对去除率影响不大;夹杂物的直径越大、密度越小,越容易除去;靠近浸入式水口壁面的夹杂物易被除去;当拉速较大、水口插入深度较大、结晶器断面宽度较宽时,钢液对结晶器窄面的冲击深度较大,夹杂物不易上浮,去除率较低。
In the continuous casting process, mold is the last process during molten steel shaped, the flow field characteristic in mold is not only affect heat transfer and inclusion removal rate, but also has a very close relationship on slab surface quality and internal quality. In-depth understanding and controlling the molten steel flow field and heat transfer behavior in the mold is an important condition to ensure efficient continuous casting process.
The slab mold at Chongqing Iron and Steel Company was the object for investigation in this paper, based on the commercial software FLUENT, using the continuity equation, momentum equation and energy equation, this article established the mathematical model to simulate the flow field and heat transfer behavior in mold. By using numerical simulation method, this paper studied how the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) structural parameters (SEN exit area ratio, the bottom structure of SEN and SEN port obliquity), continuous casting process parameters (casting speed, immerged depth and blowing volume, etc.) influence mold flow field and the temperature field, analyzed the impact of the law and its cause, compared with the physical simulation, provided the basis for optimizing the structural parameters of SEN and continuous casting process parameters.
In this paper, the submerged entry nozzle was selecte by using physical simulation and numerical simulation. The physical simulation results showed: 160mm thickness of mold preferred B1# and B2# nozzle, 190mm thickness of mold preferred 2# and 3# nozzle, 230mm thickness of mold preferred 2# and 7# nozzle. Numerical simulation method was used to select the same thickness of the different sections on better nozzles at high casting speed, the nozzles were preliminary selected in physical simulation. The results showed: 160mm thickness of mold preferred B2 # nozzle, 190mm thickness of mold preferred 2 # nozzle, 230mm thickness of mold preferred 7# nozzle.
3-D numerical model which describes the flow of liquid steel and the inclusion’s trajectories in mold has been carried out, by solving the equations of motion of inclusions, the study analyzes the inclusions trajectory in the mold. The results show that the trajectories of inclusions are similar to the streamline of steel; the numbers of inclusions have less effect on the removal rate; the larger diameter, smaller density and near the submerged entry nozzle wall inclusions are easy to remove; the high casting speed, the larger immersion depth of nozzle, the wider of mold section, the impacted depth of the molten steel is deeper, this is not beneficial for the inclusions removing.
本研究以重钢板坯连铸结晶器为原型,基于商用软件FLUENT操作平台,采用连续性方程、动量方程及能量方程建立结晶器内钢液流动的三维数学模型,模拟研究了结晶器内钢液的流动状态和传热行为。通过数值模拟方法研究了浸入式水口(SEN)结构参数(水口倾角、底部形状和水口出口面积比)及连铸工艺参数(拉速、插入深度和吹气量等)对结晶器内钢液流场和温度场的影响,分析了其影响规律及形成原因,并与物理模拟进行对比,为优化SEN结构参数及连铸工艺参数提供依据。
采用物理模拟实验与数值模拟相结合的方法,优选板坯结晶器水口。物理模拟结果表明:常规冶炼拉速条件下,160mm厚度的结晶器B1#和B2#水口较优;190mm厚度结晶器2#和3#水口较优;230mm厚度结晶器2#和7#水口较优。数值模拟结果表明:高拉速条件下,160mm厚度结晶器,B2#水口较优;190mm厚度结晶器,2#水口较优;230mm厚度结晶器7#水口较优。
通过建立和求解夹杂物的运动方程,分析了夹杂物在结晶器内的运动轨迹。结果表明:夹杂物运动的轨迹与钢液的流线图相似;在其他情况相同的情况下,夹杂物颗粒数量对去除率影响不大;夹杂物的直径越大、密度越小,越容易除去;靠近浸入式水口壁面的夹杂物易被除去;当拉速较大、水口插入深度较大、结晶器断面宽度较宽时,钢液对结晶器窄面的冲击深度较大,夹杂物不易上浮,去除率较低。
In the continuous casting process, mold is the last process during molten steel shaped, the flow field characteristic in mold is not only affect heat transfer and inclusion removal rate, but also has a very close relationship on slab surface quality and internal quality. In-depth understanding and controlling the molten steel flow field and heat transfer behavior in the mold is an important condition to ensure efficient continuous casting process.
The slab mold at Chongqing Iron and Steel Company was the object for investigation in this paper, based on the commercial software FLUENT, using the continuity equation, momentum equation and energy equation, this article established the mathematical model to simulate the flow field and heat transfer behavior in mold. By using numerical simulation method, this paper studied how the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) structural parameters (SEN exit area ratio, the bottom structure of SEN and SEN port obliquity), continuous casting process parameters (casting speed, immerged depth and blowing volume, etc.) influence mold flow field and the temperature field, analyzed the impact of the law and its cause, compared with the physical simulation, provided the basis for optimizing the structural parameters of SEN and continuous casting process parameters.
In this paper, the submerged entry nozzle was selecte by using physical simulation and numerical simulation. The physical simulation results showed: 160mm thickness of mold preferred B1# and B2# nozzle, 190mm thickness of mold preferred 2# and 3# nozzle, 230mm thickness of mold preferred 2# and 7# nozzle. Numerical simulation method was used to select the same thickness of the different sections on better nozzles at high casting speed, the nozzles were preliminary selected in physical simulation. The results showed: 160mm thickness of mold preferred B2 # nozzle, 190mm thickness of mold preferred 2 # nozzle, 230mm thickness of mold preferred 7# nozzle.
3-D numerical model which describes the flow of liquid steel and the inclusion’s trajectories in mold has been carried out, by solving the equations of motion of inclusions, the study analyzes the inclusions trajectory in the mold. The results show that the trajectories of inclusions are similar to the streamline of steel; the numbers of inclusions have less effect on the removal rate; the larger diameter, smaller density and near the submerged entry nozzle wall inclusions are easy to remove; the high casting speed, the larger immersion depth of nozzle, the wider of mold section, the impacted depth of the molten steel is deeper, this is not beneficial for the inclusions removing.
引文
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